Dear friends of science and archaeology,
Indus: The Unvoiced Civilization - Do not forget to see Dholavira science of
Ancient architect of the irrigation engineering
Series: Messages From the Past
Description: Shrouded in mystery, the details of the Indus Valley
civilization are slowly being extracted from the archaeological record. In this
program, Richard Meadow, of Harvard University; R. S. Bisht, of the
Archaeological Survey of India; linguist Asko H. S. Parpola; and other experts
investigate the language, customs, and beliefs of the inhabitants of
Mohenjo-daro, Harappa, Dholavira, and Kalibangan. Satellite photos, maps,
relics, and an extraordinary 3-D computer re-creation of Dholavira and its water
management system shed light on topics including the enigmatic Sarasvati River
and Indus Valley links to Bahrain and faraway Mesopotamia. (59 minutes, color)
Date: 2000
Subject: Social Studies
Length: 59 mins
Copyright: Films for the Humanities & Sciences
View Video
Download Video [218.80 Mb] (right-click link and select "save target as" to
download)
Videos can be viewed with the free RealPlayer from http://www.real.com
(A security vulnerability exists in all versions of RealPlayer prior to April
19, 2005. Please see RealMedia's security advisory and contact your local
technical support for assistance.)
To bookmark this page use: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/dmc/video/2790702
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Wish you a happy winter Solstices and enjoy Coming UTAR-AYAN
Earth's Seasons Equinoxes, Solstices, Perihelion, and Aphelion Universal Time
d h d h m d h m
2005 2005
Perihelion Jan 2 01 Equinoxes Mar 20 12 33 Sept 22 22 23
Aphelion July 5 05 Solstices June 21 06 46 Dec 21 18 35
2006 2006
Perihelion Jan 4 15 Equinoxes Mar 20 18 26 Sept 23 04 03
Aphelion July 3 23 Solstices June 21 12 26 Dec 22 00 22
The date and time of the winter solstice
The exact date varies from year to year and may occur between the 20th and 23rd
of December.
Year Winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere (UT)
1999 DEC-22 @ 07:44
2000 DEC-21 @ 13:37
2001 DEC-21 @ 19:21
2002 DEC-22 @ 01:14
2003 DEC-22 @ 07:03
2004 DEC-21 @ 12:41
2005 DEC-21 @ 18:30
2006 DEC-22 @ 00:20
2007 DEC-22 @ 06:09
2008 DEC-21 @ 11:59
2009 DEC-21 @ 17:49
2010 DEC-21 @ 23:38
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Dear Friends of science and Astronomy,
Astronomers see sun-like star with possible planet formation
http://edition.cnn.com/2005/TECH/space/12/15/planet.birth.ap/
WHBF, IL - 9 hours ago
PASADENA, California (AP) -- Astronomers have spotted a swirling debris cloud
around a sun-like star where terrestrial planets similar to Earth may be forming
in a process that could shed light on the birth of the solar system.
The star, located 137 light-years away, appears to possess an asteroid belt, a
zone where the leftovers of failed planets collide. Terrestrial planets are
those with rocky surfaces, as opposed to a gas composition.
Scientists estimate the star is about 30 million years old -- about the same age
as our sun when terrestrial planets like Earth were nearly formed.
"This is one of a very rare class of objects that may give us a glimpse into
what our solar system may have looked like," the Space Science Institute's Dean
Hines, who led the discovery, said in a statement.
Using the Spitzer Space Telescope, astronomers measured the temperature of the
debris disk to be minus 262 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 128 degrees Celsius),
warmer than other similar disks. The sun has a surface temperature between 5,000
and 7,000 degrees Fahrenheit (2,760 and 3,871 degrees Celsius).
Earlier this year, another team using the Spitzer telescope announced the
discovery of another asteroid belt orbiting a 2-billion-year-old sun-like star
35 light-years away.
Astronomers see sun-like star with possible planet formation
PASADENA, Calif. Astronomers say they're witnessing what may be the birth of
planets.
They've spotted a swirling debris cloud around a sun-like star where terrestrial
planets similar to Earth may be forming.
The star, located 137 light-years away, appears to possess an asteroid belt, a
zone where the leftovers of failed planets collide. Terrestrial planets are
those with rocky surfaces, as opposed to a gas composition.
Scientists estimate the star is about 30 (m) million years old -- about the same
age as our sun when terrestrial planets like Earth were nearly formed.
They hope a study of the process that could shed light on the birth of the solar
system.
Copyright 2005 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be
published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
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Dear Friends of science and Astronomy,
Galaxies Colliding All Around Us Galaxies Colliding All Around Us
http://www.universetoday.com/am/publish/noao_local_universe.html
Summary - The history of our nearby Universe has been dominated by galactic
collisions. More than half of the nearby galaxies have collided other galaxies
in the last 2 billion year according to data from two comprehensive sky surveys.
By processing 126 galaxies in the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey and the
Multiwavelength Survey by Yale/Chile, researchers have found that 53% of
galaxies have evidence of long tails of stars trailing away from them; the
result of a recent galactic collision.
Full Story -
Newly found galaxy collisions in the nearby universe. Image credit: NOAO.
Click to enlarge
More than half of the largest galaxies in the nearby universe have collided and
merged with another galaxy in the past two billion years, according to a new
study using hundreds of images from two of the deepest sky surveys ever
conducted.
The idea of large galaxies being assembled primarily by mergers rather than
evolving by themselves in isolation has grown to dominate cosmological thinking.
However, a troubling inconsistency within this general theory has been that the
most massive galaxies appear to be the oldest, leaving minimal time since the
Big Bang for the mergers to have occurred.
"Our study found these common massive galaxies do form by mergers. It is just
that the mergers happen quickly, and the features that reveal the mergers are
very faint and therefore difficult to detect," says Pieter van Dokkum of Yale
University, lead author of the paper in the December 2005 issue of the
Astronomical Journal.
The paper uses two recent deep surveys done with the National Science
Foundation's 4-meter telescopes at Kitt Peak National Observatory and Cerro
Tololo Inter-American Observatory, known as the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey and
the Multiwavelength Survey by Yale/Chile. Together, these surveys covered an
area of the sky 50 times larger than the size of the full Moon.
"We needed data that are very deep over a very wide area to provide
statistically meaningful evidence," van Dokkum explains. "As happens so often in
science, fresh observations helped inform new conclusions."
Van Dokkum used images from the two surveys to look for telltale tidal features
around 126 nearby red galaxies, a color selection biased to select the most
massive galaxies in the local universe. These faint tidal features turn out to
be quite common, with 53 percent of the galaxies showing tails, broad fans of
stars trailing behind them or other obvious asymmetries.
"This implies that there is a galaxy that has endured a major collision and
subsequent merger event for every single other 'normal' undisturbed field
galaxy," van Dokkum notes. "Remarkably, the collisions that precede the mergers
are still ongoing in many cases. This allows us to study galaxies before,
during, and after the collisions."
Though there are not many direct star-to-star encounters in this merger process,
such galaxy collisions can have profound effects on star formation rates and the
shape of the resulting galaxy.
These mergers do not resemble the spectacular mergers of blue spiral galaxies
that are featured in several popular Hubble Space Telescope images. But these
red galaxy mergers appear to be much more common. Their ubiquity represents a
direct confirmation of predictions by the most common models for the formation
of large-scale structure in the Universe, with the added benefit of helping
solve the apparent-age problem.
"In the past, people equated stellar age with the age of the galaxy," van Dokkum
explains. "We have found that, though their stars are generally old, the
galaxies that result from these mergers are relatively young."
It is not yet understood why the merging process does not lead to enhanced star
formation in the colliding galaxies. It may be that massive black holes in the
centers of the galaxies provide the energy to heat or expel the gas that needs
to be able to cool in order to form new stars. Ongoing detailed study of the
newly found mergers will provide better insight into the roles that black holes
play in the formation and evolution of galaxies.
A series of images of different galaxies in this study that, taken together,
represent a time sequence of a typical red galaxy merger, is available here.
More information, including an animation of the mergers, is available from Yale
University.
Based in Tucson, AZ, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory (NOAO) consists
of Kitt Peak National Observatory near Tucson, AZ, Cerro Tololo Inter-American
Observatory near La Serena, Chile, and the NOAO Gemini Science Center. NOAO is
operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA)
Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.
Original Source: NOAO News Release
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Dear Docs and friends of medical science,
Adult stem cells 'fusion hope' http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4528954.stm
Scientists believe adult stem cells may be more flexible than first thought.
