17th century BC grave excavated in Chitral village

http://www.thenews.com.pk/daily_detail.asp?id=242767



CHITRAL: Archaeologists claimed to have excavated ancient graves and artefacts
made of clay dating back to 17th century BC in remote Parwak village of Chitral
district.

Members of the excavation team of Directorate of Archaeology and Museums Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa Zorawar Khan, Fawad Khan and Mir Hayat told The News that the fresh
finding would add to new information about the Aryan civilisation as human
skeletons and pottery objects found there belonged to that ancient era.

They said the Aryan people spread from Central Asia in the shape of nomads from
1700 to 1500 BC and some of them settled in Chitral district in the bygone age.
They said the human remains, pottery, artefacts and the images carved on various
excavated objects shed enough light the way Aryan people lived.


_________________________________________________________________
http://clk.atdmt.com/UKM/go/197222280/direct/01/
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From: kutchsciencefoundation@...

Subject: Shadows to disappear from Middle of KUTCH and Middle of India on tropic
of CANCER Happy summer solstice 21/6/10 11:28 UT (21 JUNE 2010 16:58 IST)








From: kutchsciencefoundation@...

Dear friends of Science, Astronomy and all kutchies.

Shadows to disappear from Middle of KUTCH and Middle of India on tropic of
CANCER

As an effect of an astronomical event called 'Zenithal Sun', people living at
the places located on particular latitudes will come across an event, in which
the shadow of an object will vanish from the earth for few seconds during a
particular time, depending upon the declination of the sun.

"The scientific reason behind this event is related with the position of our
Earth which is tilted at 23.45 degree because of which, the sun moves up to
23.45 maximum at north. Sun and Earth come at such position, where shadow
becomes too narrow and seems almost disappeared. For this reason, people
residing at the places falling at particular latitudes can see such event twice
in a year BUT HERE ONLY ONCE in a YEAR .




Most of the people don't know about such event. It is a wonderful opportunity to
experience such event as SUN REACHES 23.45 NORTH MAXIMUM on 21 JUNE 11:28 AM =
IST 16:58 AM = 17:50 BHUJ LOCAL TIME. BUT AS SUN Transit the Meridian at 12:53
in BHUJ the phenomenon happens at BHUJ at 12:52 PM IST

Information of SUN on 21 June 2010


Apparent topocentric coordinates for the epoch of date:

Right ascension: 5h 59m 45.76s

Declination: +23░ 26' 16.8"  Constellation: Taurus

Altitude: 52░ 13' 38"              Azimuth: 278░ 46' 10"

Rise: 6h 6m 2s  Transit: 12h 53m 4s   Set: 19h 40m 5s

On June 21, at 12:52 pm, shadows of objects will vanish for a few seconds. With
the rotation of Earth, other places falling in the particular latitude will
witness this event.


Places of Gujarat, astronomy clubs of that area of near Eclipse centre line near
areas of the Bay of CAMBAY.

SuratAstronomyClub SuratAstronomyClub-subscribe@yahoogroups.com
VEDicScienceMaths VEDicScienceMaths-subscribe@yahoogroups.com
bhavnagarastronomyclub BhavnagarAstronomyClub-subscribe@yahoogroups.com
MahuvaAstronomyClub  MahuvaAstronomyClub-subscribe@yahoogroups.com

Since we had Venus transit activity in India we are waiting for an another
golden opportunity of Total eclipse locally passing through the middle of India
and Indian continental region. That will give the maximum advantage to study for
Sun Eclipse to the maximum Local people of India and from all over the world to
come to India.






From: KutchScience
20/6/09, Dr. Bhudia drbhudia@...






UTC date and time of solstices and equinoxes[1]

year
Equinox
Mar
Solstice
June
Equinox
Sept
Solstice
Dec

day
time
day
time
day
time
day
time

2004
20
06:49
21
00:57
22
16:30
21
12:42

2005
20
12:33
21
06:46
22
22:23
21
18:35

2006
20
18:26
21
12:26
23
04:03
22
00:22

2007
21
00:07
21
18:06
23
09:51
22
06:08

2008
20
05:48
20
23:59
22
15:44
21
12:04

2009
20
11:44
21
05:45
22
21:18
21
17:47

2010
20
17:32
21
11:28
23
03:09
21
23:38

2011
20
23:21
21
17:16
23
09:04
22
05:30

2012
20
05:14
20
23:09
22
14:49
21
11:12

2013
20
11:02
21
05:04
22
20:44
21
17:11

2014
20
16:57
21
10:51
23
02:29
21
23:03

2015
20
22:45
21
16:38
23
08:20
22
04:48

2016
20
04:30
20
22:34
22
14:21
21
10:44

2017
20
10:28
21
04:24
22
20:02
21
16:28Subject: Happy summer solstice



Sent: June 19 2010

Dear Science and astronomy Friends,
Happy summer solstice

Today is 19 June SO YOU HAVE A PRACTICE DAY FOR THE REHERSHAL ON 20 JUNE and on
21 June - at local time 12 PM (which is IST 12:52 for BHUJ) - sun will be over
head on tropic of cancer - need to take picture of RAMKUND steps in PLUM line
direction to show if the structures has any shadow at that time in any
direction? (for MODHERA or at the KONARK temples at the their LOCAL NOON time)
those who wants to do the experiments on the tropic of cancer to find out where
is the real tropic of cancer and also to measure the size of the Earth.

http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/files/MeasureEarth.doc
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/lists/


Hints: as Calculation of AU with the help of Venus transit we need to measure
Earth First in reality rather than just taking it granted. As on the summer
solstice day The sun is on the 23.45 N, (Not the 23.5 N - which makes about 3km
difference in distance) we need to go there and find actual place on 23.45 on
the day at local time 12:00 NOON. And that will be real practical aspect rather
than just taken granted Last discussion time.

June 2010) : Measuring the Earth:


Sub: How long will it take and how far we need to go to measure the Earth?
Similar to the experiment below, But all need to do is use local time. When sun
comes overhead (No east or No West). And select two place A & B of Maximum
possible distance apart NORTH and SOUTH and do the measurement same time at both
place as follows.

We can use one control place УSФ in South or УNФ in North about 50 Km away to
correct any minor errors from short distance Уfew KMФ experiment.

Similar Example of Latitudes longitude finding at the Local time. Ц for tropic
of cancer @ Local time you need to find the correct time when sun is on the head
with no shadows East or West. and need to be there at LOCAL time of 12:00 NOON
which may be 12 + MM depending on the place where you go Ц Longitudes.

Experiments done at the Place A & B (NEAR 23.45 N) on 12 Noon IST will have
shadow towards East/West. Depending your positions in India (West/ East of 82.5
E Longitude). And so accordingly you will get shadow East/West.  Measure the
length of that of shadow of 3 Meter pole OR a PLUM LINE shadow and find the
Tangent = shadow/ pole - will give u the angle. Say example : shadow = 600 mm at
that time. So 600/3000= 0.2
so anti tangent is an angle of 11.30' degree. so you are 11..30' West/East of
IST line means IF shadow is East than you are WEST and at 82.30' - 11.30' =  71
degree East longitude.

