From: kutchsciencefoundation@... Dear EDITORIALS, Friends of the
Science, History, paleontology and Geology, ISOTOPIC FINGERPRINTS OF MICROBIAL
RESPIRATION IN ARAGONITE FROM MODERN BAHAMIAN STROMATOLITES
More Information of Stromatolites @ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromatolite
'The Strombolites' was inspired by a visit to a lake south of Perth, one of two
places in Australia where 'strombolites' can be seen. These are a kind of
'living' rock which date back to the dawn of life on Earth

Though geologist all over the world do visit to research in Kutch but Geological
study has not been given such a priority in KUTCH. Kutch do have fossilised
strombolites in Gangeshwar dome area. when it was under shalow sea water it has
LIVING fossils at that time but later with the uplift of the area from the sea
bed. those fossils are plenty on the gangeshwar hill area.

Though Australians and Americans geologist has dome more to study similar
fossils in PERTH of AUSTRALIA. none of geologist has given the time to the
strombolites foosils of Gangeshwar dome of KUTCH. similarly Bay of Kutch is
full of misteries. Diving in bay of kutch reveals a beutiful coral seabed and
planty of Living STROMATOLITES which are original organisms of the time of the
evolution of life on the Earth. picture of the BAY of kutch and Perth Australlia
are attached along with gangeshwar dome strombolites fossils in KUTCH

Which proves the KUTCH land formation is since the LIFE evolved on the Earth and
well beyond the time we think. and need more study of the fossil records.
documentry film for this subject is vailable for reference study in the
Geological Library of KUTCH SCIENCE FOUNDATION GEOLOGICAl section.

Geology Department, Univ of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616,
sumner@... and ANDRES, Miriam S., Rosenstiel School of Marine
and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami,
FL 33149 In honor of Prof. Ginsburg and the numerous insightful conversations we
have had with him, we present new results on processes causing lithification in
modern Bahamian stromatolites. As Ginsburg has argued for longer than we have
been scientists, understanding how modern stromatolites or ¡°strombolites¡± form
and lithify is critical to properly interpreting the origins of ancient
stromatolites. Microbial roles in stromatolite lithification can be traced in
carbonates because microbial communities produce carbon isotopic shifts when
they cycle local DIC (dissolved inorganic carbon). Thus, the isotopic
composition of carbonates can record ancient microbial CO2 cycling, providing
insights into the processes of stromatolite growth and microbial influences on
carbonate chemistry. In shallow subtidal modern stromatolites from Highborne
Cay, Bahamas, authigenic aragonite preserves a carbon isotopic record of
heterotrophic microbial influences on DIC; authigenic aragonite is >1 per mil
depleted in 13C relative to aragonite that precipitated in equilibrium with
local seawater. Even though cyanobacteria raise pH during peak photosynthesis,
more aragonite precipitates when and where respiration influences local DIC.
These results are consistent with 1) sulfate reduction promoting carbonate
precipitation and 2) calcium release during decay of exopolymeric substances as
previously reported. Thus, heterotrophs play a more important role than
phototrophs in Bahamian stromatolite lithification on a local scale. However,
organic matter produced by cyanobacteria supports the heterotrophic community.
Thus, the absence of an autotrophic isotopic signature in the rock record cannot
imply the absence of photosynthetic activity.
Heterotrophic signatures may also be difficult to observe in ancient
stromatolites. With continued lithification, the 1-2¡ë ¦Ä13C shifts will be
diluted by carbonate precipitation during early diagenesis and burial. Thus,
microbial isotopic signatures in shallow subtidal stromatolites are only likely
to be identified in exceptional circumstances. Identifying ancient microbial
signatures will require careful sampling to separate carbonate components with
different isotopic signatures and carbonates that precipitated on the spatial
scales influenced by microbial communities.If oyu are just waiting to hear for
the Hominid Fossils found in the KUTCH, your wish will be copleted very soon in
near future! teams are working to get the perfect evidence proofs and soon reach
to conclusion to clear the confusions.Do not be surprised if you get a good vews
of unexpected HOMINID fossil find in the KUTCH of GUJARAT INDIA. Though most of
the geologist stick to the darwinian beliefs, But thats not the coplete truth
and thats the reality that darwinian theory is not the coplete science of
creation of the GOD.Many of the geologist are in favour of the New Study
Supporting the Idea That Primates and Dinosaurs Coexisted. and Many geologists
do stay away from those Geologist but must not afraid of these but dare to read
their finding facts too. GEOLOGIST opposing those viws must read the BOOK about
the hominid evolution, the canals studied of many living primates, 'Review of
Forbidden Archaeology: The Hidden History of the Human Race.' Books and
Documentry Filming evedenses are avilable for reference ONLy at out Science
library geology sections. MANY GEOLOGISTS did LAUGH when first news of fossils
of GIANTS CROCODILION published very first time just after the KUTCH EARTHQUAKE
in 2001. But Now atleast FOUR crocodillion fossil specimens are discoverd from
Kutch sediments. Though many have not visited those museum places to see them
may be lack of information to them.But here is details of those 1) in PANDHROW
Mine GEOLOGY MUSEUM at PANDROW - KUTCH @
http://wikimapia.org/#lat=23.6896473&lon=68.7201691&z=14&l=0&m=a&v=2&search=Pana\
ndhro2) Bharatioya SANSKRITI DARSHAN Museum of BHUJ - SPECIMAN PICTURES MAP AND
LOACTION @
http://wikimapia.org/#lat=23.241982&lon=69.6648324&z=18&l=0&m=a&v=2&show=/884307\
/Bharatiya-Sankriti-Darsan-Museum3) specimen is under process of retrieving and
the 4) the very first and the BIGGEST OF ALL is been destroyed due to lack to
understand the preserving the precious fossil treasere.Geo ARCHEOLOGICAL
LIBRARY LISTING of KUTCH SCIENCE FOUNDATION DIGITAL LIBRARY
15) 100s of Books of Archaeological library WITH ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ARCHEOLOGY ,
Forbidden archaeology including Civilisation and DHOLAVIRA video library, INCA,
MAYA, EGYPT, INDUS etc.
16) 100s of Books of Geological Science Library including fossils and DINO
fossils complete sets of Photographic libraries INCLUDING Forbidden Geology,
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GEOLOGY. including video library INCLUDING Forbidden Geology
video.

Many doubts were raised when ETV and Bombay SAMACHAR broadcasted the following
news, with doubt that the PURVA - Aadi MANAV ancestor was not existing at that
time but now the skeleton evidence came out that the ancestor missing link was
there at that time before (about 22 to 5.5 million years ago) between 11 and 16
million years ago.
The partial skeleton of this 13-million-year-old 'missing link' was found by
palaeontologists working at a dig site near Barcelona in Spain.
That time matches with the Rameshwarm bridge and RAMAVATAR and Koteshwar -
RAVANa History (Tretauga), means Formation of MONKEY and Apes army formation by
DEVAs. that will rule out all the doubts raised for the PURVA - Aadi
MANAV.Hominid Foot prints found in older layers may have been formed later in
the geological process but the study of Photomicrographs and infrared
photography is required so that to eliminate that there were no signs of carving
or artificial markings in or around the prints. A study of microscopic count of
sand grains is ralso required so indicating that the material within the prints
had been impacted, and created as the result of a force pressing down on the
firmament while it was soft. These facts show that the prints were made by the
natural result of pressure from the human foot, and in no way could have been
duplicated by carving nor only the pheneonmena of honeycomb appearance as the
study of Photomicrographs and infrared photography can differnciate the compact
sand particles under the pressurepoints which are not in honeycomb pattern
appearance.Many geologists and paleontologists do visit with curiocity of the
specimen and the subject but have no background of study of Photomicrographs and
infrared photography and its geological/paleontological applications so do not
have any clue or chance to study those subjects in that angle of research.
unfortunately lack of resourses and facility for such a research. Phase Two
Fossils: Burroughs Conjecture
The most cogent explanation of anomalous fossil footprints is perhaps offered by
Dr. William Greely Burroughs, of Berea College in Kentucky. Dr. Burroughs
conjecture is that a depression in fossil-bearing rock may, long after the
original fossils have been formed, be filled with a sediment that in its turn
may also become the medium in which the impression of a footprint or the body of
a creature is fossilized. When this second period of fossilization is complete
the newly formed rock may be indistinguishable from the older formation, and the
new fossils may appear to have formed at the same time as those which are much
older. Thus, several fossilization processes may wind up looking like a
footprint made at the same time. This is undoubtebly the case in many instances,
but the theory is lacking in several respects. Firstly, fossilized human
footprints have been found deep within rocks that show no evidence of
discontinuous formation, not just at the junction of sedimentary layers.
Secondly, out of place fossils are often inconsistent not only with the ages of
associated fossils but also with the rock strata and the age conventionally
ascribed to them. New Study Supports Idea That Primates, Dinosaurs Coexisted
!!!!

Sientists have acquired new data supporting the idea that the last ancestor
shared by all living primates walked with the dinosaurs more than 80 million
years ago. The results came from a new technique used to reconstruct the course
of animal evolution.Previously, opposing scientific camps estimated that the
animal that gave rise to the primates lived as recently as 55 million years ago
and as long ago as 90 million years. The newly proposed date is closer to the
older end of the range. That's significant because the older estimate, which was
derived from studies based on molecular genetics, identifies the earliest
primates as contemporaries of the dinosaurs. The younger date, which was based
on fossil records, represents a period after the dinosaurs had already become
extinct. 'Our results agree broadly with a molecular estimate [and] contradict
widely accepted palaeontological estimates,' Simon Tavar¨¦ of the University of
Southern California and his colleagues reported in the journal Nature. Their
finding sprang from a scientific collaboration that straddled the fields of
biology and mathematics and spanned research centers from California to the
Swiss Alps. Working with colleagues from Harvard University, the University of
Washington, Chicago's Field Museum, and institutions in England and Switzerland,
Tavar¨¦ used a novel mathematical approach to help answer a major piece of the
evolutionary puzzle. Past Views The search for the first primate¡ªthat is, the
last animal to have been an ancestor of all members of the primate family
tree¡ªhas long intrigued scientists and others interested in humanity's
evolutionary origins. From the oldest known fossil remains of primates,
paleontologists have determined that some ancient members of our evolutionary
family lived and died at least as far back as 55 million years ago. Fossils
alone, however, cannot disclose precisely when members of the last common
ancestral species began to segregate into distinct populations that eventually
gave rise to the modern array of some 200 primate species. That's because the
fossil record is incomplete. Paleontologists can't tell how close any particular
specimen was to the progenitor of the primates. So, to approach the problem from
another angle, scientists in the field of molecular genetics have compared
subtle differences in the DNA of living primates. Geneticists can tell how
recently two species diverged from a common ancestor from information etched in
the organisms' genes: The fewer differences researchers find between two genetic
codes, the more recently the species parted evolutionary company. Using this
method, geneticists have concluded that about 90 million years have elapsed
since all living primates shared their last common ancestor. Based on such
studies, evolutionary biologists such as Pennsylvania State University's Blair
Hedges believe that early primates lived alongside the great reptiles.
'[Primates and other] major groups of mammals evolved for tens of millions of
years before the dinosaurs became extinct,' Hedges said. That mass extinction
occurred about 65 million years ago.
Fleshing out the Fossil Record
To reconcile the genetics-based date with the comparatively young estimates of
paleontologists, Tavar¨¦ and his colleagues fashioned an evolutionary tree of
the primates as it's known from fossils.
Not wanting to depend entirely on what paleontologists have turned up, the
researchers then fleshed out the rudimentary tree with educated guesswork. They
used mathematical equations to predict how many species of primates are not
represented in the fossil record, and to predict when and for how long those
species may have lived.
The resulting model¡ªbased loosely on hard evidence but expanded to take into
account species that lived and died out but remain unknown to science¡ªsuggests
that the earliest primate lived about 81.5 million years ago, long before the
age of the oldest fossils uncovered by paleontologists.
'Naturally,' said Hedges, 'I am pleased with this result because it shows
agreement with our molecular-clock studies.'
Tavar¨¦'s team suggested that the earliest primates might have been small,
nocturnal creatures that inhabited tropical forests. But, assuming they did
exist that long ago, numerous forms could have evolved prior to the fateful
cataclysm that wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago.
That event, presumably caused by a giant impact from outerspace, didn't wipe out
all primates living at the time, but probably spared relatively few of them,
Tavar¨¦ theorized. Those primates that survived would have subsequently evolved
into myriad species.
'Of course, this is all speculation,' Tavar¨¦ acknowledged. 'We have not found
any fossils in that bin yet.'
In fact, scientists may never know how these proposed lost kin of ours
looked¡ªor be certain they existed at all¡ªunless paleontologists someday
recover fossilized remains. FROM YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of
INDIA.http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/President:'Kutch
Science Foundation'.Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj -
Kutch'.Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.kutchscience@...,
kutchscience@...,http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000h\
ttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/gro\
up/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.co\
m/group/bhuj
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