kutchscience@....
Subject: 2006 Transit of Mercury


Mark your calendar: On Wednesday, Nov 8th, the planet Mercury will pass directly
in front the Sun.

FULL STORY at 
http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2006/20oct_transitofmercury.htm?list17942

October 20, 2006: Mark your calendar: On Wednesday, Nov 8th, the planet Mercury
will pass directly in front the Sun. The transit begins at 2:12 pm EST (11:12 am
PST) and lasts for almost five hours. Good views can be had from the Americas,
Hawaii, Australia and all along the Pacific Rim: visibility map.

What will it look like? A picture is worth a thousand words:




During the transit, Mercury's tiny disk-jet black and perfectly round-will glide
slowly across the face of the Sun. Only a speck of the Sun's surface is actually
covered, so the Sun remains as dangerous as ever to look at. But with a proper
filter and a little imagination, the Transit of Mercury can be a marvelous
experience.

There are many ways to safely observe the Sun, e.g., through eclipse glasses or
by means of a pinhole projector. In this case, nothing beats a telescope
equipped with a sun-safe H-alpha filter. H-alpha filters are narrowly tuned to
the red glow of solar hydrogen. They reveal the Sun as a boiling inferno,
cross-crossed by dark magnetic filaments and peppered with sunspots. Warning:
The sight of Mercury navigating this starscape could be mind blowing.

Teachers, call your local astronomy club and ask if they have such a solar
telescope. Amateur astronomers love to show off the heavens, and someone will
probably volunteer to bring their 'scope to your classroom for the transit. (You
can also view the transit online at the SOHO web site--no telescope required.)

Right: Mercury, photographed by Mariner 10. [More]

Here's something to think about while watching the transit: Mercury is
fantastically mysterious. More than half of the planet is unknown to us. When
Mariner 10 flew by in the mid-70s, it managed to photograph only 45% of
Mercury's cratered surface. What lies on the other side? More craters? Or
something totally unexpected? You're free to speculate, because the next
spacecraft to visit Mercury, NASA's MESSENGER probe, won't enter orbit until
2011.

One of Mercury's greatest secrets is the mystery-material at its poles. Radars
on Earth have pinged Mercury and received a strong echo from polar craters. A
favorite explanation is ice. While Mercury's daylit surface heats up to 400o C,
the temperature in deep, dark polar craters dips below -200o C. If an icy comet
landed in one of those craters (or made one of those craters), the comet's ices,
vaporized by impact, might re-freeze and stick around. As skeptics like to say,
however, "it's just a theory," one of many that MESSENGER will check.

Another puzzle is Mercury's wrinkles. Geologists call them "lobate scarps." Like
wrinkles on a raisin, the scarps are thought to be a sign of shrinkage. Mercury
may actually be collapsing in on itself as its massive iron core cools and
contracts. To check this idea, MESSENGER will map Mercury's magnetic field,
which springs from the core. If the core is collapsing, the collapse may leave
telltale signs in the planet's magnetism. MESSENGER will also look for lobate
scarps on the uncharted side of Mercury to see if this is truly a global
phenomenon.

The answers are years away. Meanwhile, we watch and wonder, and Nov. 8th is a
good day for that.

Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
  http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
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From: Kutch Science Foundation KutchScience  SAT, SUN & Monday October 21, 22 &
23 2006
Sent: Friday, October 20, 2006 10:51 AM


          Wish you all A very happy Diwali and a very prosperous New year



From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA and Parivaar - Science Group Of INDIA.

kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,

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Dear Docs, Medicos and Friends of science
Parkinson's therapy trial success http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/6059568.stm


Parkinson's is a degenerative condition that effects the brain

Gene therapy has been shown to have "significant" clinical benefits for people
with Parkinson's disease, according to a study.
The small-scale trial showed the 12 patients' symptoms improved by up to 65%
after a year, with no ill effects. The trial was carried out by biotech company
Neurologix Inc, based in the United States. Steve Ford, chief executive of the
Parkinson's Disease Society, described the results as "encouraging". The trials
are the first attempt at using this particular approach to tackle Parkinson's.
The new therapy uses a harmless virus to carry a gene called GAD directly into
neurons in a region of the brain called the subthalamic nucleus (STN). It
produces a molecule called GABA, which is normally released by nerve cells to
inhibit or dampen activity so that the tremors and other symptoms are reduced.
After a year of the trial, all the patients demonstrated a clinical improvement
of at least 25%, judged according to a clinically recognised measure. Nine
patients showed an average improvement of 37%, and five of these demonstrated
substantial recovery of between 40% and 65%. Dr Matthew During, who led the
trial, said: "This gene therapy trial is particularly unique and the clinical
data unusually promising because the treatment was confined to just one side of
the brain."
Incurable disease

Mr Ford also said the Parkinson's Disease Society was interested in the results.
"This type of therapy is still at an early stage of development and the phase 1
trial is encouraging in terms of both safety and effectiveness," he said. "We
look forward to further research being undertaken in this area in the future."
About 120,000 people in the UK have Parkinson's, which causes rigidity and
uncontrollable tremors. Currently incurable, it has to be controlled with drugs
- but this becomes more difficult as the disease progresses. People with
Parkinson's experience insufficient activity from a brain signalling molecule
called dopamine. They either have too few neurons releasing dopamine, or not
enough of the receptors that it stimulates. Because of this imbalance, the STN
becomes highly overactive, which results in Parkinson's symptoms.


Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
  http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/ http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
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Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.


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Dear Docs, Medicos and Friends of science

Faster TB test 'could save lives'  http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/6037053.stm

A faster, more accurate tuberculosis test has been developed by scientists. The
microscopic-observation drug-susceptibility (MODS) test is also cheaper and more
sensitive to drug resistant strains than current tests. It yields results in an
average of seven days, and could help save many lives, particularly in
developing countries - where TB is rife. Details of the test, developed by UK,
US and Peruvian researchers, feature in the New England Journal of
Medicine.Existing TB tests do not always detect bacteria


The researchers hope it will lead to faster treatment for many people, reducing
the severity of their symptoms, and the chances they will infect others. It is
thought that more than two million people die each year from TB. The common
strain is almost 100% treatable, but multi-drug resistant strains are becoming
an increasing problem. At present, the World Health Organization recommends the
sputum smear microscopy test, which analyses the material expelled from the
lungs by a deep cough. However, the test, although fast, is not accurate in
around 50% of cases, and it can take up to six weeks to culture the sample,
confirm the results and determine whether it is resistant to drugs - these
detailed checks are only rarely available in the developing world. The MODS test
allows doctors to diagnose TB twice as quickly as previous gold-standard culture
tests and to identify multi-drug resistance in a third of the time. In tests on
nearly 4,000 sputum samples MODS identified TB with 97.8% accuracy -
significantly out-performing the current tests.

Faster growth

MODS works by culturing the TB organism in a liquid, rather than the traditional
solid substance. This enables it to grow more rapidly, and for scientists to
detect its characteristic pattern of tangles or coils under a microscope
relatively easily. The liquid media also means TB drugs can be more easily
administered for testing: if the bacteria grow in the presence of these drugs,
this indicates resistance. The researchers said the new test could dramatically
help those who have contracted multi-drug resistant TB (MDRTB), and had been
shown to be highly effective where cases of TB were combined with HIV infection.
Researcher Dr David Moore said: "In one study in Lima, half of HIV patients with
MDRTB were dead within two months of commencing TB treatment, the minimum time
to get results from standard tests in Peru or indeed almost anywhere in the
developing world. "Their MDRTB had gone undetected and so they had received the
wrong treatment. "A correct diagnosis at the start of treatment would have
improved many of their outcomes." Professor Peter Davies, secretary of the group
TB Alert, said: "This is a very exciting development, which offers the best hope
of a quick diagnosis for the 50% of people in the developing world who are not
detected by the current test."



Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
  http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/ http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
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http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
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Group of India.


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'Dear friends of science and ASTRONOMY,

Bulge' yields new planet class http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5407038.stm

Astronomers have discovered a new class of planets that take less than a day to
whiz round their parent stars. Observations with the Hubble Space Telescope
revealed the existence of the planets, which orbit closer to their stars than
any previously known. Dr Kailash Sahu and colleagues report finding the planets
in a faint, crowded star field in a region of the Milky Way known as the
galactic bulge. The team has published its findings in the scientific journal
Nature. It uncovered the existence of 16 planets in the category of close
orbiters, taking between 0.4 and 3.2 days to go around their respective stars.
Many of the planets are the size of Jupiter, the largest planet in our Solar
System. Two of the 16 have orbits of less than a day, creating a new category of
"ultra-short" orbit exoplanets. In addition, these worlds generally orbit stars
that are somewhat lighter than the typical stars where extrasolar planets have
been found before.
'Wobble' effect

Dr Sahu, from the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, US, and
colleagues searched for the characteristic dips in a star's luminosity that
occur as it is temporarily blocked by an orbiting planet. They carried out
back-up, confirmation measurements using the "wobble" method, in which they
looked for a telltale oscillation, or wobble, in the light coming from a star as
it is tugged by the gravitational attraction of a planet. The researchers say
that any planets that orbited at such a close distance to brighter, hotter stars
would be destroyed by solar radiation. Astronomers have spotted 202 extrasolar
planets since the first was spotted in October 1995.

  Planets suggest 'other Earths'

Nasa scientists have suggested it will not be long before the first Earth like
planets are discovered. 6 Oct 2006

  Hubble reveals new planets

Nasa's Hubble Space Telescope has discovered 16 "planet candidates" orbiting a
variety of distant stars.4 Oct 2006


Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
  http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/ http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
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http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.


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Dear friends of  Science, birding, wildlife and nature,

Recently good rain in Kutch area and plenty of water filled lakes and zeel lake
of LUNA has invisted many birds and nesting in the trees around the zeel lake.
Luna zeel is one of the top ten dirding site of the Country. recently there has
been thousands of bird nesting around the zeel area and including rare bird
Glossy IBIS "KALA KANRA" nesting is seen now a days including Spoon bills,
Egrets (long featherd),  white Ibises (white KAKANSAR), cattle egrets and
caspian Terns.
The main sighting were Macqueen's bustard near bhirindiyari in Great Rann of
Kutch, and Grey Hypocolius near fulay, and lots of raptors in
chari dhandh area.

List of Birding in Chari-Fulay-Bhirindiyara-of  kutch district.
Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus
Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis
Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis
Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis
Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis
Hoopoe Upupa epops
Oriental Honey-buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus
Black-shouldered Kite Elanus caeruleus
White-eyed Buzzard Butastur teesa
Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis
Eurasian Kestrel Falco tinnunculus
Gray Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus
Macqueen's Bustard Chlamydotis macqueenii
Ashy-crowned Sparrow-Lark Eremopterix grisea
Rufous-tailed Lark Ammomanes phoenicurus
Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla
Crested Lark Galerida cristata
Tawny Lark Galerida deva
Ashy Prinia Prinia socialis
Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus
White-throated Munia Lonchura malabarica
Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii
Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica
Southern Gray Shrike Lanius meridionalis
Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicata
Variable Wheatear Oenanthe picata
Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka
Desert Wheatear Oenanthe deserti
Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina
House Sparrow Passer domesticus
Hypocolius Hypocolius ampelinus
White-cheeked Bulbul Pycnonotus leucogenys
Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer
Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus
Brahminy Starling Temenuchus pagodarum
Rosy Starling Pastor roseus
Booted Warbler Hippolais caligata
Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca
Common Babbler Turdoides caudatus
Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles exustus

FROM YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
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Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.


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Dear friends of Science Genetics and Forensics,

DNA Digital Detectives. New DNA test to solve more cases 
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/5404402.stm

Tens of thousands of unsolved crimes could be cracked with a new forensic
technique, it has been claimed.
The Forensic Science Service (FSS) is piloting a computer-based analysis system
which can interpret previously unintelligible DNA samples. It claims the
technique is a world first which will boost its crime detection rates by more
than 15%. The method is being tested by the West Yorkshire, South Yorkshire,
Northumbria and Humberside police forces. It allows scientists to pinpoint DNA
samples when more than one individual has touched a surface, where only small
amounts of DNA have been left behind or only poor quality material was found.
FFS DNA manager Paul Hackett told BBC News the pilot scheme "aims to show how we
can deploy that and put that in the police hands so that they can use it
effectively. "This particular technique is based on the foundations of existing
DNA profiling technology so the laboratory-based techniques are exactly the same
as we have used over the last 10 years, so that's very robust, very well
established.


Impact of DNA on crime detection
"This application is a piece of software, along with a forensic scientist, that
can help us interpret previously complex, mixed DNA profiles that the forensic
scientist really couldn't interpret."

'Cold cases'

FSS scientists believe the technique, called DNAboost, could be the key to
countless "cold cases" which have lain dormant in police files. Mr Hackett said
the system could potentially have an impact on both "cold cases" and future
trials. "The beauty of this technology is it's both retrospective and we can
apply it on future cases," he said "So the technique it's best applied to was
introduced a decade ago - the Forensic Science Service has tested over
half-a-million cases in the last 10 years - and we think we can boost the
success rate or our ability to pass on new leads to the police by around 10%.

"So that's tens of thousands of cases going back into history. If we look
forward then we can apply it to cases that are coming into the lab from today."
The pilot will run for three months, after which it is due to be extended to
remaining police forces. Kevin Morten, head of scientific support services at
South Yorkshire police, told the BBC: "If an offender enters a crime scene and
touches a surface they will leave a small trace of DNA; the next person who's in
that scene, or has been in previously, will also leave small traces of DNA.
"Previously we have not been able to split those profiles, but with this
technique we'll be able to do that and that will assist us greatly in further
detecting crime". The FSS can already handle more than 10,000 DNA crime stain
samples each month and about 50,000 DNA samples from individuals.



       IMPACT OF DNA ON CRIME DETECTION

       CRIME  NATIONAL DETECTION RATE  DNA DETECTION RATE
       All recorded crime  26%  40%
       Domestic burglary  16%  41%
       Non-domestic burglary  11%  50%
       Theft of vehicle  15%  24%
       Theft from vehicle  8%  63%
       Criminal damage  14%  51%
       Source: Home Office (04/05 figures)


HOW POLICE USE DNA
DNA samples taken from blood, hair, semen, etc at crime scene
Sample used to produce unique DNA profile of criminal
Profile helps identify criminal's physical characteristics
Suspects can be tested for DNA match with crime scene
Existing 3.5m samples on DNA database also checked
Mass DNA screenings of village, school, etc may be used
Chance of two people having same DNA - one in one billion





Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/  http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience/
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
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Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science, Science Group of India

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Dear friends of Science, Archaeology, History and Astronomy,

THE SIGN BOARD TEXT OF "DHOLAVIRA". the time was passing slowly - there was a
lightning-blow. The destruction caused may have brought the meaning to
'destructive', then to 'vile'.

This means that there has been fall of big meteors and not the actual lightening
as word expectations. The destruction and as the time was not passing means they
were waiting for some particular incidence to happen ! but what? may be they
were waiting for the Sunrise in the morning but due to the destruction caused by
the Falls of meteors that have created sky covered with the dust and there was
no sun rise for many months. So their time was not passing and TIME WAS SO SLOW
for waiting for the Sun rise. which proves that Kutch Saraswati civilisation
were destroyed by the Meteor impacts in the Kutch and so Luna craters and other
craters in the Rann Of the Kutch are in fact the true signs of those incidence
of the Meteor impact before +3000BC. and Egyptian crater in SW Egypt 24K size is
responsible for the destruction of Egypt civilisation which was known as
"MUDRAYa" - (Sanskrit word)  at that time.

From YOUR Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.





13. THE SIGN BOARD TEXT OF   "DHOLAVIRA".

The text runs from left to right with the following signs : 391- 256- 327- 391-
261- 134- 98-391-391-53. Some people read 134 as 124, but elsewhere it never
makes any pair either with 261 or with 98.Therefore, it is 134. The text may be
read thus: ci re pau ci ca i pa  ci ci bha. There are 5 groups, each of two
syllables; namely :

(i)   ci re   reflecting in the Vedic adverb cire "for a long time".

(ii)  pau ci reflecting in the dialectal poc "vile, wicked".

(iii) ca i has contracted to ce in a Tantric formula "cAmuNDAyai
        vic-ce".

(iv) pa  ci reflecting in the verb pac "to cook".

(v)  ci bha reflecting   in the  dialectal verb cibh "to crush under the
         teeth".

Based on these   reflections,

the clause ci re  may mean : the time was passing slowly.

pau  (wind) ci   (be) may mean :  there was a storm.  The destruction caused by
the storm may have brought the meaning to 'destructive',  then to 'vile'.

ca (light) i (move) is doubtful, but it is perhaps some kind of blessing.

pa ci refers to some fiery accident, and means : there was a conflagration.

ci  (be) bha (light) means : there was a lightning-blow.



Dholavira
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
       4 Historical sign board
       5 Language and calligraphy

Excavation
The ancient site at Dholavira (23.88° N 70.22° E), is flanked by two storm water
channels; the Mansar in the north, and the Manhar in the south. The site,
discovered in 1960s, is the fifth largest Harappan site in the Indian
subcontinent, and has been under excavation almost continuously sunce 1990 by
the Archaeological Survey of India.

The excavations of the site were initiated in 1989 by the Archaeological Survey
of India under the direction of Dr. R. S. Bisht. The excavation brought to light
the sophisticated urban planning and architecture, and unearthed large numbers
of antiquities such as seals, beads, animal bones, gold, silver, terracotta
ornaments and vessels linked to Mesopotamia. Archaeologists believe that
Dholavira was an important centre of trade between settlements in south Gujarat,
Sindh and Punjab and Western Asia.


City
Estimated to be older than the port-city of Lothal, the city of Dholavira has a
rectangular shape and organization, and is spread over 100 hectares. The area
measures 771.10 metres in length, and 616.85 metres in width. Like Harappa and
Mohenjo-Daro (Pakistan), the city is composed to a pre-existing geometrical
plan, of three divisions - the citadel, the middle town and the lower town. The
acropolis and the middle town had been further furnished with their own
defence-work, gateways, built-up areas, street system, wells and large open
spaces. The acropolis is the most carefully guarded as well as impressive and
imposing complex in the city of which it appropriates the major portion of the
southwestern zone. The towering "castle" stands majestically in fair insulation
and defended by double ramparts. The city within the general fortification
accounts for 48 hectares. There are extensive structure-bearing areas though
outside yet intimately integral to the fortified settlement. Beyond the walls,
yet another settlement has been found.


One of the unique features of Dholavira is the sophisticated water conservation
system of channels and reservoirs, the earliest found anywhere in the world, and
of which three are exposed. They were used for storing the fresh water brought
by rains or to store the water diverted from a nearby rivulet. This probably
came in wake of the desert climate and conditions of Kutch, where several years
may pass without rainfall.

Burial system
The variety of burial styles suggests a diverse population. A "signboard" inlaid
with large symbols in the untranslated Indus script was discovered near one of
the entrances to the citadel.


Historical sign board
One of the most significant discoveries at Dholavira was made in one of the side
rooms of the northern gateway of the city. The Harappans had arranged and set
pieces of gypsum (a kind of mineral) to form ten large letters on a big wooden
board. At some point of time the board fell down flat on its face. The wood
decayed, but the arrangement of the letters survived. It is still not known what
the sign says as the system of writing or script of the Harappans has not yet
been deciphered.


Language and calligraphy
Indus Valley Seals. The first one shows a Swastika, a prominent symbol in
Hinduis.
It is not known for sure what language the Harappan people spoke, and their
script cannot yet be read. Still, a few things are known about their system of
writing. The Harappan script seems to have had about 400 basic signs, with many
variations. The signs probably stood both for words and for syllables. The
direction of the writing was generally from right to left. Most of the
inscriptions are found on seals (mostly made out of stone) and sealings (pieces
of clay on which the seal was pressed down to leave its impression). Some
inscriptions are also found on copper tablets, bronze implements, and small
objects made of terracotta, stone and faience. The seals were probably used in
trade and also for official administrative work. So the Harappans seem to have
used writing mainly for these sorts of things. A lot of the inscribed material
was found at Mohenjo Daro.


THE SIGN BOARD TEXT OF "DHOLAVIRA". the time was passing slowly - there was a
lightning-blow. The destruction caused may have brought the meaning to
'destructive', then to 'vile'.

This means that there has been fall of big meteors and not the actual lightening
as word expectations. and the destruction as the time was not passing means they
were waiting for some particular incidence! but what? may be they were waiting
for the Sunrise in the morning but due to the destruction caused by the Falls of
meteors. as that have created sky covered with the dust and there was no sun
rise for many months. So their time was not passing and TIME WAS SO SLOW for
waiting for the Sun rise.




13. THE SIGN BOARD TEXT OF "DHOLAVIRA".

The text runs from left to right with the following signs : 391- 256- 327- 391-
261- 134- 98-391-391-53. Some people read 134 as 124, but elsewhere it never
makes any pair either with 261 or with 98.Therefore, it is 134. The text may be
read thus: ci re pau ci ca i pa ci ci bha. There are 5 groups, each of two
syllables; namely :

(i) ci re reflecting in the Vedic adverb cire "for a long time".

(ii) pau ci reflecting in the dialectal poc "vile, wicked".

(iii) ca i has contracted to ce in a Tantric formula "cAmuNDAyai

       vic-ce".
(iv) pa ci reflecting in the verb pac "to cook".

(v) ci bha reflecting in the dialectal verb cibh "to crush under the

        teeth".
Based on these reflections,

the clause ci re may mean : the time was passing slowly.

pau (wind) ci (be) may mean : there was a storm. The destruction caused by the
storm may have brought the meaning to 'destructive', then to 'vile'.

ca (light) i (move) is doubtful, but it is perhaps some kind of blessing.

pa ci refers to some fiery accident, and means : there was a conflagration.

ci (be) bha (light) means : there was a lightning-blow.


Road are good till Rapar town; from there the road to Dholavira is two lanes.
The best time to visit is November to March.



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From: Kutch Science Foundation

Sent: Saturday, September 30, 2006 9:51 AM
Subject: Gujarat meteors "oldest bodies found in solar system"


Dear editorials, friends of Science, space and astronomy,

Many thrilling news are published about the meteors of July 2006 in Gujarat -
(Kutch Saurashtra) that is really a good news that we have started to take
interest in the subject and materials of the space but how sad if we do not do
the complete analysis of the subject or a incomplete statements.

Statement "According to scientists, the solar system was formed around 15
billion years ago and the Sun was 4.5 billion years old."    is confusing  and
also not clarifying  the reality.  the solar system was formed around 15 billion
years ago is not the correct sentence but ONLY the present belief UNIVERSE was
formed around 15 billion years ago and  the Sun was 4.5 billion years old.

And also the Chondrite meteors of kutch which was studies was part of the solar
system formation ( less than 4.5 billion years old) or an extra terrestrial
specimen (beyond 4.5 billion years old) ? We need to understand the difference
of solar system formation and formation of other parts of the universe which
could be understand from the meteors from the fragments from the comets arrived
to visit solar system from the outer space (extra terrestrial comets) which
arrives beyond the solar system. here it looks that scientists used more of
Guess work rather than actual dating analysis which is still need to be searched
for.

From YOUR Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.


News published as Gujarat meteors "oldest bodies found in solar system"
When scores of people in Gujarat saw glowing fireballs falling from the sky in
July 2006 little did they realise that these fragments from outer space were one
of the "oldest bodies found in our solar system".

Scientists at Physicial Research Laboratory (PRL) studying the meteor samples
that fell in different areas of Kutch and Saurashtra are thrilled with the
"discovery of a rare chondrule inside one of the fragments of the meteorite
known as a Chondritre Meteorite in scientific terminology".

"Chondrules are small spherical ball like formations that are found inside a
chondrite meteor. They are very rare to find and are believed to have been
formed around two million years after our sun was formed", PRL Director Dr J N
Goswami told PTI.

"Scientists are excited with the find as it will give a great opportunity to
study how our solar system originated and developed over a period of time," he
said.



Chondrites are stony meteorites that have not been modified due to melting or
differentiation of the parent body. They were formed when various types of dust
and small grains that were present in the early solar system came together to
form primitive asteroids.

Though chondrites are a common type of meteor that crash into the earth every
year, the discovery of a chondrule inside a small sample piece of the meteorite
will help in collecting data about the composition of meteors, Goswami said.

The meteor shower took all by surprise when it streaked across the dark night
creating a boom as it fell on fields, making a gaping hole though some roof
tops.

According to scientists, the solar system was formed around 15 billion years ago
and the Sun was 4.5 billion years old. "Study of meteorites has indicated that
chondrules began forming two million years after the sun was born. These
untouched particles were formed out of various gases and star dust in space that
hardened over the years and got adjoined with meteors as they brushed against
each other or collided," Goswami said.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of science and ASTRONOMY,

Astronomers from Uk and Europe have  discovered and pinpointed two new JUPITER
sized giant planets. Academics of the St Andrew university and other UK
institutions used the technique which used for star that "wink" a breakthrough
in the search for the new planets orbiting the distant stars. Planets are
orbiting closer to the parent stars like our SUN star. and so planets are in
closer orbits are even hotter than our Mercury planet - more than 400C.

Planet WASP-1b and Planet WASP-2b found 1000 light years in andromeda
constellation & 500 light years in delphinus constellation respectively. They
used the WIDE angle  telescope  and digital style camera based in the canary
islands and south Africa. Colleagues from France and Switzerland  then used the
spectrographs called "SOPHIE" to identify the mass as  PLANETS.

EU astronomers are using international collaboration known as SUPER SWAP (wide
angle search for planets) detecting the TUG or "WOBBLE" they produce as they
orbit the star. they look for "WINKS" or dips in bright ness. Duration and dips
in the light curve had allowed than to measure the radius of the planets. Super
WASP is expected to find many more planets said Prof. Andrew collier Cameron
from the St Andrew University.


By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
  http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/ http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of Science,  Geology, Archaeology and History,

Since many centuries many sentences are said in "Kutchi folk songs" of "Kutchi
Ginans" and "AGAM VANIes" of Momay Deva
It has been said as follows "Habbo thindho ANGAR" which means that Hills of
Habbo of Kutch will be on fire - meaning there will be Volcanism and lava
eruption! But how they new that before so many centuries.  Actually habbo Dome
Hills is a sand stone formation having plenty of fossils like a Gangeshwar dome
of KhATROL range hills. It means that the geological knowledge was well existing
before and they were well aware of dome formation and lifting of domes by
underneath lava. and also some time it will erupt due to tectonics or volcanism.
Not only that for the proof of that we arranged a geo-archaeological expedition
in that hill area and we surprised to see shells of many Psudopods but we were
not expecting the Ammonoidea fossils in those hills as in Gangeshwar dome area
of Khatrol range hills of Kutch. but surprisingly we did and so capture in
situation embedded in hill rocks. and detached it later. See the pictures BELOW
: Shells Embedded in BEACH SANDY Cave stones of BHURAGADH NADAPA   2) AMONITE
Embedded in Kotay HILLs and 3) Fossils in Kotay Hill.
During Last Kutch earthquake of 26 Jan 2001 on 08.46 AM, the eruption of Hot
waters from the underground, and tectonic activity seen in that area of LODAY
(LOD AY - means MOVING Land)  gives the idea that those all are true predictions
made many centuries ago.

Looking at the Baudh Caves Stones of BHURAGADH and KARA GADH near NADAPA in
KUTCH, stones are typical and made of sea Beach Sand stones. we can see each
granules of sea beach sand in it and also a Pseudopodia shell fossil in it which
suggest that, that land is not a fresh water formation but from the marine sea
beach charactered sand stone formation.

On examination of the Kotay temple area ancient pottery of the area suggests
that the Old Kotay was known as Koteshwar, Koti means the 100 00 000 = 10Mn and
also Kutchi meaning of KOT-AY means KOT= GADH - Castle and AY means "is there"
means KOT - AY means There is a Castle. Also the area is having plenty of
ancient Potteries which gives the proof of the area of that time going back to
3500 to 4500 years back. Kotay temple was constructed later which is in state of
repairing at the moment which is dating back to 900 - 1100 years ago. The
sculptures are carving are typical of that time and a mixture of erotic carvings
of Sun temples and Khajuraho. as well as Shiva temple type carvings like KERA
SHIVA temple of that time. so many do confuse as SUN TEMPLE and Shiva Temple.
But the principles of lights and Physics are not followed here as in
construction of the SUN temples and nor has water KUND - lake in front of the
temple nor the temple is facing East words  as it should be in case of SUN
temple as the principles of the light rules. But the temple is facing WEST words
as in Shiva temples of NARAYAN SAROVAR and Koteshwar.
Subclass Ammonoidea : Ammonites are an extinct marine taxon (subclass
Ammonoidea) in the Phylum Mollusca and Class Cephalopoda. Their closest living
relative is probably the modern nautilus that they closely resemble. Ammonite
fossil shells are of particularly beautiful spiral forms, except for some more
uncommon forms without spirals that are called heteromorphs. The ammonite name
derives from the organism's resemblance to a coiled ram's horn, after the god
Ammon (that was depicted as a man with ram's horns).

The ammonite's shell contained a spiraling progression of ever larger chambers
divided by thin walls called septa. The animal only occupied the last and
largest chamber. A thin living tube called a siphuncle passed through the septa,
extending from the ammonite's body into the empty shell chambers. The ammonite
secreted gas into these shell chambers, enabling it to regulate the buoyancy of
the shell. As the ammonite grew, it added newer and larger chambers toward the
larger open end of the coil.

While t he majority of ammonites have a shell that is a flattened coil, others
have a shell that is partially uncoiled, partially coiled and partially straight
(as in Australiceras), nearly straight (as in baculites and belemnites), or
coiled helically - superficially like that of a large gastropod (as in
Turrilites and Bostrychoceras). These partially-to-totally uncoiled forms
appeared in the Lower Cretaceous and are known as heteromorphs.

A comprehensive study of the foraminiferal assemblage from Jurassic rocks of
Kutch, western India has been made. A section comprising the Patcham, Chari, and
Katrol "series" was studied in detail. The first two of these units contain rich
foraminiferal faunas, and the third is barren. The assemblage includes six new
species from among the Ammodiscacea and Lituolacea, and four from among the
Miliolacea and Nodosariacea. The family Nodosariidae dominates the assemblage.
Some species are reported for the first time from the Indian subcontinent.
Intraspecific variation and dimorphism are dealt with for a number of forms. The
fossiliferous "series" are dated tentatively as Callovian to Oxfordian, and the
paleoecology of the Kutch Jurassic is discussed




ABOVE 1)  Shells Embeded in BEACH SANDY Cave stones of BHURAGADH NADAPA   2)
AMONITE Embeded in Kotay HILLs
BELOW :Fossils in Kotay Hill


From YOUR Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of Geology, Science, Vedics and History,

Last and most recent past extinction of life was possibly only 4.32Mn years ago
Ethiopia's pride in 'Lucy' find http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5364630.stm



Zeresenay Alemseged and the skull of "Lucy's baby"
A tropical storm beats against the national museum in Addis Ababa. The violent
thunder and lashing rain contrasts with the serene activity within. Inside a
solitary figure is cleaning up a 3.3-million-year-old skull.

Dr Zeresenay Alemseged has spent five years removing sandstone, grain by grain,
from his precious find. Illuminated by a single focussed beam of light, this is
intricate, delicate work: one mistake and crucial scientific detail could be
lost forever. Alemseged showed me that what has emerged are the delicate
features of a creature that was part ape and part human. "What you have here is
the backbone and the thoracic and all the ribs, the shoulder blades the collar
bones. But in addition, what you have here is a compete face and the sandstone
impression of the brain of a 3.3-million-year-old infant." Early sound Six years
ago Alemseged set off toward the north-eastern deserts of Ethiopia. Working in
the blistering heat, his team discovered what he thought was the skull of a
creature that was one of the first apes to have walked on two feet. Unable to
contain his excitement, the scientist called his friend Tefera Ghedamu.

HUMAN EVOLUTION

Different fossil in the 'human story' have been found
Not all will be a direct line to our Homo group
Scarce and fragmentary finds complicate the story
Scientists expect many more discoveries in Africa
"He said I think I got it! And he knew exactly what he'd got. He's a very
cautious person, a very shy person - but then he knew and told himself, 'this is
the bone'," Ghedamu recalls. Alemseged had found the most complete skeleton to
date of a species called Australopithecus afarensis, thought to be an important
pre-cursor to the first true humans. Not only was it in a fantastic state of
preservation but the specimen was that of an infant. This combination makes the
find a gold mine for those studying human evolution. It will now be available
for other specialists to study; but already Alemseged has made a number of
startling discoveries. Although the baby afarensis toddled on two feet like a
human child, it also had many important ape-like features. "The shoulder blades
are very gorilla-like and it may ignite old questions about whether afarensis
could climb trees or not. But what was really exciting was to find the tongue
bone. We will, based on this bone, be able to understand what the voice box was
like and about the kind of sound this creature made," he explains. Initial
thoughts suggest the bone is ape-like and that the creature probably sounded
like a chimp. 'On the cusp' What really excites Alemseged, however, is his study
of the ape-girl's brain. He believes it is still developing. Slow and gradual
development in an extended childhood is a uniquely human feature - probably to
enable our higher functions to fully develop. So, according to Alemseged, this
infant and her like may have been the first to show real human-like
characteristics

"It's the earliest girl ever found with a mix of features that are ape-like and
human-like at the same time, and this puts her in a special position to play a
pivotal role. She is on the cusp of humanity," he says. The creature is the
latest of many recent fossil finds important to the understanding of human
evolution - the most famous of which was the first Australopithecus afarensis
specimen - and adult nicknamed "Lucy" - in 1974. It has prompted the Ethiopia's
culture minister, Mahmud Dirr Gade, to invite more scientists to come to the
African nation to help unearth humankind's origins. "We welcome researchers to
delve into the secrets and mystery of the creation of man in Ethiopia; the 'home
of humanity'," he tells me. Home grown Zeresenay Alemseged is the first
Ethiopian to lead a research team that has made such an important discovery. He
is a bright young scientist who has studied in the US and Europe and is
currently attached to the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in
Leipzig, Germany.


Alemseged is the first Ethiopian team leader to make such a find

Human anthropology is a cut-throat field, even for those who have established
themselves and have the backing of big funding bodies. So, according to Tefera
Ghedamu, it is especially remarkable that an outsider like Alemseged has worked
his way up and to win the respect of the scientific community - and the pride of
his nation. "From my angle, from an ordinary Ethiopian's point of view, they
think it is quite a heritage. They are proud that the discovery has been made in
Ethiopia and they are proud that it's been made by one of their own," he says.


Ethiopia is critical to the understanding of human evolution


Wish you all a very HAPPY EQUINOX DAY to everyone of you.

Forwarded By YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends and family members,

HAPPY EQUINOX DAY to everyone of you.

FROM YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of Kutch, Geology, Science and History,

Here is One photograph puzzling to everyone but has not got the correct answer.
does any one know what it can be? please send your suggestions to
scienceclubofindia@...  OR  
scienceclubofindia-subscribe@...







FROM YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of Kutch, Geology, Science and History,

We have and are hearing words "JUMBU DWIPe, BHARAT KHNDe, ARYA VRUTe, KUTCH
PRADESHe" in many processes to locate the place of the rituals. Which in
SANSKRIT language says in SAPTAMI vibhakti (DWIPe of Dwip , KHNDe of KHND, VRUTe
of VRUT, PRADESHe of PRADESH) of that nouns which means in IT (inside). which
actually says Kutch is inside the ARYAVRUT in the BHARAT KHAND (geological name
Indian continental plate). which is PART of JUMBU DWIP - geological name
Gondwanaland land).

Many geologist ask first question what is JUMBU DWIP? AND WHERE IS IT? so answer
is in Sanskrit language and in Vedas as Indian continental plate is separated
form Gondwanaland land, Gondwanaland land means JUMBU DWIP. so it is said so
"JUMBU DWIPe, BHARAT KHNDe" which means BHARAT KHAND (geological name Indian
continental plate). which is PART of JUMBU DWIP - geological name Gondwanaland
land).

But what's the point of discussing this with ritual sloks of Vedas?

Also in Shastras  it has been explained of "SAMUDRA MANTHAN" means churning of
the sea. which was done by DEVAs and DANAVAs with Mount MERU !  on the BACK of
the (Turtle) means KUTCH. and next question in line comes from the geologists is
always where is Mount MERU? how we know that?

MOUNT MERU is in AFRICA now in Tanzania Log Latitude are: 3° 14' S; 36° 45' E
more details on http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=11205
4565 meters, 14,977 feet,
       Web Maps Microsoft Local.Live Map
       Ranges Continent: Africa
       Range2: East Africa Mountains
       Range3: Northeast Tanzania

       Ownership Land: Arusha National Park (Highest Point)
       Prominence Clean Prominence: 3170 m/10,400 ft
       Optimistic Prominence: 3170 m/10,400 ft
       Nearest Topographic Higher Peak: Kilimanjaro
       Key Col: 1395 m/4577 ft

       Isolation Distance to Higher Peak: 69.93 km/43.46 mi
       Nearest Higher Neighbor: Kilimanjaro  (ENE)


Which is south of the Equator so why Kutch and Mount MERU so far away? The
answer lies in Geology it self that After the separation from Gondwanaland land
(Jumbu Dwip) Africa - Madagascar  and Indian continental plate (BHARAT KHAND)
are separated from each other at about 5cm /year and came to the present place
after so 250 million years later and with the collision of the BHARAT KHAND-
Indian continental plate and Asian plate created HIMALAYA about 60 Mn years in
process and is still active to increase the height of Mt Everest (original name
-QOMO LANGAM) and also decreasing the size of Nepal by 5cm /year.

And also said that Meru was North of us - (UTTARE MERU) Indian continental plate
was south of Equator and south to Mt MERU close to Madagascar which has moved
more south now.

And so we have similarity in fossils find of Africa and KUTCH - wild life,
farming and civilisation also. recently Crocodilian fossil finds in Kutch also
confirms similarity and SOON Human bone fossils 4.2Mn years old will be digg-ed
out of Kutch soil as in Ethiopia
http://www.wsws.org/articles/2003/jul2003/foss-j25.shtml

Seeing the view of Mt MERU we see the Mt Meru is in Valley (Great rift valley of
Africa) means it has been lowered down with the rift valley. otherwise height of
Mt Meru was more than that (14,977 ft + 6000 ft rift valley depth = 20977ft
which is higher than Kilimanjaro) which is east of Mt MERU and is younger than
Mt MERU. And also it has been said in Purana that MUNI AGATSYA (Sage Agatsya)
made Mt MERU to Lower down !!! and then Mt Meru remained lower down since than.
Meru means to be made of gold.

If The Kutch was under water at that time of "SAMUDRA MANTHAN" means churning of
the sea, that's the original land and so has fossil records back to that date.
and also rich in Minerals, fuels, Metallic and jewels as well. As DEVAs and
DANAVAs could retrieve those at that time why not now?

The below golden PYRITE from Kutch is giving such proofs today as well. we have
plenty of Coal and some one some day will find diamond as well and also gold and
IRIDIUM AND PLATINUM in KUTCH. Do not be surprised Kutch has Iridium Rich layers
in KHATROL range hills from ANJAR to Gadhshisha. see the report of GSI on
iridium layers of KUTCH. and Where iridium is there not only KT period suggests
Dinosaurs but also Next element of Chemistry is Platinum as well.

Views of Mt MERU in the Great rift vally eye bird view from Above at different
angles

Golden Pyrite of Kutch Below. Meru means gold





FROM YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From: "Kutch Science Foundation" <KutchScienceFoundation@...>
To: <cmanolis@...>; <csg@...>; <gwebb@...>
Cc: "Tom Dacey" <tomdacey@...>
Sent: Wednesday, September 13, 2006 1:56 PM
Subject: Re: Recent findings Crocodilians in KUTCH!!!
Dear friends of Geology and science,


Recently a Canine tooth of Crocodilian (crocodile ancestor) is fond by Mr. DILIP
Vaidya (Ex Curator of Kutch Museum) from place near MATHAL - Nakhatrana, was
presented to me to Identify the fossil and it spontaneously stroked me as a
Crocodile tooth fossil. before he handed to the Museum of Kharoi I gave him some
details about it and requested for further investigations of cross section view
of the fossil with paleontologists. I carried on for confirmations from the
paleontologists and Crocodile specialist groups around the world. and I got some
good emails guide for that fossil  as follows



Thank you all Charlie Manolis, Grahame and Tom Dacey, for your kind favor and
guide for the specimen. At present I have following further information and will
ask for further details from the Kharoi Museum where the specimen is kept.

Look of the Specimen. :  It is non circular flattened - wedges - raised ridges
as canine appearance.
colour: stony silicated  brown  yellowish



Size: 3" length from tip to the base of tooth base is 2" wide Thickness at base
is 1.5" tapering to the tip of the tooth

Place of finding.: Fresh water, - Lat 23 .17 N Longitude 69 . 20 E near MATHAL
village in Kutch western India -Middle Albian of Lower Cretaceous age

Other specimens: Nanofossils Jurassic nannofossils crocodilian fossils from near
by Pandhrow coal mine,  crocodilian fossils from Harudi swamp formation, eosine
snakes in Lakhapat area. Reworked Cretaceous spores and pollen grains from the
Matanomadh Fromation (Palaeocene) Kutch. India,

Further Inquiry : is done to the Museum of kharoi to investigate about Cross
section view,  Tooth  interior canal structure if visible in horizontal cross
section and an vertical - longitudinal serrations on them.







From: "charlie manolis" <cmanolis@...>
To: <KutchScienceFoundation@...>
Cc: "CSG Executive Officer" <csg@...>
Sent: Wednesday, September 13, 2006 4:08 AM
Subject: Re: Recent findings Crocodilians in KUTCH!!!

Dear Dr Bhudia,
I passed your photo on to Dr Steve Salisbury, who works on crocodile fossils. As
you can see from his reply below, he would need more information and images in
order to identify whether the tooth is from a crocodilian. If you have any of
this information, please get it to me and I can pass it on to Steve.

Regards,
Charlie


"Not sure how much can be said about that specimen from the photo.  It could be
croc or even theropod dinosaur.  (Shark would only be a possibility if the cross
section was semi-circular; would also need to see whether a root was
present/absent.)  Would need to see what it looks like in cross-section (ie, is
it flattened or circular) and check whether it has an carinae (raised ridges). 
Most crocs have some kind of carinae, but only the deep-snouted forms have
carinae with serrations on them (in common with theropod dinosaurs and
varanids). The person who sent the photo states that the specimen was found at a
'croc site'.  Info on the age and type of sediments (ie. fresh vs salt water)
and other fossils found at this site would probably also help figure out what
this tooth belongs to. Sorry that I can't be of any more assistance.  If they
get back to you with more photos and info, please pass it  on and I'll see what
I can do."
Charlie Manolis
Chief Scientist
Wildlife Management International
PO Box 530
Sanderson, NT 0813
Australia
Tel: 61.8.89224500
Facs: 61.8.89470678
E-mail: cmanolis@...

From: tomdacey@...
Date: Tue, 12 Sep 2006 07:37:07 +0800
To: gwebb@..., cmanolis@...
Subject: Fwd: Recent findings Crocodilians  in  KUTCH!!!

Grahame & Charlie
  Do we have anyone who might be able to identify this as a crocodile tooth?

Tom
Forwarded message from KutchScienceFoundation@...
Date: Mon, 11 Sep 2006 13:41:24 +0100
From: Kutch Science Foundation <KutchScienceFoundation@...>
Reply-To: Kutch Science Foundation <KutchScienceFoundation@...>
Subject: Recent findings Crocodilians  in  KUTCH!!!
To: Tom Dacey <tomdacey@...>

  Dear Tom Dacey,
Here I forward a photograph of the recent findings of tooth fossil. I wish you
help me to classify the fossil - I doubt it for Crocodilian tooth with Shark
tooth. as we found in the area of crocodilian fossil are.Thank you and regards
to every one in crocodile division




FROM YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.




From: "Tom Dacey" <tomdacey@...>
To: "'Kutch Science Foundation'" <kutchsciencefoundation@...>
Sent: Wednesday, March 22, 2006 12:27 AM
Subject: RE: Recent findings Crocodilians in KUTCH!!!
Dear Dr. Bhudia
This message was sent using MyMail
Dear Tom Dacey,
Thank you and regards to every one in crocodile division


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear Friends of Science and Geology,

Is Geomagnetic reversal  theory correct or just a guess?? 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomagnetic_reversal
As the theory is based on the Observing past fields, Past field reversals can be
and have been recorded in the "frozen" ferromagnetic (or more accurately,
ferrimagnetic) minerals of solidified sedimentary deposits or cooled volcanic
flows on land.
Has any one tried to keep two magnets parallel to each other? eg N & N and S & S
together in natural way with out any binding external force? in nature two
magnets never remain in parallel due to similar polarity expel the other similar
polarity. but if the First magnet is in direction of the Earth magnetic field
showing N & S magnetic poles and other similar magnet is brought to close to the
first magnet one has to change the direction from S => N. say if the first
magnet is fixed in position second magnet will show poles reversed.
Similarly when first Lava eruption occurs will show magnetic direction as
natural Earths magnetic fields and that becomes fixed as it solidifies. But any
subsequent lava eruption will never show the same direction as the previous
layer of lava magnetic direction but in reverse direction.(Previous layer of
LAVA acts as first fixed magnet) and that trend will follow on in any subsequent
lava eruption with each layer of Lava will show the Reversal of magnetic fields
even though earth magnetic field do not change.

So there is no question of changing Earth magnetic polarity. is looks just a
guess from science but in fact lava layers are always laid with reversal of
magnetic fields even though the time interval is short or long and that is why
the theory also has no regular time scale. do you think that Earth is so
irregular to change its magnetic fields - No way and there is no chance to
change the direction of earths magnetosphere or earths direction to move on
axis.


FROM YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search

Recent geomagnetic reversals.
A geomagnetic reversal is a change in the orientation of Earth's magnetic field
such that the positions of magnetic north and magnetic south become
interchanged. These events, which typically last a few hundred to a few
thousands years, often involve an extended decline in field strength followed by
a rapid recovery after the new orientation has been established.

       Contents
       [hide]
         a.. 1 History
         b.. 2 Causes
         c.. 3 Observing past fields
         d.. 4 The geomagnetic polarity time scale
         e.. 5 Future of the present field



[edit]
History
Over very long periods, geomagnetic reversals seems to have occurred with a
frequency of 1 to 5 events per million years; however, this duration is highly
variable. During some periods of geologic time (e.g. Cretaceous long normal),
the Earth's magnetic field is observed to maintain a single orientation for tens
of millions of years. Other events seem to have occurred very rapidly, with more
than one reversal in 50,000 years. The last reversal was the Brunhes-Matuyama
reversal approximately 780,000 years ago.

[edit]
Causes
Scientific opinion is divided on what causes geomagnetic reversals. Many
scientists believe that reversals are an inherent aspect of the dynamo theory of
how the geomagnetic field is generated. In computer simulations, it is observed
that magnetic field lines can sometimes become tangled and disorganized through
the chaotic motions of liquid metal in the Earth's core.

In some simulations, this leads to an instability in which the magnetic field
spontaneously flips over into the opposite orientation. This scenario is
supported by observations of the solar magnetic field, which undergoes
spontaneous reversals every 7-15 years (see: solar cycle). However, with the sun
it is observed that the solar magnetic intensity greatly increases during a
reversal, whereas all reversals on Earth seem to occur during periods of low
field strength.

Present computational methods have used very strong simplifications in order to
produce models that run to acceptable time scales for research programmes.

A minority opinion, held by such figures as Richard A. Muller, is that
geomagnetic reversals are not spontaneous processes but rather triggered by
external events which directly disrupt the flow in the Earth's core. Such
processes may include the arrival of continental slabs carried down into the
mantle by the action of plate tectonics at subduction zones, the initiation of
new mantle plumes from the core-mantle boundary, and possibly mantle-core shear
forces resulting from very large impact events. Supporters of this theory hold
that any of these events could lead to a large scale disruption of the dynamo,
effectively turning off the geomagnetic field. Since the field is stable in
either the present North-South orientation or a reversed orientation, they
propose that when the field recovers from such a disruption it spontaneously
chooses one or the other state, such that a recovery is seen as a reversal in
about half of all cases. Brief disruptions which do not result in reversal are
also known and are called geomagnetic excursions.

[edit]
Observing past fields
Past field reversals can be and have been recorded in the "frozen" ferromagnetic
(or more accurately, ferrimagnetic) minerals of solidified sedimentary deposits
or cooled volcanic flows on land. Originally, however, the past record of
geomagnetic reversals was first noticed by observing the magnetic stripe
"anomalies" on the ocean floor. Since the sea floor spreads at an essentially
constant rate, this results in broadly evident "stripes" from which the past
magnetic field polarity can be inferred by looking at the data gathered from
simply towing a magnetometer along the sea floor. However, since no existing
unsubducted sea floor (or sea floor thrust onto continental plates, such as in
the case of ophiolites) is much older than about 180 Mya in age, other methods
are necessary for detecting older reversals. Most sedimentary rocks incorporate
tiny amounts of iron rich minerals, whose orientation is influenced by the
ambient magnetic field at the time at which they formed. Under favorable
conditions, it is thus possible to extract information of the variations in
magnetic field from many kinds of sedmentary rocks. However, subsequent
diagenetic processes after burial may erase evidence of the original field.

Because the magnetic field is present globally, finding similar patterns of
magnetic variations at different sites is one method used to correlate age
across different locations. In the past four decades great amounts of
paleomagnetic data have accumulated for about current seafloor ages (0 to ~250
Mya) to such an extent that such data have become an important and convenient
tool used to estimate the age of geologic sections in the field. It is, however,
not an independent dating method, but is dependent on absolute age dating
methods like radioisotopic systems to derive numeric ages. It has become
especially useful to metamorphic and igneous geologists where the use of index
fossils to estimate ages is seldom available.

[edit]
The geomagnetic polarity time scale

Record of Geomagnetic Polarity for ages 0-160 Mya. Reproduced from Lowrie(1997),
"Fundamentals of Geophysics".
   The changing frequency of geomagnetic reversals over time
   The Cretaceous Long Normal Superchron
   The "Jurassic Quiet Zone"
[edit]
Future of the present field

Geomagnetic variations since the last reversal.
At present, the overall geomagnetic field is becoming weaker at a rate which
would, if it continues, cause the dipole field to temporarily collapse by
3000-4000 AD. (See: 1). The South Atlantic Anomaly is believed by some to be a
product of this. The present strong deterioration corresponds to a 10-15%
decline over the last 150 years and has accelerated in the past several years;
however, geomagnetic intensity has declined almost continuously from a maximum
35% above the modern value achieved approximately 2000 years ago. The rate of
decrease and the current strength are within the normal range of variation, as
shown by the record of past magnetic fields recorded in rocks.

One should note that no one knows if field decay will continue in the future.
Since a magnetic field reversal has never been observed by humans and the
mechanism of field generation is not well understood, it is difficult to say
what the characteristics of the magnetic field might be leading up to such a
reversal. Some speculate that a greatly diminished magnetic field during a
reversal period will expose the surface of the earth to a substantial and
potentially damaging increase in cosmic radiation. However, Homo erectus and
their ancestors certainly survived many previous reversals. There is no
uncontested evidence that a magnetic field reversal has ever caused any
biological extinctions. A possible explanation is that the solar wind may induce
a sufficient magnetic field in the Earth's ionosphere to shield energetic
particles even in the absence of the Earth's normal magnetic field [1].

The Earth's magnetic north pole is drifting from northern Canada towards Siberia
with a presently accelerating rate [2]. It is also unknown if this drift will
continue to accelerate.

Although the inspection of past reversals does not indicate biological
extinctions, present society with its reliance of electricity and
electromagnetic effects (e.g. radio, satellite communications) may be vulnerable
to technological disruptions in the event of a full field reversal.


Glatzmaier and collaborator Paul Roberts of UCLA have made a numerical model of
the electromagnetic, fluid dynamical processes of Earth's interior, and computed
it on a Cray supercomputer. The results reproduced key features of the magnetic
field over more than 40,000 years of simulated time. To top it off, the
computer-generated field reversed itself.[3]


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of Kutch, Geology, Science and History,
Proposed Research project for a 15 km long Volcanic dykes of gangeshwar dome
area in the KHATROL range hills of KUTCH.

Looking back to the geological history of the KUTCH after the uplift of the land
of the Khatrol hills from the sea bed (fossils of Ammonites and belemnites) the
khatrol range around the Gangeshwar dome is further lifted by the volcanic
uplift to form the Gangeshwar dome area. present time a 15 KM long volcanic dyke
is visible naked and on satellite view, extending from the Tapkeshwari hill 
across the Gangeshwar and Gunawari river region to Reha Chakar area. We can
visualise 3-4 major displacement along the Volcanic dyke area as a sign of major
tectonic activity later on not only that but a collapse of mountain hill area on
the NE side of the dyke as seen in photographs. Recently Gujarat university is
ready to accept a PHD report on the subject of Ground research of the Dyke area
of Gangeshwar - Gunawari region of the Khatrol range hills of KUTCH.



15 km long Volcanic dykes of gangeshwar dome area in the KHATROL range hills of
KUTCH     &     a collapse of mountain hill area on the NE side of the dyke


Collapse of mountain hill side on the NE side of the dyke as seen in
photographs. Volcanic dykes of gangeshwar dome area in the KHATROL range hills
of KUTCH

Collapse of mountain hill side on the NE side of the dyke as seen in satellite
view. Volcanic dykes of gangeshwar dome area in the KHATROL range hills of KUTCH
Below 15 km long Volcanic dykes of gangeshwar dome area in the KHATROL range
hills of KUTCH     as seen in satellite view




FROM YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of Kutch, Archaeology Science, Astronomy and History,



As Dr RV Karanth, explained in the bottom of the email and he is in favour of
these man made structures. as below, we wrote last  year about some strange
circles in the Khatrod range - Gangeshwar dome area. so we made an
Geoarchaeological expedition tour in the area in August this year. We found
those were the man made lines as we expected. lines are having a typical shapes
as in the mounts Andes region of Peru they are known as NAZKA lines- Structures.
the setellite view is below and original picture will be send on request mail
reply.



http://groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchScience/message/365    
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/346

Dear friends of Science and Geo-Archaeology,

Recently after marking the hundreds of places of Saraswati civilisation (Pre
Harappan civilisation settlements) areas of Rann, Kutch and Gujarat to the
goggle community sharing goggle has uploaded detailed satellite pictures of the
whole of Kutch and Gujarat areas. and as we were expecting to find the
Megalithic structures in the areas of hidden places one of the examples is here.
is about 100 meters of Diameter. in Khatrod hills range near BHUJ. This
structures needs to explored to understand the actual scientific clues.
similarly Megalithic structures have been found near Mandvi. and also in KHANDER
WARI WADI in NARANPAR BHUJ. also MEGALITHIC SAMADHIs are found in ZURA KOTADI
civilisation (Indus) area and some NAZKA structures type MEGALITHIC Graves are
found near JANGADIYA in ABADASA of KUTCH.

we are exploring all areas again with historians, Palaeontologists - geologist
and Archaeologist - Anthropologists in this SAWAN month after rain in Kutch.
wish all interested personals join and contribute their contribution of the
knowledge.






Peru link to Indian archaeological find?

Geologists have discovered a striking archaeological feature on a hillock in the
Kutch district of the western Indian state of Gujarat.

This feature is shaped like the Roman numeral VI. Each arm of this feature is a
trench that is about two metres wide, two metres deep and more than 100 metres
long. The feature has evoked the curiosity of archaeologists because such signs
have mostly been observed so far in Peru.

The team, led by Dr RV Karanth, a former professor of geology at the Maharaja
Sayajirao University in Vadodara, Gujarat, has been involved in a
palaeoseismological study of the Kutch region for the past 11 years.

Palaeoseismology involves the study of sediments, landforms and other geological
evidence of past earthquakes to unravel their history and determine the nature
and occurrence of present-day earthquakes.

This feature was discovered at a hillock 3km from the sleepy oasis township of
Khavda, which is also known as the gateway to the Rann of Kutch, an extensive
salt marsh of western India and southeast Pakistan between the Gulf of Kutch and
the Indus river delta.

Man-made feature?

The Kutch region is host to several archaeological findings belonging to the
Harappan civilisation (3000-1500 BC).

This has led to the speculation that this feature could be related to the
Harappan civilisation.



Dr Karanth clarifies that it is too early to arrive at any conclusion.

"It could be a manmade feature or may have been formed naturally due to erosion
of the hill slope along a fracture formed by the movement of earth's crust," he
says. "However structures formed naturally due to erosion generally tend to be
parallel to each other. But here, all three arms are in different directions.
Besides, all the ditches are almost uniformly wide and deep."



       Geologists say the features could be 'man-made'

Dr Karanth says such trenches have not been noticed elsewhere in the region.
Archaeologists, he says, can now pursue further research.

Geometric lines and animal shapes etched into the desert plain by people of the
Nazca civilisation (AD 1-700) of Peru are well known. "But such signs on
hill-slopes have not been reported from Peru," says Dr Karanth.

  Astronomy

He says that one of the prominent explanations given for the Peruvian features
is that they may have been constructed to make astronomical observations and
calculations.

"The Tropic of Cancer passes through Kutch. So if this structure is man-made, it
is likely that the slope of the hillock was utilised for making certain
astronomical calculations in the past," explains the geologist.

Interestingly, there are numerous indications to suggest that Harappans were
well-versed in astronomy. The straight streets of that time were oriented in the
cardinal directions - east, west, north and south. Linkages between ancient
Harappan scripts and latter Vedic texts also suggest that Harappan priest- the
progress of various planets and mapped the sky.

Dr Karanth has also discovered ruins of a fort-wall, houses, storage tank and a
temple on the hilltop. They may, he says, belong to the period of the Kathi
Darbar, a warrior class from the Kathiawad region.astronomers tracked


Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/  http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience/
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science, Science Group of India

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

http://www.sciscoop.com/story/2006/8/25/164733/819
       Posted on Fri Aug 25, 2006 at 12:47:33 PM PST

        "Free energy" and magnetic motor claims attract new attention and
skepticism. Irish company Steorn issues challenge to conventional science.
"I think the point that we're making is that this publicity stunt, and it is a
publicity stunt, has one direct aim, and that is to grab the attention of the
scientific world really to get them angry enough to have to deal with this.
The question we're asking is an honest question to the world of science: either
prove this works or prove it doesn't work - whatever you find, and to also make
absolutely sure the answer is put into the public domain. As far as we're
concerned, we're not asking a question we don't know the answer to." - Sean
McCarthy, Chief Executive Officer of Steorn




As far as I know, there is no such thing as free energy, or magnetic motor
energy. Science textbooks make it clear that such talk is nonsense, the
equivalent of perpetual motion. And no inventor has come forward so far to
physically demonstrate to the public that science has been incomplete in its
understanding and explanation of the physical universe.

Last week, principles from Steorn, an Irish technology company posted a
full-page ad in The Economist magazine challenging the world's physicists to a
duel: Come test our machine, and prove us right or wrong.

"Our position on this is that we don't expect anybody in the general public to
believe us at this point," McCarthy said. "We're just asking people to believe
the process [of the audit.] We're saying that at the end of this process, the
answer is going to be published whether we're right or wrong."

They are inviting a panel of scientists to audit their claims, with virtually no
restrictions, except to publicly disclose their findings once the audit is
complete.

Without a doubt, the manner in which Steorn has proceeded is unconventional. But
then, so is its claim: energy with no apparent material source.

Naturally, it makes no sense for them to proceed in a conventional scientific
manner. The peer review process is grossly incapable of handling unconventional
claims and paradigm-challenging research.

Yesterday, I had the opportunity to speak with Sean McCarthy, Chief Executive
Officer of Steorn, and ask every question that I could think of. My conclusion
at the end of our talk is that I have no idea what to make of all this. However,
I can say that McCarthy was very direct and forthcoming with me.

Steorn has issued a bold challenge to the physics establishment, and this
establishment will not acquiesce without a fight.

I predict that none of us will know whether this claim is valid for months,
perhaps years. If the company's panel of experts determines that the claim
demonstrates new science, the remaining question is, Who will pay attention to
it and who will ignore it?

Introduction to the interview and two sound clips (2:47 minutes)
http://newenergytimes.com/Audio/2006Steorn-McCarthyIntro-Aug24.mp3

Full interview, (51 minutes, includes introduction)
http://newenergytimes.com/Audio/2006Steorn-McCarthyFull-Aug24.mp3



Forwarded By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/  http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience/
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science, Science Group of India

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of Science wildlife and nature,

Recently the numbers of the endangered bird "Great Indian bustards" are few in
numbers in ABADASA and has about 11 in numbers only decreased from more than
hundreds before. But recent eggs of those birds are encouraging and now are
protected in "ABHAYARAN" in NALIYA. eggs are also protected by 24 hour watch by
forest department so as to not to loose or prevent any damage by any wild
animals. Those will hatch in 3 weeks time and then the parent will protect in
their wings while on the move. let us wish HAPPY BIRTHDAY to little great Indian
bustards chicks soon.




From YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends Of Science and Nature,
I will be in BHUJ by 24 July - so from 24 July my contacts will be 02832 -251681
C/o Bakules Bhai Lalpura  (Morning 8 to 9 and Evening 5 to 7)
Contact Address BHUJ -

Dr. H H Bhudia

C/o - Bakulesh Bhai Lalpura

19 Anand colony

Near Santoshi Ma temple

JUBILEE GROUND BHUJ 37001



FROM YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
http://www.geocities.com/kutchscience
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
For further updates also visit http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear Medicos, Docs,  and friends of science

Silk may be able to help repair damaged nerves, according to scientists. 
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5172422.stm
Nerve cells growing along fibres (purple) produced from a specially modified
silk. The supporting Schwann cells, whose nuclei are shown in blue, attach to
the fibres and support the growth of the nerve cells. (Image: J.Priestley)

Blood vessels in the retina, by Freya Mowat. See other winners


The UK researchers have shown how nerve cells can grow along bundles of a
special fibre, which has properties similar to spider silk. They hope the silk
will encourage cell re-growth across severed nerves, possibly even in damaged
spinal cords. A picture of nerve cells growing on the silk is one of the winning
images in this year's Wellcome Trust Biomedical Image Awards. It is one of 26
images - many revealing objects invisible to the naked eye - captured from
medical research programmes across Britain.

Bridging the gap

The silk, dubbed Spidrex, comes from silk worms that have been modified to give
the fibres special properties that help cells to bind. Professor John Priestley,
a neuroscientist from Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, and
lead researcher, said the silk acted as a scaffold on which nerve cells could
grow. The team has tested the silk in tissue culture (shown in the winning
image) and in animals - and in both cases, said Professor Priestly, the results
had been good.

He added: "The picture shows two things: reddish coloured processors, which are
the nerve fibres growing along the silk; and blue supporting cells, called
Schwann cells, which are very important in supporting nerve regeneration. "And
in animal studies we have shown, both in the spinal cord and in peripheral
nerves, the silk fibres support nerve growth."
Professor Priestley said that one of the benefits of the silk was that it could
be assembled into complex tubes designed to fit the nerves or the length of the
gap that needed bridging. The team hopes the silk can be used to treat patients
whose peripheral nerves - the nerves that control muscle and provide sensation -
have been severed: someone who has received a bad cut to the hand, for example.
A more ambitious goal, explained Professor Priestly, would be to use the silk to
help repair damaged spinal cords, but this would be much more complex, he
stressed. The award-winning images are on display at the Wellcome Library, 210
Euston Rd, London, from 13 July




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Dear friends of Science,

'Super-scope' will unlock secrets
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/5176558.stm

The biggest science facility to be built in the UK for 30 years has marked its
first major milestone.
  Diamond is housed in a vast, doughnut-shaped building

Electrons fired into straight accelerator, or linac
Boosted in small synchrotron and injected into storage ring
Magnets in large ring bend and focus electrons accelerated to near light-speeds
Energy lost emerges down beamlines as highly focused light at X-ray wavelengths

The Diamond machine has produced its first "synchrotron" light beam, which will
allow experiments to get underway. Diamond is described as a series of "super
microscopes" that will probe the structure of matter down to the scale of atoms
and molecules. Experiments at the Oxfordshire facility could lead to
breakthroughs in physics, medicine and environmental protection. Located at a
science campus near Didcot, the £300m-plus Diamond Light Source is housed in a
vast doughnut-shaped building covering an area the size of five football
pitches. The core of the machine is an enormous ring that runs for 562m.
Electrons are fired into this ring and accelerated in a vacuum to velocities
approaching light-speed.
Breakthrough hope

As the electrons are steered around the ring by huge electromagnets, they lose
energy in the form of synchrotron radiation - exceptionally intense beams of
X-ray, ultraviolet, and infrared light - also known as synchrotron light. This
light is channelled into areas of the facility known as beamlines. These
research stations are equipped with state-of-the-art instrumentation that allows
scientists to probe deep into the basic structure of matter. Researchers hope
these investigations will lead to scientific breakthroughs. Diamond will
eventually host up to 40 beamlines around the synchrotron ring. Synchrotron
light has been used to help improve foods, cosmetics, drugs and surgical tools.
It is used in medical imaging, the detection of toxic substances in the
environment, forensics and monitoring stresses in complex engineering structures
such as aircraft wings. Commenting on the first synchrotron light beam at
Diamond, the facility's head of accelerator physics, Riccardo Bartolini, said he
was "very encouraged" by the early data. The project is funded by the UK
government and the Wellcome Trust.










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President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
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Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
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http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
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Dear friends of Nature, Geology, Archaeology and Science,

Month of Sawan is approaching and there has been rain in the area of saraswati
civilisations and weather is also expected pleasant during the time. so we are
planning an extensive expeditions in the area for the Nature and wild life as
well as GEOLOGY and archaeology with the groups of science and interested
community members with the guide of geologists and Archaeologists.

Activity week ends 29 -30 July, 5-6  12-13  19-20 and 26 -17 August. week days
research work will be carried out and planning will start before week of 24 - 28
July with members of science groups , Itihas parishad, geologist and
archaeologist.

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http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
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Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
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http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
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Dear medicos, Docs and friends of science,

Stem cell finding offers IVF hope http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4104680.stm
  Lab-grown sperm may be a possibility in the future

British scientists say they have taken a step towards showing human eggs and
sperm can be created from stem cells.
The finding may help IVF treatment, hit by a shortage of egg and sperm donors.
Sheffield researchers told a European fertility conference they had shown
embryonic stem cells could develop into the earliest stages of eggs and sperm.
In principle, this means it may be possible to clone stem cells from an
infertile patient and turn these into the required sperm or eggs for IVF. In
their study of the human embryos, the Sheffield University team were following
the same principle that had previously been observed in studies of stem cells
taken from mice. They found that some of the human cells developed the genetic
signature of primordial germ cells, the ancestors of eggs and sperm.

The work, presented at the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology
conference in Copenhagen, may one day compensate for a shortage of egg and sperm
donors for IVF treatment. This lack has led to the growing trend of fertility
tourism - couples seeking help abroad. The Sheffield researchers say many more
tests are needed to check the technique is safe.Typically, sperm banks have
relied on donations from younger men in their 20s, targeted through football
programmes, magazines and student unions. Egg donation is more intrusive and
riskier, making it more difficult to recruit donors. But numbers of both donors
have been dwindling. Some say that laws lifting anonymity on donations from 1
April this year might put off even more potential donors.

Sperm production

The team at the Centre for Stem Cell Biology in Sheffield used stem cells taken
from embryos donated for research by couples undergoing IVF. They found some
formed into a collection of cells called embryoid bodies. When they looked at
these cells in detail they found that within two weeks a small number of cells
expressing some of the genes found in human primordial germ cells were present.
Some cells also expressed proteins only found in maturing sperm. Mr Behrouz
Alfatoonian, one of the team which carried out the study, said: "This suggests
that human stem cells may have the ability to develop into primordial germ cells
and early gametes as has been shown previously for mouse embryonic stem cells."
He said the challenge now was to choose the cells that were going to develop
into primordial germ cells and then work out how to encourage them to grow into
mature sperm and egg. "Producing functional gametes is much more difficult
because we have to recreate for the cultured cells the environment of the
developing follicle for the egg or the tissue of the testis for the sperm," he
said.

'Fantastic news'

Professor Harry Moore, who runs the centre, said the research meant it might
ultimately be possible to produce sperm and eggs to use in assisted conception
treatments. British Fertility Society secretary Dr Allan Pacey called the
research an "exciting step forward that has huge implications for the way we
could undertake research studies to investigate the processes of egg and sperm
development. "We still don't really understand why some men and women can't
produce sperm and eggs of their own, and sadly for them that leads to
infertility. "But if we could better understand the basic biology then we might
be in a better position to help them one day." Laura Witjens of the National
Gamete Donation Trust said: "Donation has gone down over the last eight or nine
years. "Any research that could ultimately help patients requiring egg or sperm
is fantastic news."

Clare Brown, of Infertility Network UK, said: "Although this is good news for
couples who cannot produce their own sperm or eggs there is a lot of work still
to be done before it can be used in fertility treatment." However, the charity
Life said the work was less about helping infertile couples to have children
than about helping to solve the acute shortage of eggs and sperm needed for
human cloning and embryonic stem cell research. Spokesman Matthew O'Gorman said:
"Just because something may be possible does not mean that it is ethical.
"Destructive research on human embryos erodes respect for the value of human
life and must be stopped."



Forwarded by YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
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Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
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http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
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From: HinduKrantivir@...
Sent: Thursday, July 06, 2006 12:47 PM
Subject: Origin of Indian Civilization Subject of US Conference
4. Origin of Indian Civilization Subject of US Conference
bsingh@...


DARTMOUTH, MASSACHUSETTS, July 3, 2006: (HPI note: This is a press release
received from Bal Ram Singh (e-mail above), Ph.D., Director, Center for Indic
Studies, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth)

Comprehensive population genetics data along with archeological and astronomical
evidence presented at June 23-25, 2006 conference in Dartmouth, MA,
overwhelmingly concluded that Indian civilization and its human population is
indigenous. In fact, the original people and culture within the Indian
Subcontinent may even be a likely pool for the genetic, linguistic, and cultural
origin of most of the rest of the world, particularly Europe and Asia. Leading
evidences come from population genetics, which were presented by two leading
researchers in the field, Dr. V. K. Kashyap, National Institute of Biologicals,
India, and Dr. Peter Underhill of Stanford University in California. Their
results generally contradict the notion Aryan invasion/migratio n theory for the
origin of Indian civilization. Underhill concluded "the spatial frequency
distributions of both L1 frequency and variance levels show a spreading pattern
emanating from India," referring to a Y chromosome marker. He, however, put
several caveats before interpreting genetic data, including "Y-ancestry may not
always reflect the ancestry of the rest of the genome" Dr. Kashyap, on the other
hand, with the most comprehensive set of genetic data was quite emphatic in his
assertion that there is "no clear genetic evidence for an intrusion of
Indo-Aryan people into India, [and] establishment of caste system and gene
flow."

Michael Witzel, a Harvard linguist, who is known to lead the idea of Aryan
invasion/migration/influx theory in more recent times, continued to question
genetic evidence on the basis that it does not provide the time resolution to
explain events that may have been involved in Aryan presence in India. Dr.
Kashyap's reply was that even though the time resolution needs further work, the
fact that there are clear and distinct differences in the gene pools of Indian
population and those of Central Asian and European groups, the evidence
nevertheless negates any Aryan invasion or migration into Indian Subcontinent.
Witzel refused to present his own data and evidence for his theories despite
being invited to do so. He was nevertheless present in the conference and raised
many questions. Some of his commentaries questioning the credibility of scholars
evoked sharp responses from other participants.

Rig Veda has been dated to 1,500 BC by those who use linguistics to claim its
origin as Aryans coming out of Central Asia and Europe. Archaeologist B. B. Lal
and scientist and historian N.S. Rajaram disagreed with the position of
linguists, in particular Witzel who claimed literary and linguistic evidence for
the non-Indian origin of the Vedic civilization. Dr. Narahari Achar, a physicist
from University of Memphis clearly showed with astronomical analysis that the
Mahabharata war in 3,067 BC, thus poking a major hole in the outside Aryan
origin of Vedic people. Interestingly, Witzel stated, for the first time to many
in the audience, that he and his colleagues no longer subscribe to Aryan
invasion theory.

Dr. Bal Ram Singh, Director, Center for Indic Studies at UMass Dartmouth, which
organized the conference was appalled at the level of visceral feelings Witzel
holds against some of the scholars in the field, but felt satisfied with the
overall outcome of the conference. "I am glad to see people who have been
scholarly shooting at each other for about a decade are finally in one room,
this is a progress," said S ingh. The conference was able to bring together in
one room for the first time experts from genetics, archeology, physics,
linguistics, anthropology, history, and philosophy. A proceedings of the
conference is expected to come out soon, detailing various arguments on the
origin of Indian civilization.



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

ASTEROID FLYBY: During the early morning hours of Monday, July 3rd, asteroid
2004 XP14 will fly past Earth barely farther away than the Moon. XP14 is large
enough (600 meters wide) and bright enough (11th magnitude) to see through
backyard telescopes as it races across the star-fields of the Milky Way. There's
no danger of a collision, just a nice photo-op for amateur astronomers. [sky
map] [ephemeris] [observing tips]





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of Science and Nature.

Do not be surprised to se that weather patterns are so changing that London is
going to be hotter than even Bombay. Not only that the soaring temperature in
LONDON will go above Mediterranean average and may reach above 34 to 35 C°. 
Many will fear to suffer this heat wave as days are longer about 17 hours of
sunshine and that will be the crucial factor as longer days make the temperature
more than we expect and will last for at least 5 days. If such temperature
persists longer than many will suffer and may loose lives due to heat wave.

       London Weather at: 1:10 pm IST C°
                         Currently:
                         22°

                   Sunny High: 30°

                         Low: 20°


                         Currently:
                         26°

                   Rain High: 28°

                         Low: 26°



             Bombay Weather at: 9:50 am BSTC°



Forwarded by YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
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Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
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Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.
       BHUJ Partly Cloudy High: 34°

             Low: 26°



Bhuj-Rudramata Weather


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Dear friends of Archaeology and Science,
Egypt Tomb Reveals Ancient Woven Flowers


LUXOR, Egypt -- Archaeologists hoped the first tomb discovered in the Valley of
the Kings in 80 years would hold the mummy of King Tut's mother. They opened the
last of eight sarcophagi Wednesday, revealing no mummies but finding something
almost as valuable: embalming materials and ancient woven flowers.

Hushed researchers craned their necks and media scuffled inside the stiflingly
hot underground stone chamber as Egyptian antiquities chief Zahi Hawass slowly
cracked open the coffin's lid -- for what scientists believe is the first time
in more than 3,000 years. But instead of a mummy, as archaeologists had
expected, the coffin revealed a tangle of fabric and rusty-colored dehydrated
flowers woven together in laurels that looked likely to crumble to dust if
touched. "I prayed to find a mummy, but when I saw this, I said it's better --
it's really beautiful," said Nadia Lokma, chief curator of the Egyptian Museum
in Cairo. The flowers were likely the remains of garlands, often entwined with
gold strips, that ancient Egyptian royals wore around their shoulders in both
life and death, she said. "It's very rare -- there's nothing like it in any
museum. We've seen things like it in drawings, but we've never seen this before
in real life -- it's magnificent," Lokma said.

Dug deep into white rock, the tomb is known only by the acronym KV63 -- the 63rd
tomb found in the Valley, a desert region near the southern city of Luxor used
as a burial ground for pharaohs, queens and nobles between 1500 and 1000 B.C.
The burial chamber was discovered accidentally last year by U.S. archaeologists
working on the neighboring tomb of Amenmeses, a late 19th Dynasty pharaoh. It
was the first uncovered since the famed tomb of King Tutankhamun in 1922. "For
decades, archaeologists have been cleaning up tombs that were found earlier, so
it's very exciting to discover something new," said Otto Schaden, an
Egyptologist from the University of Memphis, who found the tomb and heads
excavations there. Scientists cut a hole in the tomb's door and got their first
glimpse into the 12-foot-by-15-foot chamber in February. At the time, they
believed it contained seven sarcophagi, but Lokma said a total of eight were
inside.

Since then, the lids of seven of the coffins -- including a tiny one built for
an infant and filled with feather-stuffed pillows -- were peeled back one by
one, revealing pottery shards and fabric but no mummies. With the last opened
Wednesday, the tomb still had more mysteries than answers. Lokma hoped
hieroglyphs would help scientists identify who the coffins and tomb were made
for and what happened to the bodies. Termites had long ago devoured the wood of
the final sarcophagus, leaving only a tenth-of-an-inch-thick crust of resin
frozen in the likeness of its anonymous owner. Archaeologists strengthened the
coffin by coating it with white strips before opening it. They will now begin
analyzing the contents and transport the newly opened coffin and two others up a
steep shaft to higher ground, where the five other sarcophagi have already been
placed and where guards stand watch 24 hours a day, Lokma said. Sixteen of the
28 funeral jars found in the tomb also have yet to be opened. The discovery
broke the long-held belief that nothing is left to dig up in the Valley of the
Kings.

Hawass, who heads the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities, said he believed
the new tomb could have belonged to King Tut's mother. Closely related Egyptian
royals tended to be buried near each other and graves of the rest of Tut's
family have already been found, he said. "It would make sense, his tomb is so
close that it looks like he chose to be buried next to his mother," who died
years before the young king, Hawass said. The tomb may also have been used as a
secret embalming chamber under later pharaohs before being forgotten for
centuries, Lokma said. Though the new discovery did not compare with the marvels
of golden masks, jewels and statues found in Tut's tomb, experts said it was a
major scientific discovery that could ultimately catapult understanding of
ancient Egypt. "These discoveries are always very thrilling, because they give
us a new glimpse into the ancient Egyptians' universe, and can push scientific
research forward," Lokma said.

Associated Press writer Lauren Frayer in Cairo contributed to this report.


Forwarded by YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
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