(If shadow is in the EAST than - you are IN the East of the TIME LINE so you
need to Start an experiment a DAY BEFORE (20 JUNE) and repeated on 21st JUNE
before 2 hours before 12 IST and preferably to start more than an hour before to
set up all arrangements)



Now you find exact time when to take results of the experiment. when there is no
shadow to the EAST/WEST - at 12Noon + (11.3o' x4) = @12 + 46 PM Here you have 46
minutes to do that. To take the next accurate place readings. When there is no
shadow in East/West but to the NORTH/SOUTH ONLY (depending your position North
or south of the SUN in India or in the world) at that place at that time. GPS
may be in correct to show that but not the SUN.

Now measure the length of the shadow in accuracy of mm fractions. @ places УAФ,
УBФ & УNФ or УSФ@ the same time. If the Difference of the length of shadow is
1mm at places УAФ and УBФ same time at Local time when sun comes over head Ц(NO
shadow on East or West) the calculations will be simplified as follows. Anti tan
1/3000 gives the angle made by shadow on the Earth surface gives the angle = at
the centre of the Earth by the distance of the place УAФto УBФ on the surface of
the EARTH. Eg about 1.145Т (1+Т) and find the Circumference of the Earth = 360
degree. (around 40000 Km)

Similarly Controlled reading at УNФ / УSФ will help you to find accuracy eg long
distance measure will give more accuracy than 2KM and correct your readings from
that 50 KM distance experiments. (that will give you about 23.5 mm shadow
Difference than that of УAФ and  23.5+1 mm than that of УBФ) so calculate the
anti tangent and angle and circumference of the Earth and Diameter or R for the
Earth.

TO SIMPLIFY MORE and Easy work, Let One of the 'N' OR 'S' be Either Delhi Jantar
Mantar or JAIPUR - JANTAR MANTAR.

We are very rich in our Astronomy engineering - particularly JAIPUR is the
Richest in that sense. Jaipur has very good working observatory (VEDH SHALA)
with guiding facility.

According to an expert guide (who are also expert in astronomical calculations)-
And that all works local timing and longitude - latitude of the place. Only the
persons required to work for it.

We should utilize that place with aided observation with Summer solstice of   21
June 2010 . TEAM A - working with Local observatory guides and Team B working
with at the 23.5 N.  That is the best place for us to utilize the observation at
that place and that is relay an opportunity for Jaipur & Delhi and users too.


World geometric dimension Table: created





EarthТs Equatorial Diameter

Equatorial Circumference 2D

EarthТs Inter Polar Diameter

Inter Polar Circumference 2D


12756 Km (E to W)

40053 KM (E to W)

12714 K m (N to S)

39900 KM (N to S)


(E to W 23:30 N/S)

(Using Tangent 23:30=0.917)






360 degree @  23.5 Degree

36730km@Tropic of Cancer

360 deg Round the Earth

39900 KM Inter Polar


1 Degree=60' Mins /360

=102 km = 64 Miles

1 Degree=60' Mins /360

=110 km = 70 Miles


1Т Min = 60" Secs    /60

=1.7 KM =1.067 Miles

1Т Min = 60" Secs    /60

=1.84 KM =1.16 Miles




=1700 M = 5632 Feet



=1840 M = 6124 Feet


1ФSec         /60

28.3 M  =94 Feet

1ФSec         /60

30.8 M  =102 Feet


= 37 adult steps

= 18 SecondТs walk

= 40 adult steps

= 20 SecondТs walk




1minute walk =300feets=92M



1minute walk =300feets=92M




1hour = 5.4 Km walk



1hour = 5.4 Km walk

With Compliments from: Dr. BHUDIA : Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:' Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :' Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch '.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhujDo visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science
club of India, Science Group of India & kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN
US.






_________________________________________________________________
http://clk.atdmt.com/UKM/go/197222280/direct/01/
Do you have a story that started on Hotmail? Tell us now

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

<http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7678538942425297587&hl=en>
Scientific Verification of Vedic Knowledge
<http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=7678538942425297587&hl=en>
Dec 28, 2006 - 29:23
A vast number of statements and materials presented in the ancient Vedic
literatures can be shown to agree with modern scientific findings and
they also reveal a highly developed scientific


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Lost Indian grammar manuscript rediscovered in Italian library
http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/news/330505,manuscript-rediscovered-italian-l\
ibrary.html



Berlin - A lost manuscript, one of the earliest by a missionary to detail the
ancient Indian language of Old Sanskrit, has been rediscovered in an Italian
library, the University of Potsdam in Germany said Monday.


Toon Van Haal of Belgium tracked down the Grammatica Grandonica in a Carmelite
monastery library near Rome.

The manuscript not only reveals how western grammarians thought in the 18th
century, but is also likely to offer indirect evidence of what Indian
grammarians said about Sanskrit at that time.

The manuscript was compiled in Kerala, India by Johann Ernst Hanxleben, a German
Jesuit priest who spoke fluent Malayalam, between 1701 and 1732. It had not been
heard of for decades.

The German university began a Europe-wide hunt for the lost book as part of
plans to put digital copies of key online Renaissance grammar works on the
internet.

Van Haal's University of Leuven said the book was found in the Convento di San
Silvestro in Montecomprati.

Old Sanskrit is revered in the west as the oldest branch of the Indo-European
family of languages, which include English, French and Persian.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Fri, 14/7/10, Dr. Bhudia drbhudia@...  wrote:



Subject: A special exibition On Kutch Geology , Archaeology with Artifacs &
pictures of Geology and Archaeology and Geneology Ancestry of Kutchi tribes
people








Hello dear All

A special exibition On Kutch Geology , Archaeology (with Artifacs and pictures
of Geology and Archaeology) and Geneology Ancestry of Kutchi tribes people. will
be held on this SUNDAY 18 JULY 2010 @ NORTHOLT OF LONDON IN SKLP MELA. EXPECTING
TEN THOUSAND OF VISITORS ON THE DAY. UB5 6RE
http://sites.google.com/a/sklpc.com/eft/am
http://sites.google.com/a/sklpc.com/eft/samachar/kutchhistoryancestry

Library Section 15) For ARCHAEOLOGY OF KUTCH :- Archaeological library WITH
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ARCHEOLOGY , Forbidden archaeology including Civilisation and
DHOLAVIRA video library, INCA, MAYA, EGYPT, INDUS etc. 2000+ books on
ARCHAEOLOGY of Kutch, INDIA and whole World
Library Section 16) for GEOLOGY OF KUTCH :- Geological Science Library including
fossils and DINO fossils complete sets of Photographic libraries INCLUDING
Forbidden Geology, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GEOLOGY. including video library

all the best and if you need any help please let me know to share the
informations from Library records and field work .



From yours Dr. BHUDIA Science Group Of INDIA
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India

http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhudia/ &
bhudia@...,
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhudiafamilies/
bhudiafamilies@...,
http://www.panoramio.com/user/1004720
About Us
Produced & Presented by
Kutch Sciene Foundation
Organiser
Dr Hirjibhai Harji Bhudia -madhapar
assisted Bhimjibhai Lalji Bhudia - madhapar
Co operative Organiser
Laxmanbhai Mavji Bhudia - sukhpar (roha)




www.geocities.ws/bhudia/ TO be PUBLISH ON OUR SKLP SAMAJ MELA ON 18JULY2010 & on
the web



Requrement of the Leuva KANBIтАЩs Family history genetic research study.


KUTCH Science FOUNDATION information about KANBI and


KANBI Surnames. Kutch Leva Patel Community all Families
http://www.geocities.ws/bhudia/index_files/kutchlevapatelsurnames.html




Kanbi (KUNBI) is a common IDENTITY and not a Surname, BUT we use as surnames in
MANY of our personal documents, We all Leva Patel Kanbies in OLD time were known
as HALARI KANBIs, As MANY of our families including Halai,Varsani, Hirani,
Siyani, Gami, Bhudia etc arrived from HALAR of JAMNAGAR region of Saurashtra.



We are KSHATRIAYA of Aryan Kul and decedents of Muni KURMI of Muni KASHYAP
VANSH, And descended from region of PAMIR, on banks of Amu river around
HINDUKUSH,. Our culture match with CHITRAL and KALASH culture, KSHETRAL
(Kshetrapal) festivals, their temples, clothing etc.

Many who do not know the science of genetics do not understand this so as many
just ignores the truth of history but GENETIC proofs are the 100% documented
proofs of all genetic history. Either they understand that or not.

Then we further descended from PANJAB Sapta-Sindhu, (Area of INDUS VELLEY
CIVILISATIONS). there is a 10th century Temple of Shiva is in PIND Rawalpindi,
Gujarat of PUNJAB. Then we come to Rajasthan, and there we known as LEUVA. Then
to North Gujarat UNZA, to South Gujarat and Saurashtra and HALAR of Jamnagar,
Then to KUTCH CHOVISHI of BHUVAD, VAGAD, Anjar and HALA CHOVISI, and then
worldwide (Africa, America, UK and Europe, Australia and many more countries of
the World). We have our temples and Hindu Samaj (150 years old Swaminarayan
temple and other Hindu temples in Karachi) and our few lost community families
of OUR Kutchi Leva Kanbi in KARACHI, Many KANBI have left from South Gujarat to
NEWZEALAND 2 century ago and now have forgotten their roots of origin. We have a
research report of those KANBI of New Zealand.

Where ever we go we have our life supporting traditions with us like farming,
weaving, house building etc. as we went to Africa we carried on the same
traditional practice. Similarly Aborigines also have similar traditions as we
have since generations and that suggest that they also have similar cultural
traditions as we KANBI have since many generations. DO NOT BE SURPRISED as
Aborigines learned these from KANBI, descendent from KURMI from the heaven.
(Kurmi тАУis a Descendent of BRAHMA from BRAHMLOK(heaven) and so we are named as
Kunbi - Kanbi) referencecan be read from AboriginesтАЩ History

Many a times when I explained the similarity of house base foundation stones and
compared with our old time traditional house foundation base stones and
direction of building methods of Indus civilisation and our traditional methods,
, farming and weaving techniques, irrigation methods, KOSH irrigation markings
of Dholavira тАЬNAND KUWAтАЭ well markings and our ancient methods. All
similarity are similar and suggestive of the common traditions have same
ancestral historical links. More detailed genetics report Though our SAMAJ has
no (NILL -0%) contribution towards this genetic research at all. But Gujarat
kanbi has been part of the genetic research. We need to initiate our research
for our proof of our genetic links.

For paternal genetics links mutation of тАЬY chromosomeтАЭ DNA haplography
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup and for maternal genetics links mutation
of тАЬMitochondrial chromosomeтАЭ Mt DNA haplography links.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mtdna
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogical_DNA_test

OUR OLD TIMEs Kutch Chovishis:

1)Vagad, (VONDH, ADHOI, villages of RAPAR and Bhachau of Kutch)
2) Anjar (villages around ANJAR and Khedoi of Kutch),
3) BHUVAD (villages around BHUVAD of Kutch)
4) HALA Chovishi (villages around MUNDRA and BHADRESHWAR of Kutch).

NOW our NEW Chovishie of our villages of BHUJ.
OUR Leva Patel Kanbi's have come to Kutch from different parts of Gujarat and
Saurashtra,. There are also many (Twice as many of our Samaj of BHUJ) Leva Patel
families residing in VAGAD including Gami and other families (RAPAR BHACHAU
area) of KUTCH. JAMNAGAR, JUNAGADH, BHAVNAGAR of Saurashtra and South Gujarat.
RAJASTHAN LAUVA SAMAJ is known big political field of RAJASTHAN, Kurmi Samaj in
Bihar and Patil Samaj of MAHARASHTRA also has similar ancestry links.

In Past most of our surnames were attached with our arrival of district, cities,
towns or villages. However now a days due to increase in population in our
villages, we have been adapting names of our ancestors, father's or
forefather's/ mother's names as our surnames,

For example; Meghani from MEGHABAPA, Jesani, from Jesha bapa, Mayani from
Mayabapa, Gangjiani from Gangjibapa, Khimani from Khimjibapa, Laljiani
Laljibapa, Limbani from Limbabapa, Lachhani from Lachhuma.

Total population figure for Our Samaj of KUTCHI LEVA PATEL is not available at
perfect figures but our Samaj should work to do it by step by step and from
village to village in KUTCH as well as abroad. Here in UK we can do it by doing
at village by village and accumulate to make UK Samaj census. Same way all SAMAJ
can make total of OUR SAMAJ Census.

Presently we approximate 60,000+ census in BHUJ Kutch Samaj, 12-15+ thousands in
Africa SAMAJ, 35-40+ thousands in UK and rest 5000+ total to be approximate to
1,20,000. But all this figures are approximate and accurately can be done only
by correct census counting.

Vagad KUTCHI LEVA PATEL SAMAJ has census double of our census and is to be
approximate + 2,00,000 Similarly HALAR JAMNAGAR, Junagadh, Bhavnagar and south
Gujarat has bigger census 2,00,000+ each. Leuva Rajasthan, Patils and Kurmi
Samaj also have BIG census figures. And worldwide censes figure may reach beyond
Millions.

From Dr.BHUDIA- Science Groups. President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Web @ www.geocities.ws/bhudia/ Email: bhudia@..., & kutchscience@...
R2 In India - Frequency within communitiesrequency





Contents R2dnainfo


Highlights of a study by Sangamitra Sengupta et al - 2006
R2 Around The World
R2 Frequencies Worldwide
R2 Frequency among Brahmins
R2 In India - Frequency within communities






Ethnicity, Group,



State(India)


R2 Freq %


Sample Size


Source









Region, Caste


Country



















































.


Bihar Kurmi


Bihar


India


15%


13


http://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2006/01/11/0507714103.DC1/07714Table_3.pdf



.


Patel


Gujarat


India


11.1%


9


http://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2006/01/11/0507714103.DC1/07714Table_3.pdf



.


Austro-Asiatic





India


10.94%


64


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1380230/table/TB6/



.


Parsi





Pakistan


20%


90


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC447589/table/TB2/



.


Gope


Orissa


India


18.75%


16


http://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2006/01/11/0507714103.DC1/07714Table_3.pdf



.


Gujarat Bhil


Gujarat


India


18.18%


22


http://www.nature.com/jhg/journal/v54/n1/fig_tab/jhg20082t1.html#figure-title



.


Dravidian Lower Caste





India


13.79%


29


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1380230/table/TB6/



.


Kashmiri Pandit


Kashmir


India


13.73%


51


http://www.nature.com/jhg/journal/v54/n1/fig_tab/jhg20082t1.html#figure-title



.


Rajput


Himachal Pradesh


India


13.3%


15


http://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2006/01/11/0507714103.DC1/07714Table_3.pdf



.


Jaunpur Kshatriya


Uttar Pradesh


India


87.23%


47


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/mid/UKMS2933/



.


Kashmiri Gujar


Kashmir


India


8.16%


49


http://www.nature.com/jhg/journal/v54/n1/fig_tab/jhg20082t1.html#figure-title



.


Samarkand





Uzbekistan


8%


53


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC56946/table/T1/



.


Madia Gond


Maharashtra


India


7%


14


http://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2006/01/11/0507714103.DC1/07714Table_3.pdf



.


Maratha


Maharashtra


India


6.25%


16


http://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2006/01/11/0507714103.DC1/07714Table_3.pdf



.


Punjab


Punjab


India


5%


66


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC379225/table/TB3/



.


Dravidian Tribes





India


5%


180


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1380230/table/TB6/



.


Gujarat


Gujarat


India


3.45%


29


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC379225/figure/FG3/



.


Avars





Europe/Asia


2.4%


42


Yunusbaev et al. (2006)



.


Santhal


Jharkhand and West Bengal


India


2%


109


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1851701/table/T2/



.


Egypt





Egypt


0.68%


147


http://hpgl.stanford.edu/publications/AJHG_2004_v74_p000-0130.pdf






Uzbek/Khurezm





Uzbekistan


1%


70


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC56946/table/T1/






Tibet





Tibet


0.6%


156


http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1852741/







































































тАв Haplogroup R2 is present both in Dravidian and Indo-European populations,
implying that R2 has a pan-Indian presence, and is not restricted to any
linguistic group.
тАв The frequencies of R2 seem to mirror the frequencies of R1a (i.e. both
lineages are strong and weak in the same social and linguistic subgroups). This
may indicate that both R1a and R2 moved into India at roughly the same time or
co-habited, although more research is needed.
тАв R1a1 and R2 haplogroups indicate demographic complexity that is inconsistent
with a recent single history.
тАв R2 has a particularly strong presence in the Indian states of West Bengal,
Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat, and in the area of Mumbai (Bombay).
тАв Contrary to the findings of Spencer Wells, the paper claims that there is no
evidence that Central Asia was the source of the R1a and R2 lineages in India.
The theory that Central Asia could have been the recipient of the two lineages
from India should not be ruled out.
тАв Some of the other studies like Bamshad et al., 2001, Kivisild et al., 2003
found Haplogroup 1(the old representation for non-R1a1 Haplogroup R subclades)
at around 40% among Telugus of coastal Andhra Pradesh. The identification of
this Haplogroup with R2 is confirmed from Sanghamitra Sahoo et al., 2006 study
which observed R2 ranging from 35% to 55% among non-Brahmin castes of this
region.



No Incidence of R2:
Uttar Pradesh - Bhoksha, Kurmi, Thakur, Jaunsari. West Bengal - Bauri, Lodha,
Kora. Bihar - Rajput. Jharkhand - Bhumij, Birhor, Ho, Khari, Munda, Santhal,
Oroan. Sikkim - Nepali, Bhutia. Manipur - Muslim. Arunachal Pradesh - Adi Pasi.
Mizoram - Hmar, Kuki, Lai, Lusei, Mara Orissa -Juang, Saora. Andhra Pradesh -
Brahmin, Naikpod Gond, Yerukula. Karnataka - Gowda, Iyengar. Tamil Nadu -Irular.
Maharashtra - Katkari, Mahadeo Koli.

Source:
http://www.pnas.org/content/103/4/843.full.pdf+html
http://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2006/01/11/0507714103.DC1/07714Table_3.pdf
Information on Ethnic Groups
Patel (Gujarati: рккркЯрлЗрк▓, paс╣нel, pronounced [p╔Щ ╩Иel]) is an Indian
surname used by some of the agrarian castes predominant in the Western Indian
state of Gujarat.[1] The surname is the second most common in India, following
Singh.[2] The Patel surname is found primarily in the Indian states of Gujarat</
A>, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh[citation needed], Uttar Pradesh, and Orissa. The
BBC Radio 4 programme "Meet the Patels" (June 2009) asserted that there are
around 410,000 to 670,000 Patels in the UK, where it is now the 24th most common
surname[3]. Patil is the Marathi version of this same name.

Ethnicity
The surname is popular and denotes a particular landowning status. People of
different religions and castes share the surname. The Patels historically
belonged to various Patidar sub-castes. Two main groups of Patels in Gujarat
make up the Patidar community including: 1. Leva Patel/Patidar [Charotar Leuva
patels are the richest peoples from the beginning in gujarat] 2. Kadava
Patel/Patidar. The Kadava Patidar sub-caste is found mostly in districts of the
Saurashtra region like Rajkot, Junagadh, Jamnagar and Bhavnagar and also
Mahesana. the Leuva Patidar sub-caste are mainly found in the Charotar Region
(which are also known as Charotar Leuva Patidars) (Kheda, Anand), Kanam (Va
dodara, Bharuch, Panchmahal), South Gujarat and Saurashtra region. The book
titled "Patel a Life" by Rajmohan Gandhi throws some light on the ancestors of
Sardar Patel: "His mother Labda gave him birth in the house of her brother
Doongerbhai Desai.. Labda's husband Jhaverbhai belonged not to Nadiad but to a
village called Karamsad(twelve miles south of Nadiad and three miles west of the
town of Anand), where he tilled a ten acre plot and owned a small house. He and
Labda and all their relatives were Patidars. Cen turies earlier their ancestors
had migrated from the far north and taken possession of a sandy yet rich stretch
of soil called the charotar... the Patidar ancestors - possibly linked to the
formidable Huns who swept down into India from the northwest in the sixth
century or to the Gujars of Punjab or to both-cleared the Charotar woods,
improved the sandy ground with dung manure and cart loads of black soil... they
also soldiered for nearby chieftains... more tangibly, they obtained a clear
title of the lands they had occupied, and were therefore called Patidars-holders
of a land title - or Patels. The Patidars have alternated, in their customs,
between eating meat and abstaining from it, between paying bride-price and
demanding dowry from a bride's parents, between permitting widow-remarriage and
banning it... while changing their customs, the Patidars retained their Hindu
religion, ralling together against outsiders, male supremacy, silence before
elders and an individual's subservience to the (extended) family but
independence before the world. Bluntness in speech, an unconcern about dress and
appearance, a sense of equality within the fold that turned the village into " a
collectivity of Patidar brothers" and a sense of superiority towards
non-Patidars, a self-image of tough independent men... naturally given to ruling
over others" marked the Patidar character.
The Gujars who migrated from North India to Gujrat started calling themselves as
Patidar or Patel. In Rajasthan, Patel is a very common word used by Gujars... in
every village there is a title (Patel) given to some dominant family and this
title of 'Patel" runs in the family and is transferred to the eldest son of the
family. In areas around Bharatpur, Gujars are popularly called as "Patel" by
other communities. It is similar to "Chaudhary" which was used to be in the NCR
and Western Uttar-Pradesh as a title both by Gujars an d Jats but now a days in
the entire Northern India "Chaudhary" is being used as surname by Jats.The
Gujars of North India also have two main devisions- (i) Laur Gujar and (ii)
Khari Gujar that is very similar to 1. Leuva Patidar and 2. Kadava Patidar of
Gujrat. During the Moghul era Patels were trusted heads of the villages. The
British also relied on Patels to carry out administration in any particular
village. Pate is derived from t he word "Pattalikh" meaning certain portion of
land "patta" (A unit of Land) and named after the head of the village "likh"
meaning "named". Amin surname bearers are also known as Patels. Saurashtra kadva
patel have specific surname like Sapovadia, Jasani, Bhut, Viroja, Garala,
Savsani, Marvaniya etc. These are drawn on the basis of their migration from a
village, e.g. Sapovadia brought from Sapovada village. Saurastra Leuva Patels in
the Saurastra region district have specific surnames: Abhangi, Babaria, Busa,
Khoyani, Pambhar, Limbasiya, Kanani, Kunjadiya, Dobaria, Keraliya, Radadia,
Gajera, Sutaria, Sojitra and so on from their original village names (from the
Kheda, Vadodara, Ahmedabad, and Saurastra regions). In South Gujarat, nearly 90%
of the members of the Koli and Kanbi Patidar sub-castes bear 'Patel' as their
last name. The Patels outnumber all other Gujaratis in the United States, United
Kingdom, and New Zealand. The surname 'Patel' is also used by Kolis in other
regions of Gujarat. Besides Kolis and Kanbis, Dhodia Patidars of South Gujarat
also use Patel as their last name. The surname can also be found amongst
Muslims, and Parsis. Patidars of Rajasthan (south and south-east rajasthan) and
Madhya-Pradesh mainly use 'Patidar' itself as surname. The Patidars of these two
states are also divided into two groups, Leuva and Kadava. It is also the
surname of many of the Gujarati Muslim Vora Patel communities.

It should be noted that other Gujaratis who migrated out of what is now the
state of Gujarat during the British Raj to British East Africa (Kenya and
Uganda) would sometimes adopt the surname 'Patel' and this surname was then
subsequently passed onto their descendants (who now mainly reside outside Kenya
and Uganda). Also, during the British Raj, some 'Patels' who migrated to British
East Africa and the Union of South Africa (South Africa) adopted different
surnames, usually the name of their village (e.g. 'Dandikar'), their trade (e.g.
'Contractor'), or even their grandfather's name and subsequently these surnames
have been passed down to their descendants.

Origins
Patels do not belong to any particular religion or caste; rather the name merely
indicates that the bearer came from a particular region, historically. Some
Patels follow Islam, Zoroastrianism or Christianity, but they are predominantly
followers of Hinduism.
Gujaratis bearing the last name Patel were from the Punjab region and are
Suryavanshi branch Kshatriyas Patels are a sub-group of the Gurjar clan who are
dispersed all over the Indian sub-continent. These refugees were accepted in
present day Gujarat by the Solanki kings.
The Solanki king gave uncultivated land in the Petlad Taluka. This land was
divided into villages and for each village a head was appointed. His job was to
keep all records. Each village gave a portion of the crop to the king, as a form
of tax. The book in which this tax was recorded was called the pat, and the act
of writing it down was known as likh; hence the head of the village was
addressed as Pat-Likh and the people of the villages became known as Patlikhs.
Over ti me, changes in the vernacular produced modern variations such as Patel,
Patidar and Patil.[4]

The Patels were further distinguished by the village they belonged to. Examples
of this are the Leava Patels who originated from the village of Leava.
Kurmi(Hindi: рдХреБрд░реНрдореА) or Kunbi is the name of one of the J─Бtis
(Castes) of the Hindus in India. Kurmi are highly respected tribe among the
Har-Mitan social civilization. Kurmi is known as the chief ancient agricultural
caste of India. People from the Kunbi / Kurmi community in India belong to a
sub-caste of the Kshatriya Varna.[1]
Kshatriyas turned to farming or agriculture are known as Kurmis.






тАЬ



"A Kshatriya who has fallen into distress, may subsist by all these means..."


тАЭ



тАФ Laws of Manu, X:95 [1]


As per ancient Hindu texts, agriculture is permissible to Kshatriyas under
special circumstances [1] Laws of Manu, Chapter X, Verses 90, 95, 116 [1] in the
absence of opportunities in the military and feudal apparatus of a righte ous
Aryan king. Indeed, the service in the army of an unrighteous, or a 'Yavana', or
a 'Maleccha', king was the biggest imaginable anathema for a conscientious and
observant Vedic Kshatriya in ancient India. A Vedic Kshatriya was not a
mercenary soldier but a defender of faith and righteous order (dharma).
The link between Kshatriyas and agriculture has been justified on the grounds of
linguistic affinities between the root тАЬarтАЭ (Bravery, heroism, found in
English and Greek hero, Russian geroj and Sanskrit arya) and other words for
Cultivators i.e. those who labour nobly (Russian oratel or ploughman, Airga in
the Zend-Avesta), as well as in the legend of King тАЬPrithuтАЭ, who tamed the
earth to make fertile again. It is for this reason that the Sanskrit word for
тАЬearthтАЭ is тАЬPrithviтАЭ, in honour of the Aryan king тАЬPrithuтАЭ who first
cultivated the earth. And, in the words of Thomas Jefferson, тАЬcultivators of
the earth are the most virtuous and independent citizensтАЭ.

Mr. Craddock remarked: to the outside world the Kunbi is regarded as the
embodiment of the agriculturist and the term Kunbi and become the generic name
for professional cultivator. He is certainly a most plodding. Patient mortal
with a cat-like affection for his land. Some of the more intelligent and
effluent of the caste, who have risen to be among the most prosperous member of
the community, are as shrewd men of business in their way as any section of the
people, though lacking in education. But of the general body of the kunbi caste
it is true to say that in the matter of enterprise, a capacity to hold their own
with the money-lender, determination to improve their standard of comfort or
their style of agricultureтАжтАж., he is much their superior in endurance under
adversity, is more law-abiding, and commands both by reason of his char acter
and caste, greater social respect among the people at large'. [2]
Kurmi - Common Kurmi Surnames
The Rajwade, Chandrakar, Chaudhary, Chandra, Chandrawanshi, Patel, Patidar,
Patanwar, Kadwa, Lewa, Uttam, Reddy, Naidu, Niranjan, Wakkaligar, Kunbi, Kanbi,
Kutumbi, Kudumi, Kulmi, Kulambi, Kulwadi, Kapu and Kama - all belong to one
caste, commonly called as тАШKurmiтАЩ or тАШKunbiтАЩ. Common surnames or family
names of Kurmis include Singh,Sinha, Chaudhary, Rathor, Patel, Verma, Katiyar,
Niranjan, Gangwar, Pawar, Patil, Bhonsle, Reddy, Gowda, Mohanta, Scindia, Naidu,
Mahato, Sachan, Kanaujia, Jichkar, Wankhde, Chavan, Rau,Mene and few more.

Origin & History
People from the Kurmi known as Kunbi also, community in India belongs to a
sub-caste of the Kshatriya Varna. The word 'kunabi' is a generic term equivalent
to farmer in English. According to the great Indian mythology Lord Rama had two
sons one Luv and other Kush. Luv's successors came to known as lavyas who
settled in Kashmir and later moved towards other parts of the country mentioned
below. Successors of Kush came to be known as Kushwahas. who basically settled
in northern plains of India. Kurmis (then known as patildars) used to be
governing bodies patildars in Gujrat, Maharashtra, South India, Sindh, Kashmir,
eastern Afghanistan plains, Indus valley and parts of Pakistan before invasion
of Aryan s. Then were owners of land and gave that for farming in 'pattas'.
Owners of 'pattas' were called patidars>>patildars>>patil & patel later on and
they further got subdivided into many other sub casts тАШAtharvavanshiтАЩ or
тАШAtharvansiтАЩ, тАШJaisawarтАЩ, тАШKatiyarsтАЩ, тАШKannaujiaтАЩ and some more
mentioned in below paragraphs. History indicates that Kunbi also called Kurmi
and are original native of India they originated and lived here.
The physical appearance of the Kurmis tends to support the view of their
Kshatriya Origin. According to the Revd. Sherring, тАЬThe Kurmi has a strong,
bony hand, natural to a man of his employment. He is frequently tall and
powerful, manly outspoken and independent in manner and is altogether free from
cringing obsequiousnessтАЭ [тАЭTribes and CastesтАЭ Vol III - p/258]. Colonel
Edward Tuite Dalton regards them as the descendants of some of the earliest
Aryan Colonists - a brown tawny coloured people, of an average height, well
proportioned and with [fair] amount of good looks. They show well-shaped heads
and high features and except when they have obviously intermixed with
aborigines, they are unquestionable Aryans in looks. Grey eyes and br ownish
hair are sometimes met with amongst them. The women usually have small and well
formed hands and feet [тАЭEthnology of BengalтАЭ - p/320]. Sir George Campbell,
speaking of the Kurmis of Hindustan says, тАЬThey are on an average darker and
less good looking than the Brahmans and Rajputs, but still quite Aryan in their
features, institutions and manners [тАЭEthnology of IndiaтАЭ - p/92].

Etymology and usage

Basically, it means тАЬI doтАЭ, тАЬI am ableтАЭ. тАЬKuruтАЭ in Sanskrit means
тАЬdoтАЭ. тАЬKurmiтАЭ in Sanskrit, which is frequently used in The Ramayana,
literally translates as тАЬI canтАЭ or тАЬI am ableтАЭ, or тАЬwithin my power to
actтАЭ. In other words, those who are not Kurmi are not able, incompetent or
without power to act.
Examples of the usage of the word in Sanskrit are from the Ramayana:
1)тАЩyat na KurmiтАЩ sadresam priyam... (Valmiki Ramayana, Book 6, Sarga 1).
тАШI am not ableтАЩ to do a pleasant act...
2)тАЩna KurmiтАЩ tvam bhasmam (Valmiki Ramayana, Book 5, Sarga 22) тАШI am not
makingтАЩ you into ashes.
Barwar Community
The Barwar community of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar are descendents of the Kurmis.
Kurmi in north/south India and Nepal, Kurmi also present in the east as well as
southern India. They are relatively prosperous and educated, forward thinking,
but conscious and rooted to farming and trading also. Etymologically, the words,
Kunbi are generally considered a derivative of the word Kurmi. Kurmis constitute
around sixteen percentage of the total population of India.


A History of Gujaratis in New Zealand and Wellington Most Gujaratis in New
Zealand belong to one of two main agricultural sub-castes, Koli and Kanbi

A DETAILED research PHD report on subject of KANBI - Gujarati in Newzealand and
Wellington is available in reference library of our science foundation, you may
request to read a full report.

(Bandyopadhyay2007: 127). The names of the first Gujaratis in New Zealand is not
known, but by 1903 Narotum Barber, Keshav Chhiba and two brothers, Gulab and
Makan Jivan had arrived 17 I capitalize тАШWhiteтАЩ throughout this thesis
(except when quoting directly) to indicate that I am referring not to an
objective phenotypical characteristic, but to a cultural category.
(Leckie 1998: 165). Other Gujaratis began to arrive in small groups from around
1910 (Bernau 2006: 12). The Gujarati population in New Zealand has grown through
a process of тАШchain migrationтАЩ where migrants encourage and assist kin,
partners and co-villagers to migrate to the same destination. As a result, a
remarkably large percentage of Gujaratis in New Zealand trace their ancestry to
villages in present day Navsari and Bardoli sub-districts of the Surat District.
Most Gujaratis in New Zealand belong to one of two main agricultural sub-castes,
Koli and Kanbi (Leckie 1998: 167).

Until 1921, Indians could migrate to New Zealand fairly easily compared to other
non-White potential immigrants because of their status as British subjects
(Bernau 2006:
12). 18 Early Gujarati immigrants were all male and were usually young and
married. The first female Gujaratis arrived in 1922, but migration of Gujarati
women to New Zealand remained rare until after World War II. 19 The very early
migrants were remarkably small in number with only 181 Indians recorded in New
ZealandтАЩs 1916 census (Leckie 1998:169) and 671 in the 1921 census
(Bandyopadhyay 2007: 126). They did not intend to settle permanently in New
Zealand, but rather to accumulate wealth and retire to India. The first wave of
migrants often worked in manual labour which r equired little spoken or written
English. Common occupations included bush clearing, road construction, flax
cutting, ditch digging and swamp draining. 20 Early migrants also found work in
the service industry, particularly in boarding houses and hotels. However,
working for wages was seen by many as a stepping stone to self-employment. Some
common early forms of self-employment included bottle collecting and selling
fruit and vegetables. Fruit and vegetable retail initially involved hawking
goods from a basket or barrow, but by World War I some Gujaratis were leasing
shops and sites in Auckland and Wellington (Leckie1998: 169). Several Gujarati
families have operated or been employed in more general small retail outlets
such as dairies and superettes (Leckie 1998: 170).
18 To gain entry, Indian migrants had to pass an тАШeducation testтАЩ which was
relatively simple with prior
coaching (Leckie 1998: 168).
19 The migration of Gujarati women to New Zealand began in 1922 with the arrival
of Divalliben Daji and Dudhiben Moral (Leckie 1998: 165).
20 Gujaratis in these forms of employment often travelled in small work gangs
(Leckie 1998: 169).
14 Although the leasing of shops by Gujaratis and other Indians stirred some
racist hostility from Pakeha retailers (Leckie 1998: 169), it was when they
began to lease and purchase land suitable for market gardening after 1920 that
hostility reached substantial levels. A White New Zealand League was founded in
Pukekohe mainly by market gardeners and shopkeepers alarmed by the prospect of
тАШracialтАЩ competition. The League provoked widespread xenophobia throughout
New Zealand. The White New Zealand League itself did not last long, but the
occupational discrimination and racism towards Indians in New
Zealand it had incited continued for decades (Leckie 1998: 171). This xenophobia
was reflected in immigration policy. The 1921 Immigration Restriction Amendment
Act allowed entry only to those who were related to those already here тАУ
wives, children under 21 years and fianc├йs of the men. 21 This reinforced the
kinship basis of Indian migration and is largely responsible for the substantial
dominance of Indians from Gujarat and the Punjab in New Zealand until the 1990s
(Leckie 1998: 172-3).
The experience of racial discrimination encouraged Indians in New Zealand to
form
organisations in which they could collectively counteract тАЬoppressive
legislation and
discriminatory immigration policyтАЭ and foster cultural practice (NZICA 2003).
Regional organizations were established in Auckland, Wellington and Taumarunui
(the тАШCountry
SectionтАЩ) and these joined forces to form the New Zealand Indian Central
Association in 1926 (Bandyopadhyay 2007: 128). 22 With the exception of the
Country Section New Zealand Indian Association (which is dominated by Punjabi
Sikhs), the activities of the Indian associations largely reflected a Gujarati
identity (Leckie 1998: 178). Indian sports clubs were also established in some
places around this time.
By World War II, Gujaratis in New Zealand were investing increasing amounts of
time, money, labour and identity in New Zealand. Increasing investment in shops
and market gardens resulted in the immigration of substantial numbers of Indian
women to meet the
21 The fianc├йs of Indian women resident in New Zealand were not allowed entry
until after World War II (Leckie 1998: 173).
22 Regional organizations were later formed in Pukekohe, Bay of Plenty,
Christchurch, Manawatu, Waikato and Taranaki and these too became affiliated
with the national association.
15
need for family labour (Leckie 1998: 173). Thus families, rather than single
males, began increasingly to reside in New Zealand. Family immigration was
further encouraged by changes to New ZealandтАЩs immigration policy after World
War II which discouraged lengthy absences for Asian residents (Leckie 1998:
174).
Recent decades have seen both continuities and discontinuities in the history of
Gujaratis in New Zealand. Although racism and racist attacks towards Indians do
still
occur, general public attitudes no longer condone overt discrimination against
ethnic
minorities (Leckie 1998: 179). 23 The Indian population in New Zealand doubled
in ten years from just over 30,000 in 1991 to over 60,000 in 2001 largely due to
changes in immigration regulations. The large numbers of new immigrants have
substantially reduced the percentage of Indians born in New Zealand (Bernau
2006:
15) and the numerical dominance of Gujaratis. The coups in Fiji have seen Fijian
Indians overtake Gujaratis as the most populous Indian collectivity in New
Zealand (Leckie 1998: 163) and changes to a points-based immigration policy has
seen a dramatic increase in the
numbers of professionals migrating to New Zealand from India. Professional,
managerial and technical occupations have become increasingly common among New
Zealand Gujaratis since the 1960s, reflecting increased tertiary education
amongst the
second and third generation as well as the influx of professional migrants
(Leckie 1998:
172). The organizations established in the 1920s continue to play a role in the
lives of New
Zealand Gujaratis today. The Wellington Indian Association (WIA), established in
1925
has a current membership of approximately 600 families. This membership consists
almost entirely of Gujarati Hindus related in some way to the families that have
been
here for many generations (Bernau 2006: 69-70). The Association is housed in a
large
complex in Kilbirnie and activities include the running of a Gita class (which
deals with
religious matters), a Gujarati school and preschool and a ladies auxiliary as
well as paying
23 It may be the case, however, that racism has become more subtle rather than
actually lessening. A
Massey University study conducted in 1996 found that 60 percent of New
Zealanders believed that too
many immigrants from Asia and Pacific countries were resident in the country. 40
percent of respondents
felt that Asian immigrants were taking away jobs from New Zealand-born citizens
(Bandyopadhyay 2007:136).
16
and maintaining a full time priest or pujari from India and the organisation and
hosting
of тАШIndian bazaarsтАЩ (Bernau 2006: 70-1). The Wellington Indian Sports Club,
established
in 1935, fields many menтАЩs, womenтАЩs and junior hockey and cricket teams as
well as
organising social events (WISC 2004). Although non-Indians and Indians of
different
s are represented in their membership, the comments of my participants
suggest that this club is also dominated by Gujaratis. 24 With increasing
numbers of
Indians living in New Zealand, decreased racial tension and the continuation of
collective expressions of тАШethnicтАЩ identity in the form of organisations,
Indianness in New
Zealand is becoming increasingly public. In Wellington this is evident in the
architectural
prominence of the Association buildings, the attendance of large numbers of the
non-
Indian public at Indian bazaars and the popularity of the Diwali celebrations
sponsored
by the Wellington City Council.



From yours Dr. BHUDIA Science Group Of INDIA
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India

http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhudia/ &
bhudia@...,
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhudiafamilies/
bhudiafamilies@...,
http://www.panoramio.com/user/1004720
About Us
Produced & Presented by
Kutch Sciene Foundation
Organiser
Dr Hirji H Bhudia -Madhapar
assisted Bhimjibhai Lalji Bhudia - Madhapar
Co operative Organiser
Laxmanbhai Mavji Bhudia - Sukhpar (roha)







[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From: kutchsciencefoundation@...


Subject: KUTCH University has started a course of ARCHAEOLOGY But when ASTRONOMY
SCIENCE?





Dear editorials, friends of ASTRONOMY, Archaeology, science, History and
documentation,



KUTCH University has started a course of ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENECE  But when they
will understand to realise the importance of starting an ASTROMY COURSE in
KUTCH? kutch is the best place to study the practicle astronomy including an
establishing an observatory on high hills of KUTCH (KALO , NANAMO, DHIRNODHAR &
LANKI hills of Bharapar etc).Kutch also has most of clear atmosphere and most
suitable location around the tropic of CANCER.

Ancient KUTCH SARASWATI Civilisation during the pre Harappa and post Harappa
times

At Last KUTCH University has started a course of ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENECE,
Wonderful idea is accepted.


Dr. BHUDIA Science Group Of INDIA
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear Moderator,
аааааааааааааааааааа I glad to know that youаlisted my name as a club
member.Thank you.



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From: kutchsciencefoundation@...

Subject: Our Community prides and 1965 INDIA PAKISTAN war report and secretes
from Military records and restricted secretes files part 1
Date: Tue, 3 Aug 2010 15:17:57 +0000






1965 INDIA PAKISTAN war report and secretes from Military records and restricted
secretes files. (PART 1) till present date.

Repors are based on facts and library record held in out KUTCH SCIENCE
FOUNDATION LIBRARY Photographic and documentry records. We start from dispute to
today till last Border Visit to VIGAKOT with BSF Commander.

When ever a golden story is said about Virangana ladies of Madhapar we remembers
those ladies of KANBI of Madhapar who repaired the military runway during
continuous bombardment which was destroyed by Pakistani bombing and all were
moving out of BHUJ. Destroyed air force runway was repaired on next day battle.

But was that the only story written in golden history? We have a one more story
of India Pakistan war 1965. A totally BLIND Brahmin person named CHUNILAL
MAHARAJ with a DHOTI KURTA, has reached to border in the RANN of Kutch where he
was stopped by a military personnel and was asked

1) Where he is going to?
* CHUNILAL said УI am going to KANJAR KOT Ц KANJAR KOT HAMARA haiФ
2) Personnel said You  can not see and firing is going on and you will be
injured. And you can not protect yourself, why you are putting your life at
risk?
** DonТt worry at least that will make their waste of at least on Bullet to kill
me rather than injuring to our soldier so at least I will be able to save at
least OUR one soldier!!! How can I forget those words I hear by my ears?

1965 conflict in Kutch and KUTCH SINDH BOUNDARY DISPUTES

Poor road communication in Rann of Kutch in 1965.
Khavada road run to border though BANNI to the north to DIPLO in Pakistan but
monsoon wet season every thing obstructed even to four wheelers. And difficult
to reach even to MORI bet. (Mori means TAKARI / HILL)
While on northern Pakistan border side of the ran of Kutch was well equipped
with road facility on land side and so military movements were easy to mobilise
the troops from East and West.
A track Linked LUNA near Northern end of Kutch with Rahim-ki bazzar in
Pakistanacross the rann pass through SHAHI, VIGAKOT and KANJARKOT.

Also there were two more tracks From BELA (Rapar) to Nagar Parkar in Pakistan.
One from BELA and other from LODRANI on the way to DHOLAVIRA in KHADIR.

DISPUTE of SINDH KUTCH state boundary was long and historical since many wars
were fought for these reasons.  In 1938 STATE of the Sindh laid claims over half
of the Rann of Kutch. Latest in 1843 the boundary was fixed British rule. But
again dispute started with partition in 1947.
On 14 July 1948 Pakistan wrote to India that the SINDH- KUTCH Boundary was still
in dispute and must be settled.
On 10 Aug 1949 India cited evidence to prove that there was no disputes in this
regard.

In a note of 9th April 1956 again Pakistan put forward the arguments saying the
Rann is a dead sea and so according to the international practice Rann should be
divided equally as international sea boundaries. And Northern part of Rann of
KUTCH up to DHARAMSHALA in Rann is to be handed over to Pakistan. But during
British rule maps Kutch Rann was fully shown as part of KUTCH.
  As not withstanding of exchange of notes, Pakistan started military movements
early in 1949 and Kutch demanded increased patrols along the border. But by the
end of 1955 Pakistan built a Mortar tracks to GULMAMAD TALAV and contingents  of
about 50 reserve Sindh police at each of the VINGI and  Baliari of JAT TARAV
opposite CHHAD bet area. India lodged a protest against Pakistan on 12 Jan 1956
but did without any effects. On 17 Feb 1956 an Indian police patrol found an
armed  Pakistani intruding up to Gulmamad Talav and taken up position there and
also fired to assert its right over Chhad bet area in the northern border of
Rann Of KUTCH.

On 18 Feb 1956 B squadron of 7 grenadiers camel mounted infantry commander sent
a routine petrol to Chhad bet at 72 km and reached there by Noon Next day. 
Pakistanis were well in Dug-in positions and allowed to enter the petrol to
enter the area and opened LMG fire on them, injuring a SIPAHi. Petrol also
returned fire and exchange of fire resulted injuring 2 Sipahi and killed 3
camels. And resulted in exchange of notes without any results.
Pakistanis were equipped with MMGs and 2Ф mortars had occupied the whole of
Chhad bet. On 24 Feb India protested and Indian army took measures to expel
intruders and 112 infantry brigade stationes at Dhangadhra was ordered to move
to BHUJ on 22 Feb. The brigade less than 5raj Rif gathered at Khavada on 24 Feb.
On the same day 7 grenadiers of brigade established a firm base in area of BEDIA
BET and next day the Army commander reconnoitred the area.

From yours Dr. BHUDIA, WILD LIFE Of  KUTCH
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :Wild Life Of KUTCH - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Date: Sun, 8 Aug 2010 01:27:21 -0700







http://www.springerlink.com/content/6255546790582001/fulltext.html

Published online: Abstract

Archaeology is the study of human behavior through material culture, the things
we rely on for survival. Behavioral change was likely a driving factor in the
evolution of our species, and archaeology therefore plays a central role in
understanding human origins from the beginning of the known archaeological
record some 2.5 million years ago. From its origins to subsequent
diversification, the material record of human behavioral innovation provides an
essential learning tool for understanding human behavioral diversity and also
serves as a gateway to critical thinking in education.

***NEW:- We have RECENTLY addded UP 1300+ books on ARCHAEOLOGY of Kutch, INDIA
and whole World.




Now our Millions page Digital DATA libraries in Kutch Science Foundations & many
more to come.
SECTIONS

8) Chemistry Complete library  +500s of Books

14) SANSKRIT and grammar including full +1000 page Sanskrit dictionary,  Oxford
dictionaries, Vedic (PURANs NAAD VEDAs) Library including all 18 Purans and 4
Vedas including grammar and translations AND AN ANCIENT PERSIAN BOOKS

15) Archaeological library WITH ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ARCHEOLOGY , Forbidden
archaeology  including Civilisation and DHOLAVIRA video library, INCA, MAYA,
EGYPT, INDUS etc.   2000+ books on ARCHAEOLOGY of Kutch, INDIA and whole World



Resource Guide to Teaching Human Evolution and Archaeology
This guide aims to aid educators in teaching human evolution from an
archaeological perspective. Lesson plans and reference materials are provided.

REFERENCE Books
Burke H, Smith C (2007) Archaeology to Delight and Instruct: Active Learning in
the University Classroom. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press. This innovative
book presents novel ways of teaching archaeological concepts to students in
college or university. Twenty experienced instructors provide exercises
comprised of role-playing, simulations, performance, games, and activities.
Simply put, this is a great way to breathe life into your archaeology lectures.
One world archaeology series, no. 49; 288 p.
Gosden C (2003) Prehistory: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University
Press. Probably the most engaging resource available, this is considerably
briefer than most on the subject of prehistory. This introduction spans the
entire archaeological record prior to the advent of writing. Very short
introductions series, no. 96; 131 p.
Klein RG (2009) The Human Career: Human Biological and Cultural Origins.
Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. Perhaps the most comprehensive
published source of information on the archaeology of human evolution, this
dense text is the standard against which all others are measured. It is used in
undergraduate and graduate courses across the United States. Third edition, 989
p.
Morell V (1995) Ancestral Passions: The Leakey Family and the Quest for
Humankind's Beginnings. New York: Simon & Schuster. No study of the archaeology
of human evolution would be complete without mention of the Leakey family.
Morell examines in her biography the family famous for discovering important
fossil discoveries that have helped to shape the understanding of human origins.
638 p., illustrated.
Osterweis Selig R, London MR, Kaupp PA (2004) Anthropology Explored: The Best of
Smithsonian AnthroNotes. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Books. AnthroNotes is
required reading. Published twice a year, this free resource is aimed towards
educators and is published by the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of
Natural History. Some of the best articles published prior to 2004 have been
collected in this book, including those on human evolution, archaeology, and
art, among others. (Not included in this volume yet available online, the Spring
2010 issue (vol. 31, no. 1) of AnthroNotes is a special issue on human origins.)
Second edition, 348 p., contains illustrations and maps.
Schick KD, Toth NP (1993) Making Silent Stones Speak: Human Evolution and the
Dawn of Technology. New York: Simon & Schuster. This tome provides a beautifully
illustrated and clearly written first-hand account of the earliest
archaeological traces based mostly on the authors' own experimental fieldwork.
351 p., illustrated.
White R (2003) Prehistoric Art: The Symbolic Journey of Humankind. New York:
Harry N Abrams. A comprehensive overview, this volume provides a superbly
illustrated coverage of Paleolithic art. With 226 full-color illustrations that
are great visual aids to a lecture, this book covers the history of global
excavations, the art, and the peoples who made it, and the interpretations of
the symbols. 239 p., illustrations and maps included.
Wood BA (2005) Human Evolution: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford
University Press: This small, affordable, and very handy book covers the history
of paleoanthropