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Sent: Wednesday, November 23, 2005 2:14 PM
Subject: Mitochondrial DNA diversity among five tribal populations of southern
India & cenozoic coralline algal assemblage from southwestern Kutch and its
importance in palaeoenvironment and palaeobathymetry


RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS

cenozoic coralline algal assemblage from southwestern Kutch and its importance
in palaeoenvironment and palaeobathymetry
Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 University Road, Lucknow 226 007,
India

Little contribution has been made on the study of coralline algae from the
Cenozoic sediments of southwestern Kutch. Some of the limestone units belonging
to Oligocene and Miocene sediments of southwestern Kutch were known to be
potential sources for the recovery of coralline algae. There are some reports on
the occurrence of coralline red algae from the early Oligocene, late Oligocene
and early Lower Miocene rocks of southwestern Kutch. Taxonomic revision of
majority of these taxa has to be made following the diagnostic characters used
in present-day taxonomy. Presently, the extinct coralline algae are being
studied based on new anatomical characters applicable to extant coralline algae.
The present study has been carried out following current methodology of
taxonomic consideration on freshly collected samples from the late Oligocene
(Chattian) limestone belonging to Bermoti Member of Maniyara Fort Formation. The
assemblage is dominated by the genera Lithophyllum and Mesophyllum. Both these
taxa have been analysed with the concept of open nomenclature. Attempts have
been made to interpret the palaeoenvironment and palaeobathymetry based on the
analysis of recovered algal assemblage. The distribution pattern of coralline
red algae recorded so far from the Cenozoic sediments of southwestern Kutch has
been summarized.

Mitochondrial DNA diversity among five tribal populations of southern India

Deepa H. Vishwanathan?, Sangita Roy #,M. V. Usha Rani?,* and Partha P. Majumder?

?Division of Genetics, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar
University, Coimbatore 641 046, India #Human Genetics and Genomics Division,
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700 032, India? Anthropology and
Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700 035, India

Mitochondrial DNA diversity among five tribal populations of southern India
Deepa Edwin?, H.



Vishwanathan?, Sangita Roy#, M. V. Usha Rani?,* and Partha P. Majumder?

?Division of Genetics, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar
University, Coimbatore 641 046, India #Human Genetics and Genomics Division,
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700 032, India ?Anthropology and
Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700 035, India



DNA samples from 160 unrelated individuals belonging to five Dravidian tribal
populations of southern India were analysed for ten mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
restriction site polymorphisms (RSPs) and

one insertion/deletion polymorphism. There is extensive sharing of mtDNA
haplotypes among all the

tribal populations studied, indicating that there was a small female founding
population in India. The 9-bp

deletion analysed was observed only in the Kadar population with a low
frequency. The Asian-specific haplogroup M is found at a higher frequency in all
the populations, thus supporting the hypothesis that this haplogroup arose in
India and was carried to Africa from India. Haplogroup U is also found in all
the populations and it is consistent with the theory that Dravidian-speaking
populations were more widespread in India and that the Aryan-speakers pushed
them to their present habitat.



CONTEMPORARY ethnic populations of India manifest a great deal of biological and
cultural variability1. Based on cultural patterns, the tribal populations of
India are clearly distinguished from the non-tribal groups, such as the
populations belonging to the Hindu caste fold. The tribals constitute about
8.08% (2001 census) of the total Indian population. They are considered to be
the original inhabitants of India. Tribals may represent relic populations of
unknown origin, but potentially of great genetic interest2. The origins and
migrational histories of the tribal populations of the Indian subcontinent are
not clearly understood. Some tribal populations of southern India bear many
Negroid physical characteristics3,4, and may therefore be the representatives
arriving in India on an ancient wave of out-of-Africa migration. Most ethnic
populations of southern India are linguistically Dravidian. Some researchers
have proposed that the contemporary Dravidian-speaking tribes of southern and
central India may be descendants of the original inhabitants of the Indian
subcontinent5, although we have recently provided genomic evidence that the
Dravidian-speaking tribals may have arrived in India after the Austro-Asiatic
speaking tribals.



Forwarded by Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
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