Dear friends Of mythology, Science and Astronomy,
The Universe has five ages of time. We're in the second, the age of the stars.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/documentaries/features/time.shtml
** Time **
Four-part series explores what time means to people and to the Universe. Sunday
26 February, 8pm BBC Four (also showing Tuesday and Wednesday evenings)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/documentaries/features/time.shtml
TIME
Sunday 26 February - Tuesday 21 March 2006
In this four-programme series, string theory pioneer Michio Kaku
goes on an extraordinary exploration of the world in search of time. He
discovers our sense of time passing and the clocks that drive our bodies. He
reveals the forces of time that make and destroy us in a lifetime. He journeys
to some of the Earth's most spectacular geological sites to look for clues to
the extraordinary depths of time at a planetary level. Finally, he takes us on a
cosmic journey in search of the beginning (and the end) of time itself.
1. DAYTIME
Sunday 26 February 8pm-9pm
Time seems to drive every moment. It's the most inescapable force we feel.
But do we experience time from within our minds and bodies or from the outside?
Further details about the episode
2. LIFETIME
Sunday 5 March 8pm-9pm
The most powerful effect of time on our lives is the way it limits us. Our
knowledge of death is so embedded in our lives and spirituality that, were
immortality possible, would we lose the sense that makes us human?
Further details about the episode
3. EARTH TIME
Sunday 12 March 8pm-9pm TBC
We hold a unique knowledge of time, realising that it stretches deep into
the past, and will continue into the future. How does this affect our sense of
who we are?
Further details about the episode
4. COSMIC TIME
Sunday 19 March 8pm-9pm TBC
We've always structured our lives based on an unchanging past and a
predictable and ordered future. But atomic and cosmic discoveries have changed
all that. What is time itself? And will it ever end?
Further details about the episode
Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Docs and friends of Science,
Fresh theory on cause of Crohn's anti-impotence drug Viagra may help to
treat the disorder. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4740632.stm
Fresh theory on cause of Crohn's
Crohn's disease affects 100,000 people in Britain
A weakened immune system - not an over-active one as had been suspected -
may cause the intestinal disorder Crohn's disease, research suggests.
However, work by University College London (UCL) suggests Crohn's is more
likely to be due to a weakened immune system failing to destroy bacteria.
The Lancet study also suggests the anti-impotence drug Viagra may help to
treat the disorder.
Viagra was found to correct low blood flow among Crohn's sufferers.
There are several pieces of information that suggest Crohn's is
linked to an abnormality of the immune response, rather than an excessive one
Dr Alistair Forbes
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder that causes ulcerations
in the small and large intestines.
The UCL team compared the immune system response of Crohn's patients and
healthy individuals to minor injuries, such as skin abrasions.
They found the Crohn's patients produced much lower numbers of
infection-fighting white blood cells called neutrophils, and lower quantities of
chemicals involved in the inflammatory process.
Blood cells taken from Crohn's patients also turned out to be abnormal
when cultured in the laboratory.
E. coli infection
The UCL team also tested Crohn's patients' response to bacteria by
injecting a harmless form of E. coli under their skin.
This resulted in a huge increase in blood flow to the inflamed area in
healthy volunteers - but a much smaller increase in the Crohn's patients.
The researchers found this abnormally low blood flow could be corrected by
treatment with Viagra.
The researchers believe that, because Crohn's patients have weakened
immune systems, they are unable to destroy bacteria that penetrate the
intestinal wall.
Thus the bacteria are left to build up in the tissue, stimulating the
secretion of inflammatory chemicals that trigger the symptoms of Crohn's.
Dr Alistair Forbes, medical director of the gut disorder organisation
Core, told the BBC News website the work was "very exciting" and consistent with
other pieces of work which suggested Crohn's was linked to a weak immune
response.
Response
Dr Forbes said Crohn's patients had been reported to benefit from a
treatment usually given to cancer patients to stimulate the production of white
blood cells.
If Crohn's were an auto-immune disease then one would expect this
treatment to make patients worse, rather than better.
In addition, a mutation of a gene linked to Crohn's was thought to weaken,
rather than intensify the immune response.
He said: "The cause of Crohn's remains unknown, and although there are
genetic factors, it is quite clear they don't explain the whole thing.
"Crohn's is clearly related to the bacterial flora in the gut, but how is
not clear at all.
"There are several pieces of information that suggest Crohn's is linked to
an abnormality of the immune response, rather than an excessive one in the first
instance."
Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Docs and friends of Science,
Hunger pangs 'may trigger memory !
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4723162.stm
New research suggests it may be wise to revise for and sit exams on an empty
stomach as hunger can help with the creation and retrieval of memories.
American scientists found the hunger hormone ghrelin can increase the number of
nerve connections in the area of the brain where new memories are formed. The
study raises hopes of drugs to treat impaired learning and memory in diseases
such as Alzheimer's. The Yale University study features in the journal Nature
Neuroscience. Ghrelin is released by the empty stomach into the bloodstream, and
is known to activate receptors throughout the brain. Scientists already knew
that the hormone acts on an area of the brain called the hypothalamus to trigger
feelings of hunger. However, the hormone's effect elsewhere in the brain has
remained something of a mystery.
More connections
The Yale team has discovered that it seems to impact on the functioning of a
second area known as the hippocampus, which is known to be essential to
learning. The researchers found mice bred to lack the ghrelin gene had 25% fewer
'synaptic' connections between nerve cells in this area. They also showed that
injecting normal mice with extra ghrelin increased the number of synapses in the
hippocampus - and improved the animals' performance in several learning and
memory tests. Writing in the journal, the researchers said: "The study provides
evidence that ghrelin may control higher brain functions and may represent a
molecular link between learning capabilities and energy metabolism." The
researchers say it might be possible to use the hormone to develop new drugs to
combat impaired learning and memory, but warn that weight gain could be a side
effect.
Professor Stephen Bloom, an expert in appetite regulation at Imperial College
London, told the BBC News website: "Memory can be switched on and off, and often
it is switched on at times of stress. "The paper is pretty interesting and it is
entirely plausible that we are more alert and keyed up to both remember and
recall more readily when stressed by hunger. "If we weren't our individual
forbearers might have died out in the competition for food."
Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Hello Dr. Bhudia,
Here is a link to one paper entitled "Differentiated
meteorites – Pipliya Kalan specimen discloses the heat
source". This meteorite Pipliya Kalan fell in the Pali
District of Rajasthan on 20th June 1996.
http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/nov25/articles7.htm
And this is the link to the pdf file containing a
report on the recent Iron meteorite which fell in
Bahuka village in Rajasthan last year.
http://www.ias.ac.in/currsci/sep102005/741.pdf
More later
Manoj
--- KutchScience <kutchscience@...> wrote:
> Dear Manoj,
>
> Thank you for putting more light on the reports
> issued. but I have no intention to blame any one. I
> wish that more and more reports come in light and
> become more public so more and more interested
> people get benefit of that and take advantage of
> those.
>
> Yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
> http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
__________________________________________________
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Dear Manoj,
Thank you for putting more light on the reports issued. but I have no intention
to blame any one. I wish that more and more reports come in light and become
more public so more and more interested people get benefit of that and take
advantage of those.
I wish that please forward such URLs links of such full reports so that every
one can benefit and if are not made public on internet please do favours to
others by forwarding such scan reports and sending to file sections.
thank you once again for offering a support for forwarding such reports to every
one who are interested.
Yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
I hate to differ with you Dr. Bhudia. We had received
several papers on the investigation of the Kendrapara
meteorite. As well as the Kasauli, Devgaon and many
other falls. Its not fair to blame anybody without
reasons.
We had also received the research papers on the last
meteorite fall in India an Iron which fell in
Rajasthan. The paper was also published in the
Septermber 2005 issue of Current Science. At least
most of this information related to meteorites was
posted in most major astronomy groups of India.
The only one pending is the one which fell in Kaprada,
Valsad Dist. Gujarat in Ocr 2004. Analysis of this one
has not been completed yet and will be intimated in
due course.
Feel free to contact.
Best wishes
Manoj Pai
Ahmedabad
--- KutchScience <kutchscience@...> wrote:
> Dear friends of Geo - Astronomy and Science,
>
> We hardly get a research communications full
> We hardly get a research communications full
, as we just started to
> do that just before few years only. But one of Such
> full report is available now on the net and every
> one take good chance to see that and realise how
> those been investigated and presented.
> RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS of the Meteor of
> Kendrapara-MAPS2004.pdf files will be uploaded in
> the file sections of each of the groups of Science
> of Kutch science foundationsand allies and Science
> Group of India.
>
> By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Manoj,
Thank you for putting more light on the reports issued. but I have
no intention to blame any one. I wish that more and more reports
come in light and become more public so more and more interested
people get benefit of that and take advantage of those.
I wish that please forward such URLs links of such full reports so
that every one can benefit and if are not made public on internet
please do favours to others by forwarding such scan reports and
sending to file sections.
thank you once again for offering a support for forwarding such
reports to every one who are interested.
Yours Dr Bhudia.
In scienceclubofindia@..., Manoj Pai <manojpai@y...>
wrote:
>
> I hate to differ with you Dr. Bhudia. We had received
> several papers on the investigation of the Kendrapara
> meteorite. As well as the Kasauli, Devgaon and many
> other falls. Its not fair to blame anybody without
> reasons.
>
> We had also received the research papers on the last
> meteorite fall in India an Iron which fell in
> Rajasthan. The paper was also published in the
> Septermber 2005 issue of Current Science. At least
> most of this information related to meteorites was
> posted in most major astronomy groups of India.
>
> The only one pending is the one which fell in Kaprada,
> Valsad Dist. Gujarat in Ocr 2004. Analysis of this one
> has not been completed yet and will be intimated in
> due course.
>
> Feel free to contact.
>
> Best wishes
>
> Manoj Pai
> Ahmedabad
>
>
> --- KutchScience <kutchscience@h...> wrote:
>
> > Dear friends of Geo - Astronomy and Science,
> >
> > We hardly get a research communications full
> > investigations of the meteors, as we just started to
> > do that just before few years only. But one of Such
> > full report is available now on the net and every
> > one take good chance to see that and realise how
> > those been investigated and presented.
> > RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS of the Meteor of
> > Kendrapara-MAPS2004.pdf files will be uploaded in
> > the file sections of each of the groups of Science
> > of Kutch science foundationsand allies and Science
> > Group of India.
> >
> > By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
I hate to differ with you Dr. Bhudia. We had received
several papers on the investigation of the Kendrapara
meteorite. As well as the Kasauli, Devgaon and many
other falls. Its not fair to blame anybody without
reasons.
We had also received the research papers on the last
meteorite fall in India an Iron which fell in
Rajasthan. The paper was also published in the
Septermber 2005 issue of Current Science. At least
most of this information related to meteorites was
posted in most major astronomy groups of India.
The only one pending is the one which fell in Kaprada,
Valsad Dist. Gujarat in Ocr 2004. Analysis of this one
has not been completed yet and will be intimated in
due course.
Feel free to contact.
Best wishes
Manoj Pai
Ahmedabad
--- KutchScience <kutchscience@...> wrote:
> Dear friends of Geo - Astronomy and Science,
>
> We hardly get a research communications full
> investigations of the meteors, as we just started to
> do that just before few years only. But one of Such
> full report is available now on the net and every
> one take good chance to see that and realise how
> those been investigated and presented.
> RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS of the Meteor of
> Kendrapara-MAPS2004.pdf files will be uploaded in
> the file sections of each of the groups of Science
> of Kutch science foundationsand allies and Science
> Group of India.