Embryonic stem cells can become any tissue, but adult ones are limited to the
part of the body they are in. US researchers said evidence had shown adult cells
could be effectively fused with other cells to work elsewhere, New Scientist
magazine reported. The Oregon Health and Science University team said it meant
adult stem cells may be useful in fighting disease, but UK experts were less
sure. Critics of embryonic stem cell research have argued it is not ethical to
create human embryos for stem cells only to destroy them. As a result scientists
- particularly in the US where state funds cannot be used to fund embryonic stem
cell research - have been exploring ways of treating disease with stem cells via
adult cells.
Previous research has shown that adult cells can be fused with cells from other
parts of the body. But because the fused cells contain twice the number of
chromosomes they have trouble dividing, and struggle to replenish damaged
tissue. Markus Grompe, who led the Oregon team, told the American Society for
Cell Biology this week that he had evidence that fused cells could reduce the
number of chromosomes to the normal number. He said the process was called
"reduction divisions" and occurred routinely. The theory is that cells are
pre-programmed to know how many chromosomes they have, and can reduce their
number if they have too many. The researchers have shown that mice with a
disease called tyrosinemia type 1, which causes jaundice and cirrhosis of the
liver, can be cured by infusing their livers with bone marrow stem cells.
Analysis suggested the cells had reverted to the right number of chromosomes -
the first time this had been seen outside of insects. However, why this happened
was not clear. Dr Grompe is now investigating whether it is possible to use a
signalling molecule called insulin-like growth factor 1 to speed up the process,
as it is too slow to be effective on many human conditions.
Disease
Arnold Kriegstein, who heads the Institute for Stem Cell and Tissue Biology at
the University of California, said: "In much of the stem cell field, the promise
is way down the line. "But this is something that has already shown potential."
But Stephen Minger, director of the Stem Cell Biology Laboratory at King's
College London, said fusion had limited potential. "There are few stem cells
that can fuse like this, bone marrow stem cells are one. "But I am not sure how
useful it is to spend time on this, when other sources such as embryonic stem
cells have the potential for much more. "It has to be remembered this is coming
out of the US, there is a political agenda."
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President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
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Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
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From: KutchScience
Dear Docs and friends of medical science,
Tea 'reduces ovarian cancer risk' http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4521964.stm
The risk of developing ovarian cancer can be reduced by drinking tea, a team of
Swedish researchers says.
Karolinska Institute researchers found drinking at least two cups a day cut the
risk by nearly 50%. Antioxidants in tea are thought to be the reason. The team
quizzed over 60,000 women, 301 of whom developed ovarian cancer. The Archives of
Internal Medicine study said more research was needed, and UK experts added
there was still no proof of the benefits. Previous research has shown tea helps
to protect against several types of cancer, and boosts memory.
But the Swedish study is the first to specifically examine the relationship
between tea consumption and ovarian cancer risk. Each year about 6,900 women in
the UK are diagnosed with ovarian cancer, with more than 4,600 deaths annually.
Ovarian cancer is also the fourth most common cause of cancer death in women in
the UK. Researchers questioned 61,057 women aged 40 to 76 about their eating and
drinking habits between 1987 and 1990. The women were followed up until December
2004 to see if they got cancer. The research revealed that 68% of women reported
drinking tea - mainly black tea - at least once a month. During the study a
total of 301 women were diagnosed with ovarian cancer.
Cups
Researchers said they saw a 46% lower risk of ovarian cancer in women who drank
two or more cups of tea per day compared with those who did not drink tea. Women
who drank one cup of tea a day had a 24% reduced risk, while those having less
than one cup had 18% less risk. Lead researcher Susanna Larsson said they had
found no link between coffee consumption and the risk of ovarian cancer, but
added more research was needed.
"In summary, our results from a large population-based cohort of Swedish women
suggest that tea consumption may lower the risk of ovarian cancer. "Because
prospective data on this relationship are scarce, our findings need confirmation
by future studies." Professor Tim Key, professor of epidemiology at Cancer
Research UK, said: "The risk for ovarian cancer is strongly related to hormonal
factors - risk decreases with each child a women has, and risk also decreases
the longer women take the oral contraceptive pill. "As yet there is no clear
evidence that diet affects the risk for this cancer, and although these new
results sound interesting they do not provide firm evidence that tea drinking
has any effect on the risk for ovarian cancer."
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President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
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Dear Docs and friends of medical science,
The secret of 'muscular' old age http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4502862.stm
Scientists believe they have found a way to enable the elderly to maintain
muscle.
Muscle is constantly being built and broken down, which works to maintain a
balance in young adults. But as people age, the breakdown process is more
successful than the muscle-building action. However French researchers, writing
in the Journal of Physiology, say adding the amino acid leucine to old people's
diets could help them keep muscle. UK experts agree, saying the best way to
boost leucine levels is to eat meat.
Slow down
Once adults reach 40, they start to lose between 0.5 and 2% of their muscle each
year. The team from the Human Nutrition Research Centre of Auvergne, in
Clermont-Ferrand, France looked at the behaviour of proteins in muscle. As in
all mammalian tissues, proteins are created (synthesised) from amino acids and
digested (degraded) by enzymes. Straight after a meal, the rate of synthesis
doubles, prompted by the arrival of a large amount of amino acids. The rate of
the breakdown of protein is highest in-between meals.
The difference between the two rates determines how much protein remains in the
muscle. But, in older animals - and, it is believed, includes humans - the amino
acid stimulus prompting synthesis is less effective, and the process slows down.
However, the breakdown of proteins is not, leaving older animals with less
protein than their younger counterparts. The researchers compared protein
breakdown in young (eight-month-old) and old (22-month) rats.
They discovered that the slow down in degradation that normally follows a meal
does not occur in old animals, so there is excessive breakdown. But when the
scientists boosted levels of one amino acid, leucine, the balance of synthesis
and breakdown was restored.
Falls danger
The team, led by Dr Didier Attaix, suggest the protein processing imbalance
which comes with age results from defects in the complex machinery that breaks
down muscle protein, and that leucine supplementation can fully restore correct
function. He said: "Preventing muscle wasting is a major socio-economic and
public health issue, that we may be able to combat with a leucine-rich diet." Dr
Michael Rennie from the University of Nottingham Medical School at Derby told
the BBC News website said more research into the finding was needed. But he said
older people could make changes to their diet now which could help them maintain
muscle.
"If they don't, they can fall over more easily; they can trip downstairs or fall
in the bath." Dr Rennie said older people could act now, even before further
research had been carried out. "Leucine is most abundant in meat, so it makes
sense in terms of protein synthesis to eat meat. "As people get older, they tend
to need to eat less. But people should maintain their protein intake as they
age."
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http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
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Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
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Dear Friends of science and Astronomy,
US group proposes Neptune mission
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/4515752.stm
Neptune and its largest moon, Triton, could be the targets of a major space
mission in the decades ahead, if a group of US researchers gets its way.
The team has put together a concept for a "mothership" and probes that would
investigate the ice giant which orbits some 4.5bn km from the Sun. So far, only
one spacecraft, Voyager 2, has visited Neptune - a flyby in 1989. A mission like
the one being proposed could cost $3-4bn dollars and would probably need
international partners.
"It would also take up the careers of the mission team," said Bernie Bienstock,
a robotic systems project manger with aerospace company Boeing. "It's probably
like an 18-year mission but then there's all the lead time - another 10 years to
do all the selling to Congress and Nasa, and do all the detailed engineering
design. "You're looking at about 30 years from beginning to end."
Captured moon
Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun, beyond Uranus but nearer than Pluto.
Voyager showed us a blue giant with an extremely dynamic atmosphere; its winds
race around the planet at speeds of 300m/sec. Voyager also saw rings - much more
tenuous than Saturn's - and pictured its "great dark spot", a storm system akin
to those familiar in our images of Jupiter. But it is Neptune's largest moon,
Triton, which may be the big pull for science.
It has a surface of fascinating contrasts and geysers of nitrogen. It is
probably not a natural satellite but a captured object which came in from the
furthest reaches of the Solar System. "The moon is geologically active - we've
seen that from Voyager 2's pictures of geysers," said David Atkinson, a
University of Idaho professor. "It's just so different to all the other moons of
Neptune, and the moons of Uranus and Jupiter, and it would make an excellent
comparison with Kuiper Belt objects such as Pluto and its moon, Charon. "It
would provide us with a wealth of information about the origin and evolution of
the outer Solar System."
Risky landing
Bienstock and Atkinson presented their team's concept of a Neptune mission here
at the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting. They propose it become one of
the US space agency's big flagship missions, of the type Nasa can fly only once
a decade because of the scale and cost involved. The concept envisions a
25-tonne spacecraft that would be powered by a nuclear fission reactor and ion
propulsion system. Only this configuration would give the mission the power and
flexibility to reach across the Solar System and complete its science goals.
These would include sending two probes on a collision course with the planet, to
take readings in the atmosphere before being crushed by its pressure. The
mothership would then attempt to put a lander on the surface of 2,700km-wide
Triton. Getting down safely would be a colossal engineering challenge, Bienstock
concedes. "The probe would have a mass of about 500kg - 65% of that is a
propulsion system to slow you down so you don't crash," he explained.
"There is a very thin atmosphere on Triton but there's not enough for parachutes
to slow you down. You've got a lot of engineering overhead just to deliver the
science package." Once down, the lander could sample the chemical properties of
surface materials and send back images of the alien landscape. The whole concept
has been put together under a Nasa Vision Mission contract. This does not
automatically mean, however, that such a mission will get to fly. Its purpose is
to investigate possibilities, to help the agency understand the requirements of
complex projects as it maps out future plans.
Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
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Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
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Dear Docs and friends of medical science,
Hope for resistant asthma therapy http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4507654.stm
A vitamin supplement may help treat asthma patients who do not respond to
standard drugs, research suggests.
People who fail to respond to steroid therapy suffer repeated attacks and are at
a greater risk of dying. A team at King's College London found the vitamin D3
could improve these patients' responsiveness to steroids. The researchers say
their work, published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, could
potentially save patients' lives and NHS resources.
Asthma is usually treated very effectively with inhaled steroids, but for some
patients taking steroid tablets is the only option, even though they can cause
serious side effects. Some people, however, fail to respond even to high doses
of oral steroids. Researcher Professor Tak Lee said: "This research is really
exciting and points the direction towards potential new strategies for reversing
steroid resistance.
"This has major implications for how to treat patients with severe asthma and
could also substantially reduce the use of NHS resources."
Immune response
The team's results imply that steroid treatment works, at least in part, by
inducing the T-cells of the immune system to synthesise a secreted signalling
molecule, called IL-10. This molecule can inhibit the immune responses that
cause the symptoms of allergic and asthmatic disease. Unlike T-cells from
healthy individuals, or patients that respond to steroids, T-cells taken from
patients who are steroid resistant do not produce IL-10 when cultured in vitro
with the steroid, dexamethasone. However, the researchers found that when
vitamin D3 was added to the culture medium along with dexamethasone, this defect
was reversed.
The researchers gave daily vitamin D3 supplements to people with asthma who were
unresponsive to steroids for seven days. Blood tests showed the patients'
T-cells were more responsive to dexamethasone after they had taken the
supplement.
Further work needed
Lead researcher Dr Catherine Hawrylowicz said: "At the moment we only have a
preliminary experimental observation. "We now need to test the benefits of this
treatment in the clinic, and we are currently putting a proposal together to
carry out this work. "Interestingly, vitamin D3 is at present occasionally
administered to patients with severe asthma to help prevent steroid-induced
osteoporosis. "Our studies suggest that there is an additional potential benefit
to this treatment."
Dr Lyn Smurthwaite, research development manager at Asthma UK, said:
"Two-point-six million people in the UK have severe asthma symptoms, many of
whom have restricted treatment options available to them as they do not respond
to conventional steroid therapy. "This research opens up a potentially important
new avenue for developing treatments for people with difficult to control
asthma."
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http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
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Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
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Dear Friends of science and Astronomy,
SuratAstronomyClub VEDicScienceMaths bhavnagarastronomyclub
MahuvaAstronomyClub
Meteor may appear on film
http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,17464899-39555,00.html December 05, 2005
WESTERN Australia's chief meteorite expert is hopeful a prototype camera network
will help him track down a meteor which lit up the skies of WA over the weekend.
Astronomers believe the meteorite, flashing brightly and sending out sonic
booms, smashed into the earth's atmosphere about 300km southeast of Perth at
8.47pm (WST) Saturday. The spectacle was reported in WA's north, as far east as
Kalgoorlie - nearly 500km from Perth - and in the south at Albany, more than
400km from the capital.
While thousands of people reported seeing and hearing the meteor fly overhead,
authorities have little idea where it landed, with thousands of square
kilometres of West Australian territory virtually uninhabited. Despite the lack
of witnesses, Dr Alex Bevan, curator of meteorology at Western Australian
Museum, has high hopes that an experimental horizon-wide camera network will
help him pinpoint the meteorite's landing zone.
"I would go and look for it right now, but I wouldn't have any idea where to
start," Dr Bevan said. "Western Australia is a huge place. Even if we narrowed
it down to an area of five square kilometres, it would take me three weeks to
search it." The answer may lie with an experimental camera system currently
being installed on the Nullabor Plain. A joint project between WA Museum,
London's Imperial College and a similar project in the Czech Republic, the
cameras have been successfully trialled for the past 18 months in WA's eastern
goldfields. Each night the camera exposes a plate that takes a picture of the
heavens from horizon to horizon. Dr Bevan said if the cameras had been assembled
in time, there is a chance the meteor was caught on film, and its crash zone
could be found by combining the data from the three cameras.
"Each plate is a record of what happens each night - we would be able to work
out the velocity, direction and possible landing zone of the meteor," Dr Bevan
said. Even if a landing site could be determined, the odds aren't high that the
meteorite could be found. After all, unless you see it hit the ground, a
meteorite looks like just another rock. "Meteorites can lose 80% of their mass
upon hitting the Earth's atmosphere," Dr Bevan said. "The fireball produced is
much bigger than the meteorite, but even though it can be quite frightening,
this was not a crater-producing event." Dr Bevan says more than 7000
"recoverable" meteorites fall to Earth each year. If everything goes to plan, Dr
Bevan hopes to go hunting for the meteorite sometime next week.
Forwarded by Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Docs and friends of medical science,
Virus clue to cervical cancer jab @
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4491990.stm
Scientists have unravelled the body's immune response to a virus which causes
most cases of cervical cancer. They hope their work on the human papilloma
virus (HPV) could aid efforts to develop a cervical cancer vaccine.
The research shows patients able to rid HPV from their system have a different
immune response to those who cannot combat it and go on to develop cancer. The
study, by the University of Birmingham, was published in the British Journal of
Cancer. Cervical cancer is the second most common female cancer worldwide, with
an estimated 500,000 new cases diagnosed each year. In 2002 the disease caused
1,120 deaths in the UK alone. Vaccines are likely to play an important role in
helping us control certain cancers in the future
The Birmingham study, funded by Cancer Research UK, focused on 41 women, some
who had HPV infection, and others with cervical cancer. The researchers measured
the response of immune system cells to proteins from the most common type of
HPV.
Researcher Dr Jane Steele said: "We found that the patients with pre-cancerous
lesions most likely to progress to cervical cancer showed less immune activity
from a population of immune cells called helper T cells than the women who were
at much less risk. "This could mean that helper T cells, which are known to play
a central role in the immune response, are critical in disease progression.
"Vaccines aimed to re-activate helper T cell responses to the relevant proteins
should be considered."
Professor John Toy, medical director of Cancer Research UK, said: "Vaccines are
likely to play an important role in helping us control certain cancers in the
future and scientists are hopeful that vaccines against HPV might be able to
prevent cervical cancer altogether.
"This research opens up new avenues of investigation for the development of
possibly better vaccines." There are more than 70 different types of HPV, of
which only some are linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer. The current
study focused on HPV 16, which is present in up to 70% of cervical cancers.
Forwarded by Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear friends of Archaeology and science,
There are about more than hundred archaeological sites in Kutch (Harappan /
Indus / sarasvati ). amongst Dholavira and Kuran Moti are well-known and some
are Khedoi , Lakhapar and kali Ramvav near RAMVAV in Rapar. Jhura Kotadi,
Meghpar GadhWARI wadi, Sukhpar Bajariyo nearZadko - Zadki, Surkotada ,
MadKotada, RaparGADH, and so ....on.
and archaeologists are attracted to the places of the name with Kotada - kotadi
eithet it may be a Kotada - kotadi of Dholavira or kotada jadodar, Kotada
sangani, kotada Roha, Kotada Bhadli, Kotada mad, Kotada chakar or any kotada/
kotadi and also to the GADH eg GADHWARI WADI, Bajario GADH, Bajariyu Gaam,
GUJARAT (HARAPPAN PERIOD) DISTRICT: KUTCH
Chitrol 23.24N - 70.40E
Desalpur 23.29N - 69.10E
Dholvira (Kotadi) 23.58N - 70.12E
Gadhwaliwadi 23.30N - 69.03E
Gunthai 23.28N - 69.09E
Jatavadar 23.45N - 70.40E
Kanthkot 23.29N - 70.29E
Kerasi 23.40N - 70.44E
Khakhra Dera 23.34N - 70.29E
Khari-Ka-Khanda 23.27N - 70.19E
Khedoi 23.03N - 69.57E
Kotada Bhadli 1 23.22N - 69.26E
Kotada Bhadli 2 23.22N - 69.26E
Kotada 23.17N - 70.06E
Kotadi 23.58N - 70.12E
Kotara-Juni-Karan 24.00N - 69.45E
Lakhapar 23.33N - 70.28E
Lakhpat 23.50N - 68.47E
Morvo 23.50N - 70.42E
Narapa 23.34N - 69.05E
Nenu-Ni-Dhar 23.51N - 69.44E
Pirwada 23.20N - 70.00E
Pabunath 23.38N - 70.31E
Rampara (Vekera No Timbo) 23.30N - 70.45E
Ramvav 23.32N - 70.28E
Samaghoga 22.55N - 69.40E
Selari 22.42N - 70.37E
Surkotada 23.37N - 70.50E
Todio 23.05N - 69.55E
Vada 23.34N - 69.03E
We were on the tour for geo- archaeological expedition of different areas of the
Kutch. We seen many fossil sites near this areas, Near Matana Mad and Murchaban
is MadKotada (Harappan Brick foundation) visiting the site we found the ancient
brick foundation which is not today's tradition. such a square bricks were used
in harappan time. so we decided to have a close look and we found the
surprising results.
Satellite Map Of the Area of rivers of MATANOMAD, MAD KOTADA and MURCHABAN
View of the Ancient bricks and - its Colse up of bricks found
(Harappan Brick foundation found) near MAD KOTADA and MURCHABAN
If Pictures are not visible - one can send a mail request for pictures and all
picture will be uploaded in groups section MADKOTADA
Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
From: KutchScience
To: drdilip@... ; drdjpatel@... ; drdvyas@... ;
drmaltigupta@... ; drpddoshi19@... ; drprpatel@... ;
drsahai@... ; drskb@... ; 'Dr.S.K.Takker-Baran' ;
'Dr.Upendra Vasavda - Mehsana' ; 'Dr.H.L.Udeshi' ; Narendra ;
narendragor@... ; HinduKrantivir@...; arun_ad1 ; 'Sunil Mankad' ;
'Vinay Toprani' ; 'Ashish Desai' ; Bhadrayu Vaishnav ; Binoy Jani ; kirti_jv ;
himanshu_zaveri ; 'Salila Bhanshali' ; pappusoneji ; Trushar Vaishnav
Sent: Friday, November 25, 2005 12:09 PM
Subject: Dakshina Rhudayo - dakshina no arth Jamni Baju pan thay..
Namashkar,
Gujarati Mail
Anhi Bhagvan Varah avtar nu varnan karta visheshno vapari ne kahyu chhe ke
Rhuday dakhina chhe ane shradhdhha satya thi sabahr vibhu yogi chhe. ane jo
dakshina - no jamani baju nu arth ghatan thay to - Jenu Rhuday Jamani baju chhe
teva, jevo arth nikde. ane jo Murti sthapan purvabhimukh thayu hoy to
"Prathamam Dakshinam - iti PraDakshinam" means Pradakshina Jamni baju thi devano
arth pan sarthak thay.
Samanya rite manvi nu rhuday Dabi baju hoy - vama- dabi baju, pan apvad case ma
1/100000 thi pan ochha case ma te jamni baju hoy chhe. te medical condition
"Dextro cardiac" condition kahevay chhe ane bhagyej jova mali sake. "Dextro
cardiac" means jenu rhuday jamani baju chhe teva. to su Purano ma aatlu detailed
medical science ni visheshta explain karvama aavi chhe. to purano ne have vadhu
detail thi fari vanchan ane arth ghatan karvani jarur padse.
Biju sanskrit dictionary page ma Dakshina - (ind word) - On he right ot the
south batavelu chhe. tem chata sanskrit na pradhyapak no abhipray pan levo joise
mate tamne aa mahiti moklu chhu. ane Bhuj na sanskrit na proffesor - Kashyap
Trivedi - ke AAPNA Jankar Sanskrit Gyani no sampark kari tenu arth ghatan mane
mokalva vinanti chhe.
Subject: dakshina - on the right
Picture of Ramkund has carving information under the statues. we need to
identify them. If picture is not attached - reply for a mail request - pictures
will be loaded in the groups photo sections. try to read the carving under each
of statues. OR Visit the Place and try to read there with BINOCULAR CLOSE LOOK.
PLEASE GIVE YOUR CLUES AND OPINION/FEEDBACK Of ANY EVIDENCES FOUND AT THE PLACE
WITH YOUR PERSONAL VISITS THERE LOCALLY AT THE RAMKUND AND TEMPLE OF THE SUN IN
THE SATYANARAYAN TEMPLE.
Forwarded by Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
From: KutchScience
To: 'Dr.H.L.Udeshi' ; 'Dr.Mahesh Punjabi - Kota' ; 'Dr.Shashiben Vani -
Ahmedabad' ; 'Dr.Upendra Vasavda - Mehsana' ; 'Dr.S.K.Takker-Baran' ;
drskb@... ; drsahai@... ; drprpatel@... ;
drpddoshi19@... ; drmaltigupta@... ; drdvyas@... ;
drdjpatel@... ; drdilip@... ; Ashapura ; jairam oza ; jyotsana ;
mgthakkar ;
Sent: Wednesday, November 23, 2005 2:14 PM
Subject: Mitochondrial DNA diversity among five tribal populations of southern
India & cenozoic coralline algal assemblage from southwestern Kutch and its
importance in palaeoenvironment and palaeobathymetry
RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
cenozoic coralline algal assemblage from southwestern Kutch and its importance
in palaeoenvironment and palaeobathymetry
Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 University Road, Lucknow 226 007,
India
Little contribution has been made on the study of coralline algae from the
Cenozoic sediments of southwestern Kutch. Some of the limestone units belonging
to Oligocene and Miocene sediments of southwestern Kutch were known to be
potential sources for the recovery of coralline algae. There are some reports on
the occurrence of coralline red algae from the early Oligocene, late Oligocene
and early Lower Miocene rocks of southwestern Kutch. Taxonomic revision of
majority of these taxa has to be made following the diagnostic characters used
in present-day taxonomy. Presently, the extinct coralline algae are being
studied based on new anatomical characters applicable to extant coralline algae.
The present study has been carried out following current methodology of
taxonomic consideration on freshly collected samples from the late Oligocene
(Chattian) limestone belonging to Bermoti Member of Maniyara Fort Formation. The
assemblage is dominated by the genera Lithophyllum and Mesophyllum. Both these
taxa have been analysed with the concept of open nomenclature. Attempts have
been made to interpret the palaeoenvironment and palaeobathymetry based on the
analysis of recovered algal assemblage. The distribution pattern of coralline
red algae recorded so far from the Cenozoic sediments of southwestern Kutch has
been summarized.
Mitochondrial DNA diversity among five tribal populations of southern India
Deepa H. Vishwanathan?, Sangita Roy #,M. V. Usha Rani?,* and Partha P. Majumder?
?Division of Genetics, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar
University, Coimbatore 641 046, India #Human Genetics and Genomics Division,
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700 032, India? Anthropology and
Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700 035, India
Mitochondrial DNA diversity among five tribal populations of southern India
Deepa Edwin?, H.
Vishwanathan?, Sangita Roy#, M. V. Usha Rani?,* and Partha P. Majumder?
?Division of Genetics, Department of Environmental Sciences, Bharathiar
University, Coimbatore 641 046, India #Human Genetics and Genomics Division,
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700 032, India ?Anthropology and
Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700 035, India
DNA samples from 160 unrelated individuals belonging to five Dravidian tribal
populations of southern India were analysed for ten mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
restriction site polymorphisms (RSPs) and
one insertion/deletion polymorphism. There is extensive sharing of mtDNA
haplotypes among all the
tribal populations studied, indicating that there was a small female founding
population in India. The 9-bp
deletion analysed was observed only in the Kadar population with a low
frequency. The Asian-specific haplogroup M is found at a higher frequency in all
the populations, thus supporting the hypothesis that this haplogroup arose in
India and was carried to Africa from India. Haplogroup U is also found in all
the populations and it is consistent with the theory that Dravidian-speaking
populations were more widespread in India and that the Aryan-speakers pushed
them to their present habitat.
CONTEMPORARY ethnic populations of India manifest a great deal of biological and
cultural variability1. Based on cultural patterns, the tribal populations of
India are clearly distinguished from the non-tribal groups, such as the
populations belonging to the Hindu caste fold. The tribals constitute about
8.08% (2001 census) of the total Indian population. They are considered to be
the original inhabitants of India. Tribals may represent relic populations of
unknown origin, but potentially of great genetic interest2. The origins and
migrational histories of the tribal populations of the Indian subcontinent are
not clearly understood. Some tribal populations of southern India bear many
Negroid physical characteristics3,4, and may therefore be the representatives
arriving in India on an ancient wave of out-of-Africa migration. Most ethnic
populations of southern India are linguistically Dravidian. Some researchers
have proposed that the contemporary Dravidian-speaking tribes of southern and
central India may be descendants of the original inhabitants of the Indian
subcontinent5, although we have recently provided genomic evidence that the
Dravidian-speaking tribals may have arrived in India after the Austro-Asiatic
speaking tribals.
Forwarded by Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
As year 2004 have an Extra month of Shavan which comes every 3 years 1857 has an
extra month too. (2004-1857= 147and 147/3 =49 ) so Diwali is in Mid November. so
30 October may be the AaSO month and 4 October may be Bhadrapada.
In that case 30 Oct 1857 was AaSO SUD Baras as full moon is after 3 days and 4
Oct 1857 be full moon of Bhadrapada.
If there after any 3rd year did not miss the sequence of extra month - which may
happen some time where extra month may come on second year and in that case 1857
may not be a year with an extra month and in that case Diwali may come earlier
add a month number to above months.
In that case 30 Oct 1857 was Kartik SUD Baras as full moon is after 3 days . and
4 Oct 1857 be full SHARD POONAM.
2061- 2005 = 56 years difference so 1857 was 1857 +56 = 1913 vikram sanvant. In
this year there was a drought in KUTCH and probably an DIKAD MA ADHIK MAHINO.
Planetary information of the days 4 Oct1857 and 30 Octo1857 as on 00:01:00
Information about Moon
30 Oct 1857 00:01:00 (Julian day number 2399617.27153)
Local Information
Apparent topocentric coordinates for the epoch of date
Right ascension: 23h 27m 12.86s
Declination: -4° 16' 11.6"
Constellation: Aquarius
Altitude: 47° 25' 59"
Azimuth: 234° 33' 48"
Hour angle: 2h 14m 15s
Rise: 16h 19m 37s
Transit: 22h 32m 27s
Set: 3h 50m 45s
Star atlas chart numbers
Herald-Bobroff Astroatlas: Chart C-39
Millennium Star Atlas: Charts 1303-1304 (Vol III)
Sky Atlas 2000.0: Chart 17
Uranometria 2000: Chart 259, Vol 1 and 2
Geocentric Information
Apparent geocentric coordinates for the epoch of date
Right ascension: 23h 29m 13.640s
Declination: -3° 49' 58.06"
True distance: 370766.7 Km
Horizontal parallax: 3548.46"
Physical Information
Magnitude: -11.5
Phase: 0.855
Phase angle: 44.8°
Elongation: 135.1°
Diameter: 1958.89"
Light time: 0h 0m 1.2s
Mass: 7.3483e+022 kg (0.0123 x Earth)
Mean equatorial radius: 1734.4 km (0.2719 x Earth)
Maximum angular diameter: 1864.2"
Minimum geocentric distance: 0.00257 AU
Geometric flattening: 0
Sidereal rotation period: 27d 7h 43m 11s
Mean density: 3.34 g/cm^3
Geometric albedo: 0.12
Events for Friday 30 Oct 1857
Time Event
00:55 Pluto transits the meridian
00:58 Jupiter transits the meridian
02:03 Uranus transits the meridian
03:31 Mars rises
03:39 Neptune sets
03:51 Moon sets
04:49 Venus rises
05:39 Start of astronomical twilight
06:01 Mercury rises
06:06 Start of nautical twilight
06:20 Saturn transits the meridian
06:32 Start of civil twilight
06:52 Pluto sets
06:55 Sun rises
07:23 Jupiter sets
08:39 Uranus sets
09:42 Mars transits the meridian
10:49 Venus transits the meridian
11:51 Mercury transits the meridian
12:35 Sun transits the meridian
12:58 Saturn sets
15:49 Neptune rises
15:53 Mars sets
16:20 Moon rises
16:49 Venus sets
17:40 Mercury sets
18:15 Sun sets
18:28 Jupiter rises
18:38 End of civil twilight
18:53 Pluto rises
19:05 End of nautical twilight
19:22 Uranus rises
19:31 End of astronomical twilight
21:42 Neptune transits the meridian
22:32 Moon transits the meridian
23:38 Saturn rises
Information about Moon
04 Oct 1857 00:01:00 (Julian day number 2399591.27153)
Local Information
Apparent topocentric coordinates for the epoch of date
Right ascension: 0h 44m 12.52s
Declination: +5° 53' 31.4"
Constellation: Pisces
Altitude: 69° 46' 33"
Azimuth: 145° 38' 43"
Hour angle: 23h 14m 45s
Rise: 19h 5m 47s
Transit: 0h 47m 2s
Set: 7h 13m 34s
Star atlas chart numbers
Herald-Bobroff Astroatlas: Chart C-56
Millennium Star Atlas: Charts 243-244 (Vol I)
Sky Atlas 2000.0: Chart 10
Uranometria 2000: Chart 172, Vol 1
Geocentric Information
Apparent geocentric coordinates for the epoch of date
Right ascension: 0h 43m 28.609s
Declination: +6° 11' 10.57"
True distance: 363159.0 Km
Horizontal parallax: 3622.80"
Physical Information
Magnitude: -12.7
Phase: 1.000
Phase angle: 2.4°
Elongation: 177.6°
Diameter: 2007.38"
Light time: 0h 0m 1.2s
Mass: 7.3483e+022 kg (0.0123 x Earth)
Mean equatorial radius: 1734.4 km (0.2719 x Earth)
Maximum angular diameter: 1864.2"
Minimum geocentric distance: 0.00257 AU
Geometric flattening: 0
Sidereal rotation period: 27d 7h 43m 11s
Mean density: 3.34 g/cm^3
Geometric albedo: 0.12
Events for Sunday 04 Oct 1857
Time Event
00:47 Moon transits the meridian
01:19 Saturn rises
02:39 Pluto transits the meridian
02:52 Jupiter transits the meridian
03:48 Uranus transits the meridian
04:03 Mars rises
04:13 Venus rises
05:23 Neptune sets
05:29 Start of astronomical twilight
05:56 Start of nautical twilight
06:22 Mercury rises
06:22 Start of civil twilight
06:44 Sun rises
07:14 Moon sets
07:57 Saturn transits the meridian
08:36 Pluto sets
09:19 Jupiter sets
10:25 Uranus sets
10:25 Mars transits the meridian
10:33 Venus transits the meridian
12:16 Mercury transits the meridian
12:40 Sun transits the meridian
14:36 Saturn sets
16:46 Mars sets
16:53 Venus sets
17:33 Neptune rises
18:12 Mercury sets
18:36 Sun sets
18:59 End of civil twilight
19:06 Moon rises
19:25 End of nautical twilight
19:51 End of astronomical twilight
20:20 Jupiter rises
20:37 Pluto rises
21:08 Uranus rises
23:26 Neptune transits the meridian
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Shri Yashesh Chhaya,
Very good, presently I have plenty of pictures which I can send you all. and I
wish some one in Bhuj - Kutch go there and do try to sort this out with help of
members of kutch itihas parishad, Dilip vaidya and umiyashankar Ajani. I also
advised Bharatba jadeja to take more close ups in Digicam and also to Mr Arvind
Nathani who is taking photographs for KutchMitra. I also attach few more carving
picture which I did not send before.
From Yours :- Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
Sent: Wednesday, November 09, 2005 3:47 PM
Subject: Re: Picture of Ramkund has carving information under the statues.
Dear Dr. Bhudia,
The photos of ramkund carving have stirred up my imaginations. We must preserve
and restore the unique heritage of our mother land . I am planning to go to
kutch in December and have a strong desire to collect a video footage so that we
can run a campaign later on.
I am sure someone must be having some historical facts and figure about ramkund
and its origin. Pl. do let me know.
Lastly, your dedication and drive is admirable and you count on our support.
Sincerely
Yash Chhaya
Kutchi Madu
Chicago, USA
Sent: Fri, 4 Nov 2005 07:56:52 -0000
Subject: Picture of Ramkund has carving information under the statues.
From: KutchScience
To: bhujkutch ; bhuj ; kachchh ; kutchastronomersclub ; kutchscience2 ;
kutchsciencefoundation ; madhapar ; scienceclubofindia ; kutchScience ;
bombaysamachar ; mail@gujaratindia ; hiren soni ; sandesh ; thehindu@...
Sent: Friday, November 04, 2005 7:55 AM
Subject: Picture of Ramkund has carving information under the statues.
Picture of Ramkund has carving information under the statues.
we need to identify them. If picture is not attached - reply for a mail request
- pictures will be loade in the groups photo sections.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Please send your interpretation to us. -
VED KYA KAHATE HAI? VARAH AVATAR ka BHAGAVAN HARIJI "DAXINA RHUDYO !" shlock 18
- page 51 - Brahmand Puran part 1
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
18 VEDAs and 4 PURANs for free downloads from BADRIKEDAR.COM @
http://www.vedpuran.com/download.asp
Click on the Link below to Download the book of Purans
and Ved
Agni | Bhagvat | Bhavishya | Brahma | Brahmand-1 |
Brahmand-2 | Garuda | Kurma |
Ling | Markandya | Matsya-1 | Matsya-2 | Narad |
Narsimha | Padma | Shiv | Skand
Vaivatra | Vaman | Varah | Vishnu
Atharva Ved-1 | Atharva Ved-2 | Rig Ved | Sam Ved
| Yajur Ved
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
From: KutchScience
To: 'Dr.H.L.Udeshi' ; 'Dr.M.Azim Sheth' ; 'Dr.Mahesh Punjabi - Kota' ;
'Dr.Shashiben Vani - Ahmedabad' ; 'Dr.Upendra Vasavda - Mehsana' ;
ac54p@... ; 'Dr.S.K.Takker-Baran' ; drskb@... ;
drsahai@... ; drprpatel@... ; drpddoshi19@... ;
drmaltigupta@... ; drdvyas@... ; drdjpatel@... ;
drdilip@... ; 'Dr.Arun Parikh - Himmatnagar'
Sent: Sunday, November 06, 2005 9:00 AM
Subject: Edible vaccines 'to replace jabs'
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4393854.stm
Dear Docs,
One in three adults has some form of allergy
An edible allergy vaccine could one day replace injections, a study says.
Jabs, which build up antibodies are used to treat severe forms of
hay-fever and cat and venom allergies, but can sometimes trigger dangerous
reactions.
The Japanese researchers said the rice-based vaccine they tested on mice
is less dangerous and more simple.
They wrote in the journal Proceedings Of The National Academy of Sciences
that it "opens new possibilities" for allergy treatment in the future.
One in four people are estimated to suffer from allergies, ranging from
reactions to food to respiratory and skin allergies.
Courses of injections have to be tightly monitored in hospital so
anything that offers the hope of an easier and safer way to give them is to be
welcomed
Muriel Simmons, of Allergy UK
Most can be controlled by regulating diet and the immediate environment -
or drugs can be taken to limit the symptoms.
But for severe hay-fever and cat allergies, as well as for people with
particularly bad reactions to bee and wasp stings, courses of anti-allergy
injections can be given.
These can take a couple of years to complete and have to be done in
hospital because of the danger of the allergens given in the jabs prompting an
anaphylactic reaction - injections all but stopped for a while in the UK in the
1980s because of a number of deaths.
The vaccine developed by the joint University of Tokyo and Shimane
University team uses genetically-modified rice to build up the immune system.
Risk
The oral vaccine contains only part of the allergen in comparison to
traditional injections and therefore carry less risk of a bad reaction, the
study said.
In the tests on mice allergic to cedar pollen, those taking the rice
vaccine for four weeks showed fewer allergic responses and sneezed less.
Report co-author Hidenori Takagi said the findings "open new
possibilities" for the treatment of allergies.
And he added: "Plant-based vaccines have several potential advantages over
traditional whole-allergen injected vaccines since they are simpler to
administer and cheaper to produce."
But he said more research was needed before a human vaccine could be
produced.
Muriel Simmons, chief executive of Allergy UK, said more research was
needed into treating allergies.
"Courses of injections have to be tightly monitored in hospital so
anything that offers the hope of an easier and safer way to give them is to be
welcomed."
Forwarded by Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/tvradio/programmes/horizon/ghostgenes.shtml
The Ghost in Your Genes
The scientists who believe your genes are shaped in part by your
ancestors' life experiences.
Biology stands on the brink of a shift in the understanding of
inheritance. The discovery of epigenetics - hidden influences upon the genes -
could affect every aspect of our lives.
At the heart of this new field is a simple but contentious idea - that
genes have a 'memory'. That the lives of your grandparents - the air they
breathed, the food they ate, even the things they saw - can directly affect you,
decades later, despite your never experiencing these things yourself. And that
what you do in your lifetime could in turn affect your grandchildren.
The conventional view is that DNA carries all our heritable information
and that nothing an individual does in their lifetime will be biologically
passed to their children. To many scientists, epigenetics amounts to a heresy,
calling into question the accepted view of the DNA sequence - a cornerstone on
which modern biology sits.
Epigenetics adds a whole new layer to genes beyond the DNA. It proposes a
control system of 'switches' that turn genes on or off - and suggests that
things people experience, like nutrition and stress, can control these switches
and cause heritable effects in humans.
In a remote town in northern Sweden there is evidence for this radical
idea. Lying in Överkalix's parish registries of births and deaths and its
detailed harvest records is a secret that confounds traditional scientific
thinking. Marcus Pembrey, a Professor of Clinical Genetics at the Institute of
Child Health in London, in collaboration with Swedish researcher Lars Olov
Bygren, has found evidence in these records of an environmental effect being
passed down the generations. They have shown that a famine at critical times in
the lives of the grandparents can affect the life expectancy of the
grandchildren. This is the first evidence that an environmental effect can be
inherited in humans.
In other independent groups around the world, the first hints that there
is more to inheritance than just the genes are coming to light. The mechanism by
which this extraordinary discovery can be explained is starting to be revealed.
Professor Wolf Reik, at the Babraham Institute in Cambridge, has spent
years studying this hidden ghost world. He has found that merely manipulating
mice embryos is enough to set off 'switches' that turn genes on or off.
For mothers like Stephanie Mullins, who had her first child by in vitro
fertilisation, this has profound implications. It means it is possible that the
IVF procedure caused her son Ciaran to be born with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
- a rare disorder linked to abnormal gene expression. It has been shown that
babies conceived by IVF have a three- to four-fold increased chance of
developing this condition.
And Reik's work has gone further, showing that these switches themselves
can be inherited. This means that a 'memory' of an event could be passed through
generations. A simple environmental effect could switch genes on or off - and
this change could be inherited.
His research has demonstrated that genes and the environment are not
mutually exclusive but are inextricably intertwined, one affecting the other.
The idea that inheritance is not just about which genes you inherit but
whether these are switched on or off is a whole new frontier in biology. It
raises questions with huge implications, and means the search will be on to find
what sort of environmental effects can affect these switches.
After the tragic events of September 11th 2001, Rachel Yehuda, a
psychologist at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York, studied the
effects of stress on a group of women who were inside or near the World Trade
Center and were pregnant at the time. Produced in conjunction with Jonathan
Seckl, an Edinburgh doctor, her results suggest that stress effects can pass
down generations. Meanwhile research at Washington State University points to
toxic effects - like exposure to fungicides or pesticides - causing biological
changes in rats that persist for at least four generations.
This work is at the forefront of a paradigm shift in scientific thinking.
It will change the way the causes of disease are viewed, as well as the
importance of lifestyles and family relationships. What people do no longer just
affects themselves, but can determine the health of their children and
grandchildren in decades to come. "We are," as Marcus Pembrey says, "all
guardians of our genome."
** The Sky at Night **
Patrick Moore reports on the current close approach of Mars to Earth.
Sunday 6 November, 11.50pm BBC One (N.Ireland: 20 minutes later). Also Tuesday 8
November, 8.30pm BBC Four or Saturday 12 November, 12.50pm BBC Two
http://www.bbc.co.uk/skyatnight
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Subject: New Moons of Pluto
Pluto has not only one but three moons going round of it found by hubble.
WISH YOU ALL A VERY Happy DIWALI WITH HAPPY NEW YEAR TO YOU ALL FRIENDS AND
FAMILY MEMBERS.
FROM YOURS
DR Bhudia
NASA Science News for November 1, 2005
Using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers have discovered that Pluto may
have not one, but three moons.
FULL STORY at
http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2005/01nov_moonsofpluto.htm?list17942
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Partial Eclipse of the Moon
Site information
Latitude:
23° 15' 48" N
Longitude:
69° 49' 58" E
Height above sea level:
Bhuj has more height in metres
Time zone:
5h 30m ahead of UT
Visibility
The eclipse is partially visible from this location.
Circumstances of the Eclipse
Moon enters penumbra:
2005 Oct 17 15:21:26
Moon enters umbra:
2005 Oct 17 17:04:00
Maximum eclipse:
2005 Oct 17 17:33:19
Moon leaves umbra:
2005 Oct 17 18:02:27
Moon leaves penumbra:
2005 Oct 17 19:45:09
Magnitude and Duration
Umbral magnitude:
0.068
Penumbral magnitude:
1.084
Duration of umbral phase:
0h 58m 27s
Duration of penumbral phase:
4h 23m 42s
Moon's Altitude
Moon enters penumbra:
-37.5°
Moon enters umbra:
-16.8°
Maximum eclipse:
-10.6°
Moon leaves umbra:
-4.3°
Moon leaves penumbra:
18.5°
Position Angles
Position angles, measured from the north point of the Moon's disk
First contact of penumbra:
101.4°
First contact of umbra:
137.3°
Last contact of umbra:
168.3°
Last contact of penumbra:
204.2°
Moon in the Zenith
The Moon is in the zenith at the following geographical positions
Moon enters penumbra:
09°40'N 153°04'W
Moon enters umbra:
10°07'N 177°51'W
Maximum eclipse:
10°15'N 175°03'E
Moon leaves umbra:
10°23'N 168°01'E
Moon leaves penumbra:
10°50'N 143°11'E
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
From: KutchScience
Sent: Thursday, October 13, 2005 3:47 PM
Dear Friends of Science and Archaeology,
Subject :- New Sarasvati Civilisation found in ZURA (KOTADI) of KUTCH -
Megalithic SAMADHIs (Graves) of Zura Kotadi and potteries and bones
Zura (Jhura/Jhuran) is situated North West of BHUJ (23:24N - 68:55E) is known
place for its Geology and History as it says Zura - (Fall due to seismic
activity at Jhuran fault) of the Kutch.
But its Geology is also associated with its archaeology and civilisation in that
area. Though not much known of the place but local people are aware of the story
of those places but far away from the knowledge of Archaeological and Geological
importance as the area remained unexplored.
2km South and SE region of the Village is the Place called "KOTADI" as many
civilisation names. Area has big elevated area TIMBO having stone wall around
but hidden underneath. On exploration many of the Pottery found in the area
including toys parts and pottery of two different varieties - Red as usual as
also black - as in the area of RAMVAV and LAKHAPAR region civilisation in VAGAD
- RAPAR area.
Rivers in this region all flows from South to North - from slops of the Jhuran
Mountain slopes towards the Banni planes where there used to be a lake of the
water of the rivers Sarasvati and sindhu waters in the Rann of KUTCH.
About 1 Km East of that KOTADI area is the place of the Mystery graves. I would
say rather SAMADHIs as I have explained it before as they are the SAMADHIs is a
sitting posture and are kept open on the east side of those as are kept in
Samadhi rules as explained by Mahant Shree Kishordasji.
Many of such Samadhi are about some distance from the civilisation area as in
the Case of GADHVARI VADI civilisation (Meghpar)- one of samadhi was in
KHANDERVARI VADI.
Specimens collected from the region confirms those civilisation and Megalithic
Samadhis in the region says those to be 2000 BC.
Similar type of Mystery graves of Mystery Shapes (shapes are given to the body
shapes) are also in JANGADIA - ABADASA NALIYA -LAKHPAT way. those are also
Megalithic times graves.
I would prefer to say those Megalithic SAMADHIs as that can not be defined as an
ordinary graves. I also took an expert opinions from Mahant shree Kishordasji of
kabir Mandir BHUJ as he is well known personality of the subjects regarding
SAMADHIs. We went together there to identify those, and local observation showed
that those places has become an open spaces now as a result of environment and
weather. and shows skull bones opened from the top side and not the Limb bones.
so Those are defined as Sitting SAMADHIs. and east side of those SAMADHIs kept
open as seen shadows towards east in the Evening pictures.
prominent for the region's prehistoric population. Circular graves dating to c.
3000 BC are dotted . stone piled up a round -shaped chamber the site of the
first archaeological excavation when several circular, collective tombs like
those were excavated. The excavation of a settlement confirmed the importance
of the locale and for this reason the period c. 2500-2000 BC.
They are typical of burial mounds of about 2000 BC where the cremated remains of
the community's elders would have been buried. "Carbon dating should confirm
that the burial mound dates to about 2000BC," This means the Bronze Age
graveyard dates back . They have already found a piece of pottery containing the
remains of burnt shells. "It is possible that the enclosure could date as far
back as 3000 BC," "But we need to find more pottery that has decoration so we
can provide a more accurate date to the site."
Megalithic tombs research has a long history, inextricably linked with the
development of archaeology itself. In the beginning (2400 b.c.-1200 A.D.)
interest in for such interest consisted primarily of superstitious awe and
religious inspiration. Beyond this, the curiosity of unknown prehistoric
individuals can only be imagined.
However, many terms describing megalithic architecture were first recorded.
During the Culture History and subsequent periods the Some felt that the
chronology only needed minor adjustments and that new tomb excavations and large
catalogs would explain the evolution of the tombs. Surprisingly the advent of
C14 dating in the fifties, which revolutionized archaeology in many parts of the
world, had little effect on dating tombs, C14 dates began to hint at the real
antiquity of the tombs, but ceramic analysis continued to play the major role.
the relative chronology. Difficulties in various regional ceramic typologies
were isolated and efforts have been made to overcome incongruencies between the
typological method used for ceramics, problems in C14 dating, and theories on
megalithic tomb evolution. and related pottery contributed. The origin of
megalithic tombs , graves has been a matter of debate for centuries. The Eastern
Tomb Origin Theory is currently not persuasive. The western origin is tainted by
the diffusionists' mind-set. It is contradicted by radiocarbon dates and the
evolutionary trajectory of French tombs. The Autochthonous Theory is supported
by a logical, chronological evolution of tomb types and their spatial
distribution
The origin of megalithic tombs is an autochthonous development. This network was
held together by a common ideology expressed through the building of monumental
burial architecture which, Megalithic tomb construction expanded at different
rates , The local and regional tomb types were derived from local traditions,
local religious interpretations and customs tied to an interregional ideology.
CHRONOLOGICAL MODEL OF MEGALITHIC CHAMBER EVOLUTION
3600-2990/2860 B.C./2860-2400/2300 b.c. 3550/3500-3100 B.C.
3600-3290 B.C./2860-2610 b.c. [3550/3500-3100 B.C.
3600-3530 B.C./2860-2800 b.c. [3550/3500-3400 B.C.] Primeval-dolmen (urdolmen,
normally parallel to long-mound)
3550-3460 B.C./2850-2750 b.c. Transitional dolmen (parallel/perpendicular to
long-mound)
a.. 3550 B.C./2815 b.c. Top-entrance urdolmen
b.. 3530 B.C./2800 b.c. Half-height front-entrance urdolmen and square-dolmen
c.. 3500 B.C./2780 b.c. Extended-dolmen with axial capstone
3480-3290 B.C./2760-2610 b.c. [3400-3100 B.C.] Multiple side-stone dolmen
(perpendicular to long-mound)
a.. 3480 B.C./2760 b.c. Rectilinear and polygonal extended-dolmen
b.. 3450 B.C./2740 b.c. Rectilinear and polygonal grand-dolmen
3400-3100/2970 B.C./2700-2490/2400 b.c. [3250-3100 B.C.] Passage-graves
3400-3290 B.C./2700-2610 b.c. Transitional chambers with passage
3400 B.C./2700 b.c. Large polygonal- and rectilinear-dolmen/protopassage-graves
with angled/corner entrance and passage
3360-3100/2970 B.C./2650-2490/2400 b.c. [3250-3100 B.C.] Passage-graves*
a.. 3360 B.C./2650 b.c. Primeval passage-graves
b.. 3290 B.C./2610 b.c. Extended passage-graves
c.. 3240 B.C./2570 b.c. Grand passage-graves
3320-3100/2970 B.C./2630-2490/2400 b.c. [3250-3100 B.C.] Complex Chambers
a.. 3320 B.C./2630 b.c. Side-chamber passage-graves
b.. 3300 B.C./2620 b.c. End-chamber passage-graves
c.. 3290 B.C./2610 b.c. Double passage-graves
d.. 3260 B.C./2580 b.c. Triple passage-graves
e.. 3240 B.C./2570 b.c. Dual-passage chambers
f.. 3210 B.C./2560 b.c. Single chamber double passage-graves
3400-2860 B.C./2700-2300 b.c. Gallery-graves
a.. 3400 B.C./2700 b.c. Primeval gallery-graves with front- or side entrance
b.. 3290 B.C./2610 b.c. Extended gallery-graves with front- or side entrance
c.. 3240 B.C./2570 b.c. Grand gallery-graves with front- or side-entrance
Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
From: KutchScience
Sent: Monday, October 10, 2005 2:36 PM
Subject: Views of the Ancient River ZadkoZadki @Sukhpar & View Of Ancient Kabar
on Timbo Near Mochirai and findings of excavation (Femur, 1st Rib,Ileum bone,
Pelvic Bones & Skull Rim)
Dear Friends of Science And Archaeology,
There is always a history behind the ancient findings. Sukhpar has history of
Rivers of ZADKO-ZADKI but that is always incomplete. recently after many
attempts I could get a complete story of that history (one can request full
story by sending a mail to the Science Group ) and that says there was a GADH.
but there was no GADH around in the area.
Last I could trace the place near a lake (Ancient reservoir) Mochirai. North of
Mochirai is a Big TIMBO which is been converted to farm land and so I could not
trace this place very easily. And North-West of that Timbo is the place of ZADO
ZADKI rivers about 1 KM area.
Zadko Zadki river is the tributary to the most ancient - river of the Kutch
"Khari River" and was flowing whole of the year in the past and today also has
secrete underground flow of the water in the river basin.
Farmers has made a step farms by levelling that TIMBO area. so as to level the
farms and step by step formation of Four layers of farms step by step up. Top
layer Sand was moved to lower level and accidentally an ancient KABAR was
exposed. that was an area of the Old civilisation area called BAJARIYUn Village
as history says. (Similar named GADH Bajario Gadh Was in GADHWARI WADI -
sarasvati civilisation found in Meghpar of Bhuj).
On exposer of the area we found the ancient potteries scattered in that area
only and some coated with Chinai - which are found in Indus civilisations. and
some similar toys with bones of ancient kabar exposed during the excavation
during the leveling of the area. (5' layers was removed and exposed the area of
KABARs and BONES and toys.)
So we started to find other ancient intact Kabars in that area. In the southern
part towards the Mochirai lake slope one of the farmer removed the sand layer
from the Second step to Third step farm to level it. They removed about next 4'
layers of the sand and exposed the hard area covered with stones. markings are
saying that they utilised the heavy machinery for that so they break the upper
coverings of those ancient Kabar area but Kabar was intact, so just exposed the
4' sand deep covered Kabars. we examined those by dig out of the Kabar area and
found the evidences of human skeletons and identified them separately and ageing
back about 4 thousand years old. they are so fragile to handle and also lost its
inner tables of bones suggesting its timing of ancient period. which we can see
in the View Of The Ancient River ZadkoZadki @Sukhpar & View Of Ancient Kabar on
Timbo Near Mochirai and findings of excavation (Femur, 1st Rib,Ileum bone,
Pelvic Bones & Skull Rim) Full detailed report and pictures of ancient potteries
and specimens can be requested by sending a mail to the Science Group
View Of The Ancient River ZadkoZadki @Sukhpar & View Of
Ancient Kabar on Timbo Near Mochirai.
Bones exposed after excavation - Femur - 1st Rib and
Ileum bone
Pelvic Bones è ç Skull Rim.
Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqinthenews/2005/usdyae/
Magnitude 7.6 - PAKISTAN
2005 October 8 03:50:38 UTC
Preliminary Earthquake Report
U.S. Geological Survey, National Earthquake Information Center
World Data Center for Seismology, Denver
A major earthquake occurred at 03:50:38 (UTC) on Saturday, October 8,
2005. The magnitude 7.6 event has been located in PAKISTAN. (This event has been
reviewed by a seismologist.)
Magnitude 7.6
Date-Time Saturday, October 8, 2005 at 03:50:38 (UTC)
= Coordinated Universal Time
Saturday, October 8, 2005 at 8:50:38 AM
= local time at epicenter
Time of Earthquake in other Time Zones
Location 34.432°N, 73.537°E
Depth 10 km (6.2 miles) set by location program
Region PAKISTAN
Distances
95 km (60 miles) NNE of ISLAMABAD, Pakistan
115 km (70 miles) ESE of Mingaora, Pakistan
125 km (75 miles) WNW of Srinagar, Kashmir
165 km (105 miles) N of Jhelum, Pakistan
Location Uncertainty horizontal +/- 8.9 km (5.5 miles); depth fixed
by location program
Parameters Nst=142, Nph=142, Dmin=915 km, Rmss=1.31 sec, Gp= 22°,
M-type=moment magnitude (Mw), Version=6
Source USGS NEIC (WDCS-D)
Event ID usdyae
News Release
Location Maps:
10-degree
NEIC Maps
Did you feel it?
Report shaking and damage at your location. You can also view a map
displaying accumulated data from your report and others.
NEIC Moment Tensor Solution
Historical Moment Tensor Solutions
Seismic Hazard Map
Historical Seismicity
Theoretical P-Wave Travel Times
Phase Data
Earthquake Density Maps
Earthquake Information for ASIA
Earthquake Information for PAKISTAN
Archive of newsworthy events
Organizations
Amateur Seismic Centre
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear friends of Science and Astronomy, (AND KUTCH ITIHAS PARISHAD AND
NEWS MEDIA)
(WE DO HAVE ALL PHOTOGRAPHIC CLUES AND WILL BE SENT WITH FULL REPORTS ON
REQUEST mail reply)
There is a surprise to understand the principles of science and astronomy
for the RAMKUND of BHUJ. RAMKUND construction is associated with the temple
of the SUN. But where is the temple of the SUN in BHUJ.
Do not be surprised as History will tell everything about that. Though many
believe that Bhuj was built before (disputable) 456 years and also
disputable for the SUD OR VAD (Magsar SUD/VAD 5 1605 - 1549AD) as the
Kundali says SUD and Planets Moon and SUN position says VAD but do not say
which subh day of (SUN, MON, TUES, WED, Thurs, Fri or Saturday). so is
likely that the Kundli was put later after some time when planets position
become disputed. but all can be achieved/ verified with placatory positions
of those days.(WE HAVE ALL RECORDS OF PLACATORY ASPECTS OF THOSE PERIODS)
Ram Kund was built before 7 century along with the construction of the
TEMPLES of the SUN which are destroyed by Muslim aggressions before 6
century. and that is why the original temple of the SUN is missing from the
original place of the west side of the RAMKUND. so BHUJ was existing before
that as an old civilisation and only rebuilt when Jadejas established their
Capital as BHUJ as time is disputed history tells us.
Later RamKund JIRNODHDHAR was done after BHUJ re-establishment which we see
now a days. Original temple was SUN was destroyed so was established later
when temple of the SATYANARAYAN was built and a temple of the SUN was built
along side of the temple of the SATYANARAYAN on the Right side of
Satyanarayan temple in side the compound of the Temple. (Pujaris are unaware
of those scientific views and the history but were explained about those)
So if the SUN temple was destroyed , where that could be? it is always on
the west of the RAMKUND where there are new constructions are build. We need
to dig those place for the evidence of base stones and house foundations of
Dharmashala of the RAMKUND, under those constructed sites by others. and if
we do not do any thing and destroy our own signs of civilisations than what
is the difference between us and those Muslim aggressors who destroyed all
those temples of the SUNs and civilisations.
Principles of the Constructions of RAMKUND and TEMPLE of the SUN.
East side of the RamKund was empty to allow unobstructed sun light to the
SURYA DEVTA in the temple. (all are blocked by later construction) and so
EAST side of RAM KUND even do not have steps to go in side the KUND -
(Original stones are carved to create the RAMKUND - new EAST side of the
RAMKUND is just build in side those originals and are still without steps on
the EAST side.)
If there was nothing on the West side of the RAMKUND (on East cost of
Dhobital - /Hamirsar) we don't need steps on west side of RAMKUND to go
out - BUT steps are built to go to the temple of the SUN - So there are
possibility of temple of the SUN on the WEST side of the RAMKUND but can
only be verified after DIG gout of the evidences of BASE stones of the
temple of the SUN under the newly constructed walls and sites
West Side Steps 4+4 Grahs
Where there are temple of Sun are built there are evidence of all other
GRAHs as SUN is the king of all 9 GRUHs. So Sun temple on the west side of
the RAMKUND have places of the all remaining 8 grahs in the wall of the
RAMKUND. WEST side has CENTRAL temple of the SUN where those west side steps
lead straight to the temple of the SUN and 4 + 4 on each side of the steps
of the RAMKUND. that is the scientific principles of the existed -
(destroyed by Muslim aggressors) TEMPLE OF THE SUN in the past even before
the today's BHUJ was established by JADEJA Clans
East Side No Entry STEPS
East side of the RAMKUND was kept empty and some times even without steps to
avoid entries bye any one, so sun light is not obstructed coming from the
sun and reflected from the surface of the water in the Ramkund to go to the
straight to the LORD Sun Statue face to illuminate the face of the SUN.
Water source was underground from the near lake of HAMIRSARs / and its
underground water table. so as to serve the scientific principle of the
construction of the temples of the SUN in the PAST.
The Latitude of the place 23 - 18' North may be suggesting that the Earth
was tilted same degree at time the temple of the SUN was built - which is
different than that of the present tilt of the Earth. so that may give clues
when was that tilt of the Earth was the time of the building of original
RAMKUNDS and TEMPLES of the SUNs.
FULL PHOTOGRAPHIC NEWS REPORT WILL be posted to you on your request mail
reply.
MEAN TIME : PLEASE GIVE YOUR CLUES AND OPINION TO FEEDBACK THE ANY
EVIDENCES FOUND AT THE PLACE WITH YOUR PERSONAL VISITS THERE LOCALLY AT THE
RAMKUND AND TEMPLE OF THE SUN IN THE SATYANARAYAN TEMPLE.
From Yours :- Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
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Group of India.
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