>
> By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
__________________________________________________
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Dear Friends of Science and Astronomy,
Dusty discs found around hypergiant stars
http://www.newscientistspace.com/article/dn8700-dusty-discs-found-around-hypergi\
ant-stars.html
a.. 10:37 09 February 2006
b.. NewScientist.com news service Dusty discs appear to surround two extremely
massive stars that blast their surroundings with searing radiation, new
observations with NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope reveal. The finding bolsters
other evidence suggesting planets may be able to form in violent environments.
Planets are thought to build up gradually from the collision of clumps of dust
in discs of gas and dust around stars. Most of the dusty discs discovered so far
surround stars of similar size to the Sun. But now, researchers led by Joel
Kastner of the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York, US, have found
dusty discs that appear to surround two hypergiant stars, dozens of times more
massive than the Sun.
That is surprising because the intense radiation from such massive stars was
thought to blow away any dust before it could clump into planets, says the team.
"Our data suggest that the planet-forming process may be hardier than previously
believed," Kastner says. That agrees with previous calculations showing that
radiation from massive stars may actually help seed planets around smaller stars
nearby.
Excitingly short
The discs surround two massive stars, named R 66 and R 126, which weigh 30 and
70 times as much as the Sun, respectively. Both stars lie in the Large
Magellanic Cloud, a galactic satellite of the Milky Way.
Both discs contain sand-like particles, but Spitzer was not able to determine
whether the discs also harbour larger bodies, such as comets or planets. The
stars are so massive, however, that they are expected to run out of their
nuclear fuel and explode as supernovae in just a few million years, probably
destroying any planets around them.
"We do not know if planets like those in our solar system are able to form in
the highly energetic, dynamic environments of these massive stars, but if they
could, their existence would be a short and exciting one," says team member
Charles Beichman of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the California
Institute of Technology, both in Pasadena, US.
Journal reference: Astrophysical Journal Letters (vol 638, p L29)
Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Docs and friends of Science,
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4696026.stm Drug 'may cut stroke disability'
Last Updated: Thursday, 9 February 2006, 11:35 GMT
Scientists hope a new drug could cut the risk of serious disability following a
stroke.
A trial, led by Glasgow University researchers, involving more than 1,700
patients in 154 hospitals worldwide has produced promising results. The
treatment, known as NXY-059, works by minimising brain damage in the early hours
after an clot-related stroke. Stroke is one of the most common causes of death
and long-term disability around the world. A clot-related, or ischaemic, stroke
is caused by a blockage in the blood vessels supplying the brain. It can cause
symptoms including facial weakness, arm weakness and problems speaking. But it
is estimated that under 1% of stroke patients in the UK currently receive drugs
to reduce the risk of further clots.
Assessment
During the latest trial, patients were examined when they arrived at hospital
within six hours of developing symptoms of a stroke. Half were given normal
fluids through a drip, while the others received normal fluids and NXY-059. Lead
researcher Professor Kennedy Lees said: "Patients who were given this new drug
were more likely to have made a full recovery from stroke after three months.
"Their odds of avoiding disability were about 20% better if they were given
NXY-059."
Professor Lees said the results showed it was possible to treat stroke later
than three hours after symptoms had started. They also suggested that the drug
could cut the increased risk of bleeding associated with clot-busting drugs. The
researchers said that the effect was relatively modest for individual patients,
but since the treatment could be given to so many people it could have a
profound effect on the numbers left disabled. Professor Lees said: "This trial
opens up new horizons for treatment of one of the most important conditions
affecting our society."
Exciting results
David Clark, chief executive of the charity Chest, Heart and Stroke Scotland,
said the results of the trial were "very exciting". "About half of all stroke
survivors have some significant disability, so anything which reduces this
disability is potentially of great benefit, especially as this has the potential
to be developed as a routine treatment in all stroke units." Joe Korner, of the
Stroke Association said: "The potential of this drug is very interesting and
could provide another tool for health professionals in the treatment of acute
stroke. "It's not yet clear exactly how this might benefit individuals but what
we do know is that the quicker a stroke patient receives expert diagnosis and is
admitted into a stroke unit the better their outcome. "It may take many years
for this drug to come onto the market. "Stroke is a medical emergency and the
public must be more aware of the symptoms so they can receive the many
treatments already available. "A key to this will be increasing public
knowledge of stroke symptoms."
Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Geology and Science
http://www.guardian.co.uk/international/story/0,,1705368,00.html 7pm Wednesday
February 8, 2006 Spinosaurus towers over T-rex A gigantic dinosaur has put the
tyrannosaurus rex firmly in the shade.
The spinosaurus - now officially the biggest predatory dinosaur known to man -
measured 17 metres (55ft) from nose to tail, had long, crocodile-like jaws, and
is thought to have had a sail on its back. Although the spinosaurus was
discovered in 1912, an examination of newly obtained fossils has now confirmed
its true size. Until 10 years ago, scientists thought that the tyrannosaurus was
the largest predatory dinosaur. The largest fossil specimen, Sue, measures 13
metres (42ft) long and is thought to have weighed 6.4 tonnes when it lived, 67
million years ago.
Then scientists discovered the gigantosaurus, a meat-eater which lived 100
million years ago in what is now Argentina and stretched to 14 metres (45ft).
But the spinosaurus dwarfs them both. The spinosaurus - a theropod which stood
on two legs like tyrannosaurus and gigantosaurus - was first identified by the
German palaeontologist Ernst Stromer, who found the first specimen in Egypt in
1912. Stromer published a detailed study of the bones, including a partial
backbone with long spines which may have supported a sail. He believed that his
predator was bigger than tyrannosaurus rex, but the fossils were obliterated
when allied bombers struck a Munich museum in 1944. Since then, only a few
specimens of related dinosaurs and some isolated spinosaurus bones have been
unearthed.
Now a new examination of two skull fragments have confirmed Stromer's
suspicions. Cristiano Dal Sasso of the Civil Natural History Museum in Milan,
Italy, analysed a snout acquired from a private collector, and previously
unidentified bones from the upper rear of the skull. New Scientist magazine
reported: "After measuring their sizes, he estimates that the 99cm-long (3.25ft)
snout came from a skull 1.75 metres (5.75ft) long. From what we know of the body
shapes of other spinosaurs, Mr Dal Sasso calculates that the new spinosaurus was
17 metres long and weighed seven to nine tonnes." One of the most interesting
features of the spinosaurus was the sail on its back believed to have been used
to attract a mate, in the same way as a peacock's tail, or to intimidate enemies
or possibly to keep the animal cool. Spinosaurs, with their long and slender
snouts, were like theropod dinosaurs with crocodile mouths. Their long teeth
interlocked to catch prey, and there is evidence that they fed largely on fish.
Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Maths, Engineering and science ,
THE BEAL CONJECTURE AND PRIZE
http://www.gujaratsamachar.com/gsa/20060206/guj/international/news4.html THE
BEAL CONJECTURE problem is solved by unemployed Indian Mathematician after 300
years !
What is the BEAL'S CONJECTURE http://www.math.unt.edu/~mauldin/beal.html
Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
BEAL'S CONJECTURE: If Ax +By = Cz , where A, B, C, x, y and z are positive
integers and x, y and z are all greater than 2, then A, B and C must have a
common prime factor.
THE BEAL PRIZE. The conjecture and prize was announced in the December 1997
issue of the Notices of the American Mathematical Society. Since that time Andy
Beal has increased the amount of the prize for his conjecture. The prize is now
this: $100,000 for either a proof or a counterexample of his conjecture. The
prize money is being held by the American Mathematical Society until it is
awarded. In the meantime the interest is being used to fund some AMS activities
and the annual Erdos Memorial Lecture.
CONDITIONS FOR WINNING THE PRIZE. The prize will be awarded by the prize
committee appointed by the American Mathematical Society. The present committee
members are Charles Fefferman, Ron Graham, and Dan Mauldin. The requirements for
the award are that in the judgment of the committee, the solution has been
recognized by the mathematics community. This includes that either a proof has
been given and the result has appeared in a reputable refereed journal or a
counterexample has been given and verified.
PRELIMINARY RESULTS. If you have believe you have solved the problem, please
submit the solution to a reputable refereed journal. If you have questions, they
can be mailed to:
The Beal Conjecture and Prize
c/o Professor R. Daniel Mauldin
Department of Mathematics
Box 311430
University of North Texas
Denton, Texas 76203
LINKS TO ARTICLES ABOUT THE CONJECTURE AND PRIZE
The Beal Conjecture
Notices American Mathematical Society, December 1997
Manchester Guardian January 8, 1998
A computer study has been carried out by Peter Norvig who is Chief of the
Computational Sciences Division at the NASA Ames Research Center. The program
and results may be found at
Beal's Conjecture: A Search for Counterexamples
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
From: KutchScience @ Kutch Science Foundation
To: bhujkutch ; bhuj ; kachchh ; kutchastronomersclub; kutchsciencefoundation ;
scienceclubofindia ; kutchScience ; venustransit2004 ; DrBhudia@... ;
Vvikram ; Science CITY GUJARAT ; kutchmitra ; news@rediff ; mail@gujaratindia ;
editor@... ; panjokutch ; sandesh ; thehindu@... ;
audience@ndtv ; Vigyan Prasar ; Bharat News4Kutch
Sent: Tuesday, January 24, 2006 11:36 AM
Subject: Critics on Panchangs and calenders - and understanding the differences
of TIME/CLOCK keeping in day and Calender/adjustments in the History period.
Possible errors in historical dates.
Dear Friends of History, Science and Astronomy,
Regarding the last subject of our Ancient Planetary Panchang calendar some still
have doubts and raised Positive /Negative question regarding subjects as
follows. Though we can not teach them this way but definitely guide them if they
wish to study the subject them selves and work them selves out. there are no
shortage of such people at least in INDIA. one of the Astronomer in Indian
observatory is also working on the subject and he has also published the
concerned in news/media unser the headings of "believe me or not its not a 1st
January but 4th January" but pity no one bothered the statements and there are
only rare such to understand. but I am sure there are people understand better
about the subjects and put more light on the subjects.
Comment 1)
I am surprised to hear that year 2006 started 3 days late and none in the
astronomy community noticed this. Surprising ! BTW, how can we tell that it
was 3 days late? I mean what is the reference point? Another thing just out of
curiosity is that, how these events in the panchang are recorded? Are these data
derived from actual observations, calculations or are those taken from astronomy
community?
Re:- please Read the articles in "CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 84, NO. 1, 10 JANUARY
2003 21" and do not mix up in the mind about the differences of TIME/CLOCK
keeping in day and Calendar/adjustments in the History period. Possible errors
in historical dates. As after 1752 the errors are carried forwarded and
accumulated and need to be adjusted at certain time say either every 400 years
or when it becomes a due "10 days" difference the bate will come 11 instead of
1 in the end of the millennium.
Comment 2)
Old indian astronomical records are good, and fairly accurate. but that does not
mean we should think that they are the best observed values ever. The gregorian
calendar is used becuase it is pretty simple, as well as widely used - imagine
having learnt only the shaka system in india and going abroad to suddenly find
the rest of the world using the gregorian
calendar, or even worse, each country using their own calendar !
Re:- please Read the articles in "CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 84, NO. 1, 10 JANUARY
2003 21" we are adjusting the day length difference by adjusting a second on the
midnight of the new year eve as we did with a leap second this time, Also we are
adjusting the 29 Feb as a leap year day because of the days in one years are
adjusted every four year. And also we will READJUST that LEAP YEAR day in 400,
800, 1200 years interval but what about the errors are carried forward during
last adjustment done in 1752? there has not been any adjustment done during this
interval and so accounts are carried forward with accumulations. That is the
difference. READ MORE DETAILS in original records and calculate how much
adjustment is needed.
Comment 3)
1. How nutation is measured by naked eyes observation? 2. How rahu and ketu are
tracked. ( i have background knowledge....so please be as technical as u
can)Again, I have no objection on the beauty of panchang system. I believe it
was the best system over widest range of time.
Re:- Again please do not be confused with counting seconds , please Read the
articles in "CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 84, NO. 1, 10 JANUARY 2003 21" also all
details of all records available. No need to make a naked eye observations even
modern technology can be used to measurement it makes more accuracy. and even do
not rely on the software to give measurement as they give only their theoretical
version and if have any error will carry on with their results. ultimately a
practical observations are only true by means of any modern or ancient
technology available. Rahu/ketu measurements are all well explained in
ANCIENT?modern astronomy either in JAIPUR/Delhi observatory OR BY NASA. but no
one bothers to make their own calculations starting with TOTAL MID SOLAR
ECLIPSEs point. any way all ancient Observatory has their OLD history records of
observation done over the periods.
Very interesting if they are really study self / work them out only, I am
pleased that some are still interested about the ancient system of the planetary
calendar and timings. But just raising a question /doubt does not full fill that
all. one has to work hard and by selves to evolve and do the job by self by
actually visiting those places and WORKING there. SUN TEMPLEs are perfect
examples of calculation time day , months & seasons and orbits of Sun and
planetary aspects and eclipse. Ancient Observatories are perfect for
astronomical measurements and measuring all the aspects of planetary science and
timings, Eclipses and Rahu and Ketu and its movements and timings of orbits
crossing points of SUN and Moon planetary orbits.
More mathematically it has been well explained in a Rare and recently
unavailable book of "Spherical astronomy" book by W.M. SMART - MANY BOOKS ARE
NOT in the market and so many use only photocopied pages of those books. though
the books are more formulated and not a ready resource like an internet browse
and data copy /download data. may be difficult to understand or work with a
applied own brain.
TEXTBOOK ON SPHERICAL ASTRONOMY W.M. SMART 4 1956
TEXTBOOK ON SPHERICAL ASTRONOMY W.M. SMART 5 1971
TEXTBOOK ON SPHERICAL ASTRONOMY W.M. SMART R.M. GREEN (Re.) 6 1977
and translated to "GOLIYA KHAGOL VIGYAN" by University Granth Nirman Board -
may be available in many old science libraries. Government of India has produced
last report of Report of the "PANCHANG SANSODHAN" also in Gujarati copy
"PANCHANG SANSODHAN samiti aheval" explaining how different panchangs were
evolved and how it works. That's again a rare report and not available
ordinarily but had to trace that by self and not just to read but to
study/calculate it. Recently an Indian Astronomer published a report on new
years day saying that "believe me or not this is not a new year day 1/1/2006 but
4/1/2006" but no body even noticed that comment and how could any one notice
that as long as they also do not have any thing to understand that statement or
to comment on not negatively but positively.
I am really pleased that many modern astronomy workers are returning to study
back from those ancient astronomical archaeological monuments. though after many
hard discussions One of such DELHI Planetarium had very good activity @ Delhi
Jantar Mantar and really thanks to Dr Ratnaji. who sincerely realised the
importance of that and carried out many activity in Delhi during Venus transit
2004. all doubts and discussion are available in message groups
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/ &
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit/
During Moguls empire time most of such monuments are destroyed by aggressions
(12 to 15 century) Western occupation by application of forcibly western
calendar system and gradually discarding the traditional Planetary calendars (16
to 19 century) and rest we are still carrying it out after independence.
We do have many Ancient Astronomical archaeological places such as JANTAR
MANTARs , VEDH SHALAs, Sun TEMPLEs of most are either destroyed or at the brisk
of non use. Unluckily all such monuments either destroyed or in non working
situation because of most of do not know about their working methods or
restricted use of those. Many do visits those for just for interest of only
Visiting / photography but never do any observations work there because of
ignorance of the subjects. please do not take any thing personal bur There is
one Kahavat "Hiro GHOGHE jai aavyo ane Deli ye HAATh dai aavyo" where "Gogha" is
the Port of "GHOGHA" in BHAVNAGAR.
FORWARDED: Tuesday, January 24, 2006 2:37 PM
Subject: Possible errors in historical dates: Error in correction from Julian to
Gregorian calendars
SCIENTIFIC CORRESPONDENCE
CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 84, NO. 1, 10 JANUARY 2003 21
Possible errors in historical dates: Error in correction from Julian to
Gregorian calendars We have studied five major historical events reported
between 1630 and 1680 AD, where detailed references to the stars in the night
sky are available. We show that the descriptions of the star patterns at that
time are off by exactly ten days.
For example, the solar eclipse reported in one example to occur on 20 March 1680
in fact occurred on 30 March 1680 according to the current (Gregorian) calendar.
This is checked using a computer simulation package (SkyMap Pro) and Oppelzer's
Canon of Eclipses1. We attribute this error in dating historical event(s) due to
the switchover from Julian to Gregorian calendars in the latter half of the 18th
century. Important events in Indian history are dated to an accuracy of a
specific date that is calculated based on the documentation of a specific
period(s) and historical references. However, it is often difficult to verify
these dates by independent means since historical references do not often carry
independent markers. However, documents on comparatively recent Indian history
often give detailed description of astronomical events, which can be
independently verified using modern software programs designed using data from
high precision astrometry satellites like Hipparcos and Tycho. It is observed
that while writing the history of Shivaji Maharaj, nearly all the evidences are
written according to the Julian calendar. Due to many defects, this calendar was
reformed by Pope Gregory in 1582 AD and it was announced that after 4 October
the next date will not be 5 October but 15 October.
Hence ten days were deleted from the Julian calendar, which is now named as the
Gregorian calendar. The Catholic community immediately accepted this change but
the Protestants, including the British accepted it only after 170 years, that is
on 2 September 1752 AD. They took the next day as 14 September 1752 AD. This has
a difference of 11 days because in the 170 years the difference between the two
calendars increased from 10 days to 11 days. As the Protestants were ruling many
countries across the world, such countries continued to use the Julian calendar
till that time. In India also all the history written by British historians is
according to the Julian calendar up to 1752 AD. Julius Caesar introduced the
Julian calendar and put it in practice in 45 BC.
The duration of a year in his calendar was 365.25 days as found by the
Egyptians. It differs from both the sidereal period Nakshatra varsha of 365.2564
days used in India and the tropical year of seasons equal to 365.2422 days. The
two differ because Vernal Equinox (ascending node of earth's orbit) moves
backwards, that is towards the west due to the precession of the earth's axis of
rotation around ecliptic poles at the rate of about 1 degree in 72 years. This
produces a difference of 1 day in about 71 years in the Indian calendar, and of
1 day in 128 years in the Julian calendar. In 325 AD, the sun used to enter
Vernal Equinox on 21 March. In the Julian calendar therefore, it was declared
that 21 March will be the Vernal Equinox day and it was related to the
resurrection of Christ. However, the error due to precession was not taken into
account while fixing this date. By the late 1500s the discrepancy became marked.
In 1582 AD, i.e. in 1258 years, the sun started entering the Vernal Equinox ten
days earlier (1258 × 0.0078 = 9.8 days). So on 11 March the sun entered the
Vernal Equinox point. To correct this problem, Pope Gregory cancelled ten days
of that year and after 4 October 1582 the next day was declared as 15 October
1582. The period of Gregorian calendar is 365.2425 days. So, there is still a
difference of 0.0003 days. In spite of this, for the next 3000 years the sun
will enter Vernal Equinox near 21 March2. In the history of Shivaji Maharaj,
historians have converted the moon's position (Tithi) into Julian dates.
However, after the British left, India has continued to use the Gregorian
calendar introduced by the British in 1752. So, from 1582 to 1752 AD the
difference of 10 or 11 days is also reflected in the calculation of Tithi. As a
result, by Julian calendar 20 March 1680 was new moon, but by Gregorian calendar
it was on 30 March 1680. This is highlighted in the records of events associated
with the life and times of Shivaji Maharaj. A difference of ten days is also
noted in the eclipse of January 1665 and August 1673, in the dates of stone
inscriptions of Karnataka3.
According to historians4, the date of birth of Shivaji Maharaj was in the month
of Falgun and the Tithi was Vadya Tritiya. Bhavar, Baneda and Bikaner horoscopes
of Shivaji Maharaj indicate that he was born on Sinha Lagna5. Time of birth
mentioned in Jedhe Shakavali and Shivabharata volumes yields Simha lagna only.
This is three days after the full moon day of the month of Falgun.
This also means that the moon was near the asterism Purva or Uttara Falguni (in
Leo) when it was full and after three days, it was in Hasta (Corvus) or Chitra
(Spica) in Virgo asterism. Also, three days after the full moon day, the moon
must have risen 156 min (52 × 3) later than on full moon night. So the moonrise
must be approximately at 9 p.m. At that time the rising zodiacal constellation
was Virgo. But the birth time of Shivaji Maharaj was in the evening, after
sunset. So at that time the earlier constellation
Leo must be rising on the eastern horizon.
In the history of Shivaji Maharaj, his birthday is mentioned as 19 February
1630. However, the above references do not match with the star patterns on this
date as extrapolated back in the Gregorian calendar. They match very precisely
on 1 March 1630 (ten days later). Another and probably more accurate example is
the partial solar eclipse visible from fort Raigad in the year 1680. In the
various biographies of Shivaji Maharaj, it is mentioned that partial solar
eclipse was visible on 20 March 1680.
From the Gregorian calendar there were no chances of an eclipse on that day
because the sun was in Pisces and moon was in Libra. But on 30 March 1680, an
eclipse did occur. It was in the constellation of Pisces. From Raigad the
eclipse started at 4 h 37 min in the evening. The sun was 30 degrees above the
horizon. The mid-eclipse time was 5 h 41 min in the evening. The sun was only 15
degrees above the horizon. The eclipse ended at time 6 h 38 m in the evening
when the sun was only 1.5 degrees above horizon1. This observation exactly
matches with the documented history. Table 1 gives many other events in the life
of Shivaji Maharaj, which confirm our observations. All the tithis are taken
from ref. 4.
BELOW TWO scanned pages are pasted. if you can not get those please give a mail
to get that by personal mail - without will be difficult to understand the
issues.
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Geology and science ,
Geology expedition of Kutch and RANN of the KUTCH Wish you all a very Happy
Republic day 2006.
Fossil also has lifespan, as it takes time to form, it also get destroyed as
time pass, weather and nature destroys them as time goes on and so after 500
-600 million years later fossils are difficult to trace or identify them. So if
we do not find any fossils beyond the time 1bn years old does not mean that
there was no life. Life was there too and may be fossilised later and eventually
may have destroyed those fossilised evidences as time ticks on.
Kutch is believed to be such main land which was part of Original Gondwana land
(JUMBU DWIP). and so as fossils of the area does suggest that. but that goes
back only to the certain period of the time limit. But scientist and Vedas do
agree that fife was existing well before that. (Both views are in favour of life
origin was started before 2bn years back). so where are those evidences and
fossils? naturally nature has power to regenerate and destroy itself.
1) Eastern kutch: Vagad - khadir and Chobari (Land of Pandavas):- Khadir and
whole of the Great RANN of the kutch - is also rich in the fossilised land area
and holds clues for origin of the life on the Earth itself. Chobari has
fossilised marine and sea shore cell shell. suggesting the area lift up at a
later stage than the main land kutch. Ramvav Fossils of fresh water fishes and
bones hold the clues for fresh water life later than the main land formation.
With the gradual lift up of the area of river basins shifted the course of
sindhu towards the west where it is at the present and saraswati basin dried up
slowly with the seismic lift up of the river basin area. where at present we can
see the underground water flow is still existing well near to the ground levels
though in other place water level has well deep down and some places too deep to
irrigate. so government also trying to revive that by putting water back in the
Rann of the Kutch and also make a fresh water sarovar by Narmada water in the
little ran of kutch. as that area is just as sea level on GPS readings. and
Narmada water can flow to sea levelled small Rann of the kutch just by
gravitation only.
Only we might loose an area of NANDA in little Rann of the Kutch which is reach
for its speciality of wild life and habitant for lesser flamingo nursery and
Wild ass -Gudkhar.
Black mountain is the highest mountain range of the kutch mountains ranges. and
guru datatreya is the highest peak of those range. But even at that highest peak
we find variety of fossils ranging from marine origin and corals to vegetative
and fresh water fish and bones. means those have been formed at different time
scales but those looks superimposed and formed twice as phase two fossil
formation. and later nature and weather has exposed them in a single place and
at the same time.
still some area is inaccessible as water and salt make it not explorable, that
area remains the reserved biosphere holding the secretes of the origin of the
life and research needs to be carried out in that respect. government has
proposed plan for that in more details will be in other parts of mail discussion
in the fossils of the great rann of the Kutch.
ADD on formation of the kutch eastern land rivers & fresh water fossils - Ramvav
Fossils .Plants, Animals, Brachiopods, Gastropods, Belemnites, Corals, Bony
fish.
2) Western Kutch - Abadasa Vamoti Hills and Lakhpat MatanoMad hills and
kateshwar area:- the area of Abadasa shows the lift up in late cretaceous. and
so formation of land has fossil formation of the Sea Shells - (Blowing Shanks)
of that time and also formation of fossil fuel - we have explored area before 25
years for about two years on our routine work schedules and we found a fossil
fuel oozing out of the ground and vaporising and leaving the distinct sign of
the oily marks on the sand of the area between Prajau and Vadapadhhar Near
JAKHAU. and drilling exploration work will start for oil exploration in that sea
shore are.
Lakhpat is also rich in the fossil area not only for marine life but also fresh
water animal shells and also on Pollen fossil formation, giving clues of the
vegetations on that area and also water - fresh water and its life and also
marine evidences for the formation of the land of the area. and vegetative and
pollen fossils are suggestive of early plant life. Murchban area near Matano
mad and Mad kotada (MatanoMad hills ) is also rich in coral fossils as well as
fresh water animal shell fossil. lakhpat coal mine area is having not only
fossil fuel but also suggestive of the forests in the Kutch during that time and
giant pre Jurassic animal fossils of giant crocodilian. a skeleton of
crocodilian from coal mine (pre Jurassic crocodile ancestors) used to be giant
size of 9 to 12 meters (unlike today's 3-4 meter size crocodiles) long giant
crocodilian who used to prey on dinosaur's ancestors.
As that was the time scale of cretaceous/jurasic bondary time - forests in the
kutch and that forest was formed in to coal mine and those crocodilian are used
to be giant at that time, those findings are conclusive. and if any mistakes
are made to date less than that time needs correction. if any carbon dating
methods used for dating as carbon dating is not effective and not a correct
method for long time dating of millions of years. carbon dating can be used for
shorter time scales correctively and effectively as it has shorter half life
time. (time in 10000s to 100,000s years are effective way to use carbon dating
methods).
ADD on NAND nanu, Murchaban fossils and fresh water fossils.
3) Northern Kutch : Black mountain range and Kaurbet - Mori bet area. The whole
range formed much later than the main land kutch and whole of the of the great
Rann of Kutch was originally part of undersea land. later lift up of northern
hill range along with black mountain of the Kutch was formed and is full of the
fossil history of the area. and is as rich as Khatrod range fossils. later that
sea bottom was up lifted with gradual seismic lift up and holding the clues of
the undisturbed fossilised history of the formation of that time scale. With the
formation of the Himalayas and formation of the river Sindhu and Saraswati
(Ghaghara hakkar) water flew to the south towards the kutch in the Rann of the
kutch forming a fresh water lake reserve where there used to be sea water and
sea water moved back due to lift up of the Rann area. so we do find the old
fossils of marine shells and coral fossils as well as fresh water fish bones and
shells and also vegetation of the land and pollen fossil formation and also land
dinosaurs fossils in kaurbet dating back not only to Jurassic but also pre
Jurassic 178 mn years back - Dino fossils back to cretaceous period and also
fossil fuel formation - by Dr Daas on ONGC exploration drilling in Kunvar bet in
1999
We found variety of fossils in single place and also in different places.
kaurbet -Kunvar bet and moribet was land area surrounded by fresh water of
Sindhu saraswati. and the area was vegetative and so pre-Jurassic/Jurassic
animals were living in that land area. and findings of 178 mn years old
bones/tooth fossils by Dr Daas during drilling in the kunvar bet area on ONGC
mission in 1999 are confirmative. at that time origin of the flow of the water
of Sindhu / saraswati was not the Himalaya as that time that source was not
there at all. water from the Indian continental plate was the source of the
water and later with the formation of Himalayas and new tributaries joined those
existing water channels to form the famous rivers of Sindhu saraswati.
With the gradual lift up of the area of river basins shifted the course of
sindhu towards the west where it is at the present and saraswati basin dried up
slowly with the seismic lift up of the river basin area. where at present we can
see the underground water flow is still existing well near to the ground levels
though in other place water level has well deep down and some places too deep to
irrigate. so government also trying to revive that by putting water back in the
Rann of the Kutch and also make a fresh water sarovar by Narmada water in the
little ran of kutch. as that area is just as sea level on GPS readings. and
Narmada water can flow to sea levelled small Rann of the kutch just by
gravitation only.
Only we might loose an area of NANDA in little Rann of the Kutch which is reach
for its speciality of wild life and habitant for lesser flamingo nursery and
Wild ass -Gudkhar.
Black mountain is the highest mountain range of the kutch mountains ranges. and
guru datatreya is the highest peak 1437 ft of those range. But even at that
highest peak we find variety of fossils ranging from marine origin and corals to
vegetative and fresh water fish and bones. means those have been formed at
different time scales but those looks superimposed and formed twice as phase two
fossil formation. and later nature and weather has exposed them in a single
place and at the same time.
still some area is inaccessible as water and salt make it not explorable, that
area remains the reserved biosphere holding the secretes of the origin of the
life and research needs to be carried out in that respect. government has
proposed plan for that in more details will be in other parts of mail discussion
in the fossils of the great rann of the Kutch.
ADD on formation of the kutch Northern land rivers & fresh water fossils - Black
mountain/ great Rann of Kutch Fossils Dholo - Pachchhmi, Jhura range hills.
4) RANN of the Kutch & Salt lake of the RAN of the Kutch:- From West to East -
Koteshshwar, Narayan sarovar, Lakhapat , kateshwar range, Kaur bet, Mori bet
VigaKot, northern edge of Black mountains , Pachham range, Vagad - area Chobari,
Ekalmata, khadir range fossils.
As the area is isolated - Difficult to disturb is well preserved by human
activity and as restricted to human activity and under the control of BSF and
military forces for the security reasons. But with request to special
exploration with BSF we explored the area of Not only the Black mountain range
but also deep to the limit to the national boundary in the desert. Including
area of Kaur -Kunvar bet , Mori bet and deep to VigaKot and found the evidences
of fossilised marine and fresh water life fossils.
We took the teams of the selected students along with teachers to introduce the
area. for purpose of the History and introducing our borders and also
exploration and study science and geology of the area. as time permitted we
realised that we need to visit again that area to complete the work. and
suddenly commanding officer of the area realised our visit and CO of BSF visited
us to take us to those place again to revisit that area with their team and
collaborate them to explore and investigate those are. so as to full fill both
activity - reinvestigation and exploration of the area and introduce an share
the resources and collaborate the exploration and investigation with BSF and
science group of India
ADD on formation of the kutch RANN & rivers & fresh water fossils - Rann of
kutch fossils, fish and animals fresh water and marine. Plants, Brachiopods,
Gastropods, Corals, worms, crinoids, Bony fish, dinosaurs,
Full detailed report can be requested by Email reply with the area of the
required area name.
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Science and Astronomy,
Regarding the last subject of our Ancient Planetary Panchang calendar some still
have doubts and raised Positive /Negative question regarding subjects as
follows. Though we can not teach them this way but definitely guide them if they
wish to study the subject them selves and work them selves out.
Comment 1)
I am surprised to hear that year 2006 started 3 days late and none in the
astronomy community noticed this. Surprising ! BTW, how can we tell that it
was 3 days late? I mean what is the reference point? Another thing just out of
curiosity is that, how these events in the panchang are recorded? Are these data
derived from actual observations, calculations or are those taken from astronomy
community?
Comment 2)
Old indian astronomical records are good, and fairly accurate. but that does not
mean we should think that they are the best observed values ever. The gregorian
calendar is used becuase it is pretty simple, as well as widely used - imagine
having learnt only the shaka system in india and going abroad to suddenly find
the rest of the world using the gregorian
calendar, or even worse, each country using their own calendar !
Comment 3)
1. How nutation is measured by naked eyes observation? 2. How rahu and ketu are
tracked. ( i have background knowledge....so please be as technical as u can)
Again, I have no objection on the beauty of panchang system. I believe it was
the best system over widest range of time.
Very interesting if they are realy study self / work them out only, I am pleased
that some are still interested about the ancient system of the planetary
calendar and timings. But just raising a question /doubt does not full fill that
all. one has to work hard and by selves to evolve and do the job by self by
actually visiting those places and WORKING there. SUN TEMPLEs are perfect
examples of calculation time day , months & seasons and orbits of Sun and
planetary aspects and eclipse. Ancient Observatories are perfect for
astronomical measurements and measuring all the aspects of planetary science and
timings, Eclipses and Rahu and Ketu and its movements and timings of orbits
crossing points of SUN and Moon planetary orbits.
More mathematically it has been well explained in a Rare and recently
unavailable book of "Spherical astronomy" book by W.M. SMART - MANY BOOKS ARE
NOT in the market and so many use only photocopied pages of those books. though
the books are more formulated and not a ready resource like an internet browse
and data copy /download data. may be difficult to understand or work with a
applied own brain.
TEXTBOOK ON SPHERICAL ASTRONOMY W.M. SMART 4 1956
TEXTBOOK ON SPHERICAL ASTRONOMY W.M. SMART 5 1971
TEXTBOOK ON SPHERICAL ASTRONOMY W.M. SMART R.M. GREEN (Re.) 6 1977
and translated to "GOLIYA KHAGOL VIGYAN" by University Granth Nirman Board -
may be available in many old science libraries. Government of India has produced
last report of Report of the "PANCHANG SANSODHAN" also in Gujarati copy
"PANCHANG SANSODHAN samiti aheval" explaining how different panchangs were
evolved and how it works. That's again a rare report and not available
ordinarily but had to trace that by self and not just to read but to
study/calculate it. Recently an Indian Astronomer published a report on new
years day saying that "believe me or not this is not a new year day 1/1/2006 but
4/1/2006" but no body even noticed that comment and how could any one notice
that as long as they also do not have any thing to understand that statement or
to comment on not negatively but positively.
I am really pleased that many modern astronomy workers are returning to study
back from those ancient astronomical archaeological monuments. though after many
hard discussions One of such DELHI Planetarium had very good activity @ Delhi
Jantar Mantar and really thanks to Dr Ratnaji. who sincerely realised the
importance of that and carried out many activity in Delhi during Venus transit
2004. all doubts and discussion are available in message groups
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
During Moguls empire time most of such monuments are destroyed by aggressions
(12 to 15 century) Western occupation by application of forcibly western
calendar system and gradually discarding the traditional Planetary calendars (16
to 19 century) and rest we are still carrying it out after independence.
We do have many Ancient Astronomical archaeological places such as JANTAR
MANTARs , VEDH SHALAs, Sun TEMPLEs of most are either destroyed or at the brisk
of non use. Unluckily all such monuments either destroyed or in non working
situation because of most of do not know about their working methods or
restricted use of those. Many do visits those for just for interest of only
Visiting / photography but never do any observations work there because of
ignorance of the subjects. please do not take any thing personal bur There is
one Kahavat "Hiro GHOGHE jai aavyo ane Deli ye HAATh dai aavyo" where "Gogha" is
the Port of "GHOGHA" in BHAVNAGAR.
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
SCIENTIFIC CORRESPONDENCE
CURRENT SCIENCE, VOL. 84, NO. 1, 10 JANUARY 2003 21
Possible errors in historical dates: Error in correction from Julian to
Gregorian calendars We have studied five major historical events reported
between 1630 and 1680 AD, where detailed references to the stars in the night
sky are available. We show that the descriptions of the star patterns at that
time are off by exactly ten days.
For example, the solar eclipse reported in one example to occur on 20 March 1680
in fact occurred on 30 March 1680 according to the current (Gregorian) calendar.
This is checked using a computer simulation package (SkyMap Pro) and Oppelzer's
Canon of Eclipses1. We attribute this error in dating historical event(s) due to
the switchover from Julian to Gregorian calendars in the latter half of the 18th
century. Important events in Indian history are dated to an accuracy of a
specific date that is calculated based on the documentation of a specific
period(s) and historical references. However, it is often difficult to verify
these dates by independent means since historical references do not often carry
independent markers. However, documents on comparatively recent Indian history
often give detailed description of astronomical events, which can be
independently verified using modern software programs designed using data from
high precision astrometry satellites like Hipparcos and Tycho. It is observed
that while writing the history of Shivaji Maharaj, nearly all the evidences are
written according to the Julian calendar. Due to many defects, this calendar was
reformed by Pope Gregory in 1582 AD and it was announced that after 4 October
the next date will not be 5 October but 15 October.
Hence ten days were deleted from the Julian calendar, which is now named as the
Gregorian calendar. The Catholic community immediately accepted this change but
the Protestants, including the British accepted it only after 170 years, that is
on 2 September 1752 AD. They took the next day as 14 September 1752 AD. This has
a difference of 11 days because in the 170 years the difference between the two
calendars increased from 10 days to 11 days. As the Protestants were ruling many
countries across the world, such countries continued to use the Julian calendar
till that time. In India also all the history written by British historians is
according to the Julian calendar up to 1752 AD. Julius Caesar introduced the
Julian calendar and put it in practice in 45 BC.
The duration of a year in his calendar was 365.25 days as found by the
Egyptians. It differs from both the sidereal period Nakshatra varsha of 365.2564
days used in India and the tropical year of seasons equal to 365.2422 days. The
two differ because Vernal Equinox (ascending node of earth's orbit) moves
backwards, that is towards the west due to the precession of the earth's axis of
rotation around ecliptic poles at the rate of about 1 degree in 72 years. This
produces a difference of 1 day in about 71 years in the Indian calendar, and of
1 day in 128 years in the Julian calendar. In 325 AD, the sun used to enter
Vernal Equinox on 21 March. In the Julian calendar therefore, it was declared
that 21 March will be the Vernal Equinox day and it was related to the
resurrection of Christ. However, the error due to precession was not taken into
account while fixing this date. By the late 1500s the discrepancy became marked.
In 1582 AD, i.e. in 1258 years, the sun started entering the Vernal Equinox ten
days earlier (1258 × 0.0078 = 9.8 days). So on 11 March the sun entered the
Vernal Equinox point. To correct this problem, Pope Gregory cancelled ten days
of that year and after 4 October 1582 the next day was declared as 15 October
1582. The period of Gregorian calendar is 365.2425 days. So, there is still a
difference of 0.0003 days. In spite of this, for the next 3000 years the sun
will enter Vernal Equinox near 21 March2. In the history of Shivaji Maharaj,
historians have converted the moon's position (Tithi) into Julian dates.
However, after the British left, India has continued to use the Gregorian
calendar introduced by the British in 1752. So, from 1582 to 1752 AD the
difference of 10 or 11 days is also reflected in the calculation of Tithi. As a
result, by Julian calendar 20 March 1680 was new moon, but by Gregorian calendar
it was on 30 March 1680. This is highlighted in the records of events associated
with the life and times of Shivaji Maharaj. A difference of ten days is also
noted in the eclipse of January 1665 and August 1673, in the dates of stone
inscriptions of Karnataka3.
According to historians4, the date of birth of Shivaji Maharaj was in the month
of Falgun and the Tithi was Vadya Tritiya. Bhavar, Baneda and Bikaner horoscopes
of Shivaji Maharaj indicate that he was born on Sinha Lagna5. Time of birth
mentioned in Jedhe Shakavali and Shivabharata volumes yields Simha lagna only.
This is three days after the full moon day of the month of Falgun.
This also means that the moon was near the asterism Purva or Uttara Falguni (in
Leo) when it was full and after three days, it was in Hasta (Corvus) or Chitra
(Spica) in Virgo asterism. Also, three days after the full moon day, the moon
must have risen 156 min (52 × 3) later than on full moon night. So the moonrise
must be approximately at 9 p.m. At that time the rising zodiacal constellation
was Virgo. But the birth time of Shivaji Maharaj was in the evening, after
sunset. So at that time the earlier constellation
Leo must be rising on the eastern horizon.
In the history of Shivaji Maharaj, his birthday is mentioned as 19 February
1630. However, the above references do not match with the star patterns on this
date as extrapolated back in the Gregorian calendar. They match very precisely
on 1 March 1630 (ten days later). Another and probably more accurate example is
the partial solar eclipse visible from fort Raigad in the year 1680. In the
various biographies of Shivaji Maharaj, it is mentioned that partial solar
eclipse was visible on 20 March 1680.
From the Gregorian calendar there were no chances of an eclipse on that day
because the sun was in Pisces and moon was in Libra. But on 30 March 1680, an
eclipse did occur. It was in the constellation of Pisces. From Raigad the
eclipse started at 4 h 37 min in the evening. The sun was 30 degrees above the
horizon. The mid-eclipse time was 5 h 41 min in the evening. The sun was only 15
degrees above the horizon. The eclipse ended at time 6 h 38 m in the evening
when the sun was only 1.5 degrees above horizon1. This observation exactly
matches with the documented history. Table 1 gives many other events in the life
of Shivaji Maharaj, which confirm our observations. All the tithis are taken
from ref. 4.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Science and Astronomy,
We generally used to believe that new Gregorian calendar is more stable and easy
to understand and predict. But that's because we just know only that and do not
see our old PANCHANG as westerners has discarded and so we followed them blindly
too. But the Dates are not correct and so actually new year day 1/1/06 was 3
days late and that was actual 4/1/06 as Sun position in the sky star map for new
year positioned before 3 days. Not only that in 19 Century 1878 actual
astronomically Moon and Sun positioned for DIWALI early on 27Sept.
1) 14/10/1878 kartak krushnapaksha trutiya somvar Sanvat 1935 means Diwali was
27/28Sept.
2) 01/10/1883 ashvin krishnapaksha amavasya somvar Sanvat 1940 Diwali
As no one can change the positions of Moon and the Sun the most stable calendar
is adapted in our ancient life. But with only a new calendar make to understand
it more difficult. Do not be confused let me give an simple example.
Why the predictions of Eclipses become difficult with new calendars. because
unsynchronised with the Sun and Planetary aspects. if we ask any one to predict
eclipses most of will struggle to do so with new dates. and as we are not in
touch with our ancient calendar system.
But with our Ancient Panchang Calendars it is very easy to predict if we are in
touch with that type of Calendars and used to it. e.g. all solar eclipse are
regularly follows every year of lunar Months (AND ADJUSTED MONTH - after 2007,
every 3 years). And Solar Eclipse is on AMAVSYA only not following Dates - so
there is simple tradition to follow that. That's why record do exist that
Mahabharat was having a Total Solar ECLIPSE. but now with new calendars ONLY
fools do say that some one else just predicted eclipse correctly!!!
Take some examples of recent Solar eclipses as follows:-
2005 April 8 Friday Annular-Total 100.8% 0m46.8s Partial: New Zealand, Pacific
Ocean, Central and Southern America, Southern and Eastern part of USA
Total: Pacific Ocean
Annular: Costa Rica, Panama, Columbia, Venezuela,
2005 October 3 Monday Annular 95.8 % 4m26.4s Partial: Europe, Africa,
South-West Asia, Indian Subcontinent, Indian Ocean
Annular: Portugal, Spain, Algeria, Tunesia, Libya, Chad, Sudan,
Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia
2006 March 29 Wednesday Total 105.2% 4m10.9s Partial: Eastern parts of
Brazil, Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Africa, Asia
Total: Brazil, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Libya, Egypt,
Turkey, Georgia, Russia, Kazakstan, (Mongolia)
2006 September 22 Friday Annular 93.6% 7m04.2s Partial: South America,
Atlantic Ocean, Western and Southern Africa, Antarctica
Annular: Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, Brazil
2007 March 19 Monday Partial 84.4% Partial: Asia, Alaska
2007 September 11 Tuesday Partial 79.5% Partial: South America,
Antarctica
There is a Good Chance to watch the total Solar eclipse 2006 March 29 Wednesday,
13h 56m 00s but only with due CARE. As the area is geologically unstable and
needs heath security and beware of Avian flue cross infections.
New developments going to happen
Kharoi Villega Museum development @
http://www.gujaratsamachar.com/gsa/20051205/guj/gujarat/news54.html
Rann of Kutch as Biosphere reservation @
http://www.gujaratsamachar.com/gsa/20051206/guj/gujarat/news52.html
MatanoMAD and narayan sarovar Tourism development @
http://www.gujaratsamachar.com/gsa/20051207/guj/gujarat/news53.html
Sun
Time:
2006 March 29 Wednesday, 13h 56m 00s
JD: 2453823.9555605 TDT: 2453823.9563113 deltaT: 64.87 sec
Apparent sideral time: Local: 1h 25m 33.252s Greenwich: 23h 22m 50.052s
(All times in EEST, UTC+03:00, topocentric data for User Site, Turkey)
Carrington rotation with number 2041 started at 14. Mar. 2006, 16:55:41 EET
Geocentric:
True distance: 0.9984608 AU Light time: 0h 08m 18.2s
Equatorial Coordinates
Apparent: R.A. 0h 31m 38.5s Dec. + 3d 24' 53.9"
Ecliptical Coordinates
Geometric: Lon. 8d 37' 04.8" Lat. - 0d 00' 00.1" (mean equinox,
ecliptic of date)
At zenith: Lon. 17d 12' 07" Lat. + 3d 24' 54" (WGS84 coordinates)
Topocentric:
Airfree coordinates
Altitude: 54.2857 deg Azimuth: 203.4891 deg Direction:
South-Southwest SSW
Astrometric: R.A. 0h 31m 19.3s Dec. + 3d 22' 44.4" (J2000)
Apparent: R.A. 0h 31m 38.4s Dec. + 3d 24' 49.0"
Coordinates including refraction
Altitude: 54.30 deg Azimuth: 203.49 deg Direction: South-Southwest
SSW
Apparent: R.A. 0h 31m 39s Dec. + 3d 25' 29"
Rises: 6h 48.1m (Azimuth: 85.2° E)
Transit: 13h 02m 06.4s (Altitude: +56.50°)
Sets: 19h 16.7m (Azimuth: 275.0° W)
Time above horizon: 12h 28.7m
In constellation Pisces (Psc)
In zodiac sign Aries, 8.6°
Physical:
Diameter: + 0d 32' 02.25"
Visual magnitude: -27.0 mag
Sub-Earth Phi: -6.68 deg, Lambda: 164.4 deg (CM Central Meridian)
Carrington Rotation Number: 2041
PositionAngle of axis: 333.97 deg (from North to East)
Position Angle of axis: 315.22 deg (from Zenith to East)
Print
Local Circumstances for Solar Eclipse (or Transit)
Wednesday 29 March 2006 Time Object Event
12h37m34.6s Partial Solar Eclipse begins
Position angle=226.1°, Position angle vertex=235.0°, Altitude=56.0°,
Azimuth=169.0° S
13h54m25.7s Umbra eclipse begins
Position angle=193.1°, Position angle vertex=174.9°, Altitude=54.4°,
Azimuth=202.8° SSW
13h56m00.4s Maximum eclipse: Total Solar Eclipse
Magnitude=105.019%, Obscuration=100.000%
Separation=27.29", Position angle=137.5°, Position angle
vertex=118.8°, Altitude=54.3°, Azimuth=203.5° SSW,
Duration partial phase=2.59 hours Duration total/annular phase=3.15
minutes, ET-UT=64.9sec
?Load path of the Total Solar Eclipse into Google Earth
13h57m34.9s Umbra eclipse ends
Position angle=82.1°, Position angle vertex=62.8°, Altitude=54.2°,
Azimuth=204.1° SSW
15h12m47.2s Partial Solar Eclipse ends
Position angle=49.7°, Position angle vertex=11.8°, Altitude=45.1°,
Azimuth=229.7° SW
Export to Outlook/PDA Print
Current Local Data of Eclipse
Total Solar Eclipse
Magnitude=105.019%, Obscuration=100.000%,
Position angle=137.5° Position angle vertex=118.8°, Altitude=54.3°,
Azimuth=203.5° SSW
Separation=27.3", 0.0284 Sun Radi,
dRA=18.4", 0.0192 Sun Radi, dDec=-20.1", -0.0209 Sun Radi
Maximum eclipse: Total Solar Eclipse
Magnitude=105.019%, Obscuration=100.000%
Separation=27.29", Position angle=137.5°, Position angle
vertex=118.8°, Altitude=54.3°, Azimuth=203.5° SSW,
Duration partial phase=2.59 hours Duration total/annular phase=3.15
minutes, ET-UT=64.9sec
?Load path of the Total Solar Eclipse into Google Earth
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Geology and science , Wish you all a very happy and prosparous
new year 2006
Geology expedition of Kutch and RANN of the KUTCH - Main land Kutch and its main
Rivers Khari Pur river basins.
Fossil also has lifespan, as it takes time to form, it also get destroyed as
time pass, weather and nature destroys them as time goes on and so after 500
-600 million years later fossils are difficult to trace or identify them. So if
we do not find any fossils beyond the time 1bn years old does not mean that
there was no life. Life was there too and may be fossilised later and eventually
may have destroyed those fossilised evidences as time ticks on.
Kutch is believed to be such main land which was part of Original Gondwana land
(JUMBU DWIP). and so as fossils of the area does suggest that. but that goes
back only to the certain period of the time limit. But scientist and Vedas do
agree that fife was existing well before that. (Both views are in favour of life
origin was started before 2bn years back). so where are those evidences and
fossils? naturally nature has power to regenerate and destroy itself.
ADD on formation of the kutch main land & rivers & Marine fossils - Khatrod
range of Fossils, Wood Fossils and Pre Jurassic animal bones and eggs fossils.
1) Main land Kutch and Main land river basin - KHARI & Zadko Zadki : -As main
land kutch was the original and part of Original Gondwana land (JUMBU DWIP) it
has secretes held in it. and its main land river basins. Main land Kutch and its
main Rivers Khari Pur river basins are explored and exploration work gave some
very interesting results. As main land is the oldest land of Kutch - most
probably all fossilised and evidential may have been destroyed by nature. and so
to examine the fact we visited to the areas of hills and layers of rivers KHARI
- Pur & ZADKO ZADKI.
Naturally we find difficulty to trace any fossilised evidences in that area of
hills of Bhuj and Bhujio and Khari river basin and Zadko zadki. but just 2-3 km
south we find fossils in Fatel Talav means during the lift up of the Khartol
Range some concealed sea water remained there and later formation of marine
fossils of that time - later than the Khatrol fossils formation. we will carry
on finding further evidences and if we succeed to find any thing contradictory
to present beliefs in the layers of the mainland and near Bhuj hill area or in
the layers of rivers of the main land - Khari - Zadko - zadki, will need to
bring in to the light.
To the east we visited the Gado and Chandruvo - Jandhario in the area of main
land Kutch. but some excavation work revealed some shell fossils formed in fresh
water. which may have been formed later than the main land formation. which is
much younger than the original Main land and Khatrod range fossils of Marine
life. But if any evidential - fossilised thing can be found on the main land
area of kutch or in the layers River KHARI - Pur & Zadko Zadki of main land
rivers will help to trace the original life evolution not only the Kutch but on
the Earth. So as the undisturbed are of the great Rann of the Kutch in the North
of the Kutch and its boundaries will give an evidential clues of the origin of
the life on the Earth. as it is still preserved in undisturbed situation in its
original BIOSPHERE. and so its has been requested to reserve the area of
Biosphere along with reservation of fossil area of Lanki hills, Khatrod range.
ADD on formation of the kutch main land & rivers & Marine fossils - Khatrod
range of Fossils, Wood Fossils and Pre Jurassic animal bones and eggs fossils.
Habbo Hills, Chadava hills, Lanki hills fossils, Kathrod Range fossils. Trace
fossils, Plants, Animals, Vertebrates/invertebrates, Brachiopods, Gastropods,
jellyfish, Belemnites, Ammonites, Corals, squids, fish, cro amphibians, and
turtles.
Full detailed report can be requested by Email reply with the area of the
required area name.
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Science and geology,
In the first Month of new year, a six mail series is sent regarding fossils and
geology rich areas of different parts of Kutch and RANN of Kutch for the geology
awareness of the KUTCH - (Gold mine of fossils and Geology). and also last year
a letter and mails sent to the government and departments for the reservation of
the fossil areas of the Kutch. (copy of letter is attached). Government is also
interested in making fossil park but not the reservation of the fossil sites of
the KUTCH. but taking fossils from Kutch and keep it at the GandhiNagar fossil
park. we should preserve the area of the source of golden eggs and not just to
kill the Hen giving the golden eggs. A fossil reservation areas are to be
secured and investment to be done to secure the treasure and development for
opportunities for jobs and Science research.
Read this news - Fossil park of GandhiNagar Used Kutch Fossils for @
http://www.gujaratsamachar.com/gsa/20060101/guj/gujarat/news53.html
A six weekly series of mails will be sent in new year 2006, to all geology and
Science lover as a part to introduction of the Kutch Geology and Expedition of
the year 2005.
1) Geology expedition of Kutch and RANN of the KUTCH - Main land Kutch and its
main land Kutch and Main land Rivers KHARI - Pur -& Zadko Zadki river basins.
ADD on layers of the oldest rivers basin formation of the kutch main land rivers
& fresh water fossils - Chandruvo - Jandhario mountain range fossils.
2) Eastern kutch: Vagad - khadir and Chobari (Land of Pandavas):- ADD on
formation of the kutch eastern land rivers & fresh water fossils - chobari
mountain fossils, Ramvav Fossils . Gedi and bhim guda needs exploration in
details and Bhanjano mountain in the middle of the salt lake of Rann in khadir
will be discussed at later stage with expiration of the Rann of the Kutch and
reserved biosphere. Plants, Animals, Brachiopods, Gastropods, Belemnites,
Corals, Bony fish. Early Eocene snakes of kutch, turtles and Amphibians..
3) South of Kutch (Mandvi rural - Mundra and rural area ):- ADD on formation
of the kutch southern land rivers & Marine fossils - Wood Fossils and Jurassic
animal bones and eggs fossils. Roha Hills area. coastal hill range findings.
Plants, Animals, Vertebrates/invertebrates, Belemnites, Ammonites, Corals,
urchins, starfish, brittle stars, mammals, and turtles.
4) Western Kutch - Abadasa and Lakhapat:- ADD on NAND nanu, Murchaban fossils
and fresh water fossils Adadasa Marine fossils. Crocodilians fossils, Eocene
snake fossils of Panadhro.
5) Northern Kutch : Black mountain range and Kaurbet - Mori bet area. ADD on
formation of the kutch Northern land rivers & fresh water fossils - Black
mountain/ great Rann of Kutch Fossils Dholo - Pachchhmi, Jhura range hills.
6) RANN of the Kutch & Salt lake of the RAN of the Kutch:- From West to East -
Koteshshwar, Narayan sarovar, Lakhapat , kateshwar range, Kaur bet, Mori bet
VigaKot, northern edge of Black mountains , Pachham range, Vagad - area Chobari,
Ekalmata, khadir range fossils. ADD on formation of the kutch RANN & rivers &
fresh water fossils - Rann of kutch fossils, fish and animals fresh water and
marine. Dino fossils.
Full detailed report can be requested by Email reply with the area of the
required area name.
I also wish you also give your contribution of your expertise fields of Geology
and Science to our Science Groups Of INDIA. so all get benefits of science.
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.photos.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/lst and all groups
has more in FILE sections and PHOTO folders. Please do Join us and Visit those
groups too to support the science development in INDIA.
To: Department Of geology & Education
The Government of Gujarat State,
Gujarat - I N D I A
Dated. 15August 2005.
From: "Kutch Science Foundation".
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
Subject: Reservation of the treasured land area of fossils of KUTCH for the
Geological research interest of the University of KUTCH.
Dear Sir/Madam,
Kutch is very rich area of geological science, not only for the minerals of the
land but also the fossil rich area of KUTCH gives name as "GOLD MINE OF
GEOLOGY". 80% of the types of known fossil types of the world are available only
in KUTCH and also very rare type of soft body fossils are also available in some
of the following fossil rich area.
Our observations suggested that if such areas are not protected than some trader
mentality people will still those and vandals will destroy such treasure which
are useful for the research work of the geology and kutch University will loose
such a treasure of the educational interest.
So we request the government and the concerned geological departments to take an
appropriate earliest action to reserve such an area mentioned below for the
purpose of the Kutch university geological research purpose.
As Balasinor is decided as a fossil reserved area for the dinosaurs' fossil
land, Kutch has multiple varieties of fossils along with rare type of fossils
and those needs protection from steeling mentality traders and vandals.
Area of the RANN of the Kutch (also area near ANJAR - Kutch)known for dinosaurs'
fossil is under the Military and BSF protection from such traders and vandals
but following area needs the further protection as reserve fossil land.
Areas covered for the reservations:
Area of the KHATROL range of the mountain 5 Km south of BHUJ extending from EAST
- WEST (Kukma, LAHER to LANKI - BHARASAR) covering mountain range of the area of
the following - LAHER, GANGESHWAR - Gunavari River area, Tapkeshwar and JADURA
mountain area, Bharapar sanatorium and SADATA, Bharasar and LANKI mountain area.
Amongst those the Gangeshwar mountain area and Gunavari River area is very rich
with millions of fossils of variety of types of fossils including the rare
variety of the soft body marine fossils. So it needs particularly an attention
to protect it with an earliest action by the Government of the GUJARAT state.
Types of the fossils available in the area:
Marine fossils : multiple varieties of ammonite and other cephalopods soft body
fossils. Eg. Octopus soft body fossils.
Belemnites,
Fish and jelly fish fossils,
Turtles and Turtle egg Fossils,
Crocodilians,
Sea shells - Shankhs and chips,
Coral and coral rift fossils,
+ wood fossils and Grass and vegetation fossils,
Pre Jurassic Egg hatcheries.
Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
Copy to:
Collector of the Kutch,
Department of geology of Kutch,
University of Kutch,
News Media and Press.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Docs and science friends,
Cell transplant may cure diabetes Trials of a new treatment for diabetes
could lead to a cure for the disease within 10 years, researchers say.
Doctors at Oxford's Churchill Hospital are trying to perfect the
transplant of insulin-producing clusters of pancreas cells (islets) into
patients' livers.
The cells then enable the patient to make their own insulin, which
regulates blood sugar levels, like non-diabetics.
It is hoped the new treatment may end the need for patients to have
pancreas transplants or daily insulin jabs.
By reversing diabetes we hope that we will prevent the long term
conditions of the disease ... such as blindness and kidney failure
Paul Johnson
Director of islet transplantation programme
The research team hopes its trials, in adult patients with type 1
diabetes, will lead within the next five to 10 years to the perfecting of a
simple operation that can reverse the condition in both children and adults.
The technique involves the removal of the clusters of cells - known as
islets - from a donated pancreas in highly sterile conditions.
The cells are then injected directly into the patient's liver in what is a
fairly simple procedure.
Director of the islet transplant programme and expert in paediatric
surgery Mr Paul Johnson said: "The real advantage of islet transplantation in
the future is that we hope we will be able to prevent children from having to
have regular insulin injections.
"Also in the long term by reversing diabetes we hope that we will prevent
the long-term conditions of the disease which develop 20 to 30 years later such
as blindness and kidney failure."
Currently, the cell transplant requires high doses of anti-rejection drugs
which present a danger to children.
Daily injections
So before they can even by trialled in young people, a process where these
drugs are not needed has to be developed, Mr Johnson said.
Although his team also hopes to revolutionise treatment within the next
decade, they acknowledge the process is still "quite inefficient".
The trials are taking place at a new £1.2 million facility funded by the
Diabetes Research and Wellness Foundation (DRWF) based within the Oxford Centre
for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism.
Here, the focus is on ensuring exceptional levels of cleanliness and staff
have to pass through rooms which become progressively cleaner.
The transplant technique was originally pioneered by researchers from
Oxford University and more recently improved by a team in Edmonton, Canada.
DRWF executive director Sarah Bone said her organisation had funded the
research facility because of its potential benefit to child patients.
'Everything to us'
She said it was important diabetics were given some hope and that it was
thought a cure could be found within five to 10 years.
She said: "They (diabetics) need some hope, they need to have something to
work towards. It's good for us to be able to give them some information about
islet cell transplantation."
Six-year-old Emily Bates has had to have daily insulin injections since
she was 16-months-old.
Her mother Jane Bates, of West Hendred, near Oxford, said they were very
intrusive to her daughter's daily life and were difficult to administer.
She said of the potential breakthrough: "It means everything to us.
"To think that by the time she is a young women she won't have to have all
these restrictions on her."
Jo Brodie, Islet project co-ordinator at Diabetes UK, said the new
purpose-built facility would enable researchers to build on the initial islet
research it had funded.
"Research carried out at the facility will also help further our
understanding of what causes diabetes, taking us another step closer in finding
a cure."
Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Astronomy Space and science,
Watch the launch
The US space agency, Nasa, has successfully launched its New Horizons
mission to Pluto.
The probe lifted off at 1900 GMT aboard an Atlas 5 rocket on a 10-year
journey to the planet, which lies more than five billion km from Earth.
The $700m probe will gather information on Pluto and its moons before - it
is hoped - pressing on to explore other objects in the outer Solar System.
Pluto is the only remaining planet that has never been visited by a
spacecraft.
The spacecraft was launched after being postponed for two consecutive days
due to bad weather and technical difficulties.
On Tuesday, controllers stood down the flight due to high winds at the
Cape Canaveral Air Force Station pad in Florida.
Then a power failure at the Maryland laboratory managing the mission
forced that launch attempt to be halted.
Slingshot manoeuvre
Sending up the probe before 3 February means it will be in position to
swing by Jupiter on its way to Pluto.
New Horizons will use Jupiter's gravity to pick up speed in a slingshot
manoeuvre.
Mission Guide: New Horizons
This will increase the probe's speed away from the Sun by nearly 4km/s,
allowing the spacecraft to reach the ninth planet by July 2015.
If the launch had been pushed beyond the 3 February, the probe would have
been required to take a direct route to Pluto, arriving in 2018 at the earliest.
Some astronomers say Pluto is not a true planet at all, and should be
classed instead alongside the small, icy objects which make up the region of
space known as the Kuiper Belt.
This region, which lies beyond Neptune, consists of perhaps tens of
thousands of icy objects spread out between 30 and 50 times the distance between
the Earth and the Sun.
Double planet
Pluto is thought by some to form a "double planet" with its companion
Charon.
New Horizons will fly by Pluto and Charon on the same day. The
spacecraft's seven instruments will carry out detailed mapping of Pluto's
surface features, composition and atmosphere.
"The probe will map the composition of materials on the surface of Pluto
[and Charon], which will help tell us what molecules were present during the
formation of this system," Dr Stephen Lowry of Queen's University in Belfast,
UK, told the BBC News website.
After the Pluto encounter, it is up to Nasa to decide whether to grant the
spacecraft an extended mission. Should this happen, mission scientists plan to
send New Horizons to visit two Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) with diameters of 50km
(30 miles) or more.
Scientists believe they can learn about the evolution of the Solar System
by studying the Kuiper Belt since it possesses debris left over form its
formation.
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear friends of Wild life and Nature,
Recently Bird lovers has started an birding activity in the western Kutch Naliya
and in the northeren kutch area near Fulay Chhari Dhand. and we should take all
advantage of their ecological activity and participate to conserve our wildlife
reserves.
Birds wild life of western Kutch Naliya and Fulay Chari Dhand - More of
Flamingo is @ http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
Little Rann Of Kutch
District: Kutch Area: This is one of the largest wildlife sanctuaries
in India, spanning some 4950 sq ft in area, and comprising a range habitats from
saline desert plains, arid grasslands, rocky and thorn scrub to lakes and
marshes.
Main species found:
Wild Ass, Nilgai, Chinkara, both desert and Indian Foxes, Jackals, Indian
wolf, pale and long eared Hedgehogs, Hubara bustard, both spotted and Indian
sandgrouse, Nine species of lark, desert wheatear, pied wheatear, Indian
courser, five species of quail , grey francolin, six species of falcon, five of
vultures, three of harrier, short toed eagle, five species of aquila eagle etc.
Narayan Sarovar Chinkara Sanctuary : Wildlife
Location: Kutch District - 2 km. from Narayan Sarovar. Area : Approx 444
sq.km. Wildlife: Chinkara or the Indian gazelle, blue bull, spotted deer,
wildboar and rich variety of smaller wildlife
Chadva reserve has crocodiles and birds - Long-legged Buzzards
Blue-cheeked Bee-eaters Parus nuchalis White-naped Tits Long-legged Buzzards
Chadva reserved forest
Country/Territory
NALIYA (Kutch) India
Administrative region(s)
Central coordinates
68o 45' East 23o 30' North Map
Area
50000 ha
Altitude
15 - m
Criteria
A1
Habitats and percentage cover
Grassland
-
Species Season
Year
Min
Max
Quality
Criteria
Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Lesser Florican (Sypheotides indicus) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Sociable Lapwing (Vanellus gregarius) - 2004 0 0 - A1
White-browed Bushchat (Saxicola macrorhynchus) - 2004 0 0 - A1
IN082 Banni Grassland and Chhari Dhand
Country/Territory
FULAY Chari Dhand (Kutch) India
Administrative region(s)
Central coordinates
69o 24' East 23o 42' North Map
Area
384700 ha
Altitude
2 - 5m
Criteria
A1, A4i, A4iii
Habitats and percentage cover
Forest
-
Grassland
-
Shrubland
-
Wetlands (inland)
-
Species Season
Year
Min
Max
Quality
Criteria
Dalmatian Pelican (Pelecanus crispus) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Marbled Teal (Marmaronetta angustirostris) - 2004 0 0 - A1
White-rumped Vulture (Gyps bengalensis) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Indian Vulture (Gyps indicus) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Greater Spotted Eagle (Aquila clanga) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Sarus Crane (Grus antigone) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Common Crane (Grus grus) - 2004 0 0 - A4i
Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Houbara Bustard (Chlamydotis undulata) unknown 2004 0 0 - A1
Lesser Florican (Sypheotides indicus) - 2004 0 0 - A1
Indian Skimmer (Rynchops albicollis) - 2004 0 0 - A1
White-naped Tit (Parus nuchalis) - 2004 0 0 - A1
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Geology and science , Wish you all a very happy and prosparous
new year 2006
Geology expedition of Kutch and RANN of the KUTCH - Main land Kutch and its main
Rivers Khari Pur river basins.
Fossil also has lifespan, as it takes time to form, it also get destroyed as
time pass, weather and nature destroys them as time goes on and so after 500
-600 million years later fossils are difficult to trace or identify them. So if
we do not find any fossils beyond the time 1bn years old does not mean that
there was no life. Life was there too and may be fossilised later and eventually
may have destroyed those fossilised evidences as time ticks on.
Kutch is believed to be such main land which was part of Original Gondwana land
(JUMBU DWIP). and so as fossils of the area does suggest that. but that goes
back only to the certain period of the time limit. But scientist and Vedas do
agree that fife was existing well before that. (Both views are in favour of life
origin was started before 2bn years back). so where are those evidences and
fossils? naturally nature has power to regenerate and destroy itself.
South of Kutch (Mandvi rural - Mundra and rural area ):- Southern part of the
Kutch was lifted after the lift up of the Khatrod range and so is younger than
the Main land kutch and so holds clues of Jurassic time and boundary period of
the Jurassic/cretaceous time. Along with Anjar and its lake - and surrounding
hold clues Jurassic time Dinosaurs. South of Khatrod range marine fossils, wood
fossils and vegetative fossils suggesting whole history of lift of the land from
the bottom of the sea and formation of the jungles in the area in the cretaceous
time and also Jurassic time bone fossils gives whole time scale of the formation
of land, forest and Jurassic animal living in the area in that time scale.
Lanki Hills Range and Khatrol kills has not only Marine finger prints of the
formation of the land but also vegetative and Forest finger prints there after
and later Jurassic period animals. Southern costal region and its hill area has
rich treasure for Jurassic animals and egg fossils. Khatrol hill range has not
only marine finger prints but also rare form of the soft body fossils of marine
animals (While formation of fossils - animal soft body gets decayed and so
fossil formation happens only for shells of the body or bones and eggs shells -
but in rare cases in favourable situations only Soft body fossils can be formed
) long back to Pre Jurassic and up to 220mn yeras back, and there after
cretaceous fossils. so its suggestive that the seismic changes has happens
frequently and periodically and transformation process is still active.
ADD on formation of the kutch southern land rivers & Marine fossils - Wood
Fossils and Jurassic animal bones and eggs fossils. Roha Hills area. coastal
hill range findings. Plants, Animals, Vertebrates/invertebrates, Belemnites,
Ammonites, Corals, urchins, starfish, brittle stars, mammals, and turtles.
Full detailed report can be requested by Email reply with the area of the
required area name.
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Geology and science ,
Wish you all a very Happy Makar Sankranti and UttarAyan.
Geology expedition of Kutch and RANN of the KUTCH.
Fossil also has lifespan, as it takes time to form, it also get destroyed as
time pass, weather and nature destroys them as time goes on and so after 500
-600 million years later fossils are difficult to trace or identify them. So if
we do not find any fossils beyond the time 1bn years old does not mean that
there was no life. Life was there too and may be fossilised later and eventually
may have destroyed those fossilised evidences as time ticks on.
Kutch is believed to be such main land which was part of Original Gondwana land
(JUMBU DWIP). and so as fossils of the area does suggest that. but that goes
back only to the certain period of the time limit. But scientist and Vedas do
agree that fife was existing well before that. (Both views are in favour of life
origin was started before 2bn years back). so where are those evidences and
fossils? naturally nature has power to regenerate and destroy itself.
To the East we visited the Gado and Chandruvo - Jandhario in the area of main
land Kutch. but some excavation work revealed some shell fossils formed in fresh
water. which may have been formed later than the main land formation. which is
much younger than the original Main land and Khatrol range fossils of Marine
life. But if any evidential - fossilised thing can be found on the main land
area of kutch or in the layers River KHARI - Pur & Zadko Zadki of main land
rivers will help to trace the original life evolution not only the Kutch but on
the Earth. So as the undisturbed are of the great Rann of the Kutch in the North
of the Kutch and its boundaries will give an evidential clues of the origin of
the life on the Earth. as it is still preserved in undisturbed situation in its
original BIOSPHERE. and so its has been requested to reserve the area of
Biosphere along with reservation of fossil area of Khatrod range.
Eastern kutch (VITHROI hills - SARSLALA Hills) : Vagad - Lime stone belt -
khadir and Chobari (Land of Pandavas) :- Rapar, Khadir and whole of the Great
RANN of the kutch - is also rich in the fossilised land area , wood fossils
vegetative Fossils holds clues for origin of the life on the Earth itself.
Chobari has fossilised marine and sea shore shell fossils. suggesting the area
lift up at a later stage than the main land kutch. Ramvav Fossils of fresh water
fishes and bones hold the clues for fresh water life later than the main land
formation. and soon government will proceed to reserve such an area in three
different parts, reserved Biosphere area , surrounded by research area and outer
expiration visiting area. Anjar area having fossilised clues for dinosaurs.
at the early time origin of the flow of the water of Sindhu / saraswati was not
the Himalaya, as that time that source was not there at all. water from the
Indian continental plate was the source of the water and later with the
formation of Himalayas and new tributaries joined those existing water channels
to form the famous rivers of Sindhu saraswati.
With the gradual lift up of the area of river basins shifted the course of
sindhu towards the west where it is at the present and saraswati basin dried up
slowly with the seismic lift up of the river basin area. where at present we can
see the underground water flow is still existing well near to the ground levels
(in Ekal mata, Kali Ramvav, Khedoi in Anjar) though in other place water level
has well deep down and some places too deep to irrigate. so government also
trying to revive that by putting water back in the Rann of the Kutch and also
make a fresh water sarovar by Narmada water in the little raan of kutch. as that
area is just as sea level on GPS readings. and Narmada water can flow to sea
levelled small Rann of the kutch just by gravitation only.
Only we might loose an area of NANDA in little Rann of the Kutch which is reach
for its speciality of wild life and habitant for lesser flamingo nursery and
Wild ass -Gudkhar. still some area is inaccessible as water and salt make it not
explorable, that area remains the reserved biosphere holding the secretes of the
origin of the life and research needs to be carried out in that respect.
government has proposed plan for that in more details will be in other parts of
mail discussion in the fossils of the great rann of the Kutch.
ADD on formation of the kutch eastern land rivers & fresh water fossils -
chobari mountain fossils, Ramvav Fossils . Gedi and bhim guda needs exploration
in details and Bhanjano mountain in the middle of the salt lake of Rann in
khadir will be discussed at later stage with expiration of the Rann of the Kutch
and reserved biosphere. Plants, Animals, Brachiopods, Gastropods, Belemnites,
Corals, Bony fish. Early Eocene snakes of kutch, turtles and Amphibians.
Full detailed report can be requested by Email reply with the area of the
required area name.
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
From: KutchScience
Sent: Saturday, January 07, 2006 11:40 AM
Subject: Harappa Shield of Swastika found @ Harappan Civilisation@
http://www.harappa.com/indus4/315.html
Dear friends of Science and Archaeology,
Most of the Time old Civilisation are not identified correctly, and western
worlds always against to consider the reality of the Civilisation truth. As
Pyramids in the Egypt were visible to every one and to the western world while
their occupation, that was considered as oldest civilisation in the world. and
importance given to only their findings and actually Pyramids were not found by
them - those were there with the local people at that time. Indus civilisation
in Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa described younger than other civilisations.
Mesopotamian civilisation also described their findings
But since few years finding Dholavira of Saraswati civilisation in the Kutch and
Gujarat, every thing is changed as those Saraswati civilisations are 500 years
older than those other oldest civilisations and Cambay findings goes back to
double time of those pyramid times.
There are about 1200 civilisations in the Indian continental region. most around
the Sindhu and Vedic Saraswati river basins. amongst about more than 100 are
just in the Kutch of which Dholavira & Juni Kuran are famous but there are few
new are here and rest are at the bottom of the mail
Dholvira (Kotada) 23.58N - 70.12E (Kotadi 23.58N - 70.12E)
Kotara-Juni-Karan 24.00N - 69.45E
Gadhwaliwadi 23.30N - 69.03E
Kanthkot 23.29N - 70.29E
Desalpur 23.29N - 69.10E & (Gunthai 23.28N - 69.09E)
Khedoi 23.03N - 69.57E (Details of Khedoi Sarasvati civilisation)
Zura (Jhura) is situated North West of BHUJ (23:24N - 69:39E)
Some of the recent findings have changed every thing. and as one of the Branch
of Saraswati river was going down to kutch Rann , via LOTHAL in saurashtra to
Khambat. where civilisation found under the sea. Now the picture became clearer
that actual Saraswati Civilisation and the Indus Civilisation were the original
source of the all civilisation in the world. and that spread all over the world
and so all similar symbols of Boats are found in every civilisation saying that
they travelled by boat in the sea and rivers to Asia, middle east Mesopotamia
and even to Egypt. not only that it goes beyond that across Atlantic to America
to Mexico in MAYA civilisation and actually people from Asia crossed the
Atlantic well before - 20000 years ago and live in caves of Mexico and Mayan
caves.
Traditionally All civilisation has signs of worshiping Snakes, Naag Deva, Sun
and they have farming techniques (As old Hindu traditions), Recent finding shows
that they also had Metalic Vepons (arrows and spears) jwelery - dimonds and
perls as well. Why west and the rest of the world was hesitating to accept those
as Hindu civilisation? they kept hidden some findings at that time. But now that
is hammered and one of the Harappa Shield of Swastika found @ Harappan
Civilisation was taken by British and is kept in the History museum of the
London. means all civilisation including Pyramids of gaza in Egypt, mesopotemia,
Maya, are from the source of Hindu - Sindhu Saraswati civilisation and spread
to all over the world. No one can hide that truth any longer now.
Chitrol 23.24N - 70.40E
Jatavadar 23.45N - 70.40E
Kerasi 23.40N - 70.44E
Khakhra Dera 23.34N - 70.29E
Khari-Ka-Khanda 23.27N - 70.19E
Kotada Bhadli 1 23.22N - 69.26E
Kotada Bhadli 2 23.22N - 69.26E
Kotada 23.17N - 70.06E
Kotara-Juni-Karan 24.00N - 69.45E
Lakhapar 23.33N - 70.28E
Lakhpat 23.50N - 68.47E
Morvo 23.50N - 70.42E
Narapa 23.34N - 69.05E
Nenu-Ni-Dhar 23.51N - 69.44E
Pirwada 23.20N - 70.00E
Pabunath 23.38N - 70.31E
Rampara (Vekera No Timbo) 23.30N - 70.45E
Ramvav 23.32N - 70.28E
Samaghoga 22.55N - 69.40E
Selari 22.42N - 70.37E
Surkotada 23.37N - 70.50E
Todio 23.05N - 69.55E
Vada 23.34N - 69.03E
Harappan Shield of Swastika found @ Harappa Civilisation - Religion
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Dear Friends of Geology and science ,
Geology expedition of Western Kutch
Fossil also has lifespan, as it takes time to form, it also get destroyed as
time pass, weather and nature destroys them as time goes on and so after 500
-600 million years later fossils are difficult to trace or identify them. So if
we do not find any fossils beyond the time 1bn years old does not mean that
there was no life. Life was there too and may be fossilised later and eventually
may have destroyed those fossilised evidences as time ticks on.
Kutch is believed to be such main land which was part of Original Gondwana land
(JUMBU DWIP). and so as fossils of the area does suggest that. but that goes
back only to the certain period of the time limit. But scientist and Vedas do
agree that fife was existing well before that. (Both views are in favour of life
origin was started before 2bn years back). so where are those evidences and
fossils? naturally nature has power to regenerate and destroy itself.
Western Kutch - Abadasa Vamoti Hills and Lakhpat MatanoMad hills and kateshwar
area:- the area of Abadasa shows the lift up in late cretaceous. and so
formation of land has fossil formation of the Sea Shells - (Blowing Shanks) of
that time and also formation of fossil fuel - we have explored area before 25
years for about two years on our routine work schedules and we found a fossil
fuel oozing out of the ground and vaporising and leaving the distinct sign of
the oily marks on the sand of the area between Prajau and Vadapadhhar Near
JAKHAU. and drilling exploration work will start for oil exploration in that sea
shore are.
Lakhpat is also rich in the fossil area not only for marine life but also fresh
water animal shells and also on Pollen fossil formation, giving clues of the
vegetations on that area and also water - fresh water and its life and also
marine evidences for the formation of the land of the area. and vegetative and
pollen fossils are suggestive of early plant life. Murchban area near Matano
mad and Mad kotada (MatanoMad hills ) is also rich in coral fossils as well as
fresh water animal shell fossil. lakhpat coal mine area is having not only
fossil fuel but also suggestive of the forests in the Kutch during that time and
giant pre Jurassic animal fossils of giant crocodilian. a skeleton of
crocodilian from coal mine (pre Jurassic crocodile ancestors) used to be giant
size of 9 to 12 meters (unlike today's 3-4 meter size crocodiles) long giant
crocodilian who used to prey on dinosaur's ancestors.
As that was the time scale of cretaceous/jurasic bondary time - forests in the
kutch and that forest was formed in to coal mine and those crocodilian are used
to be giant at that time, those findings are conclusive. and if any mistakes
are made to date less than that time needs correction. if any carbon dating
methods used for dating as carbon dating is not effective and not a correct
method for long time dating of millions of years. carbon dating can be used for
shorter time scales correctively and effectively as it has shorter half life
time. (for carbon dating time 10000s to 100,000s years are effective way to use
carbon dating methods).
ADD on NAND nanu, Murchaban fossils and fresh water fossils.
Full detailed report can be requested by Email reply with the area of the
required area name.
By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.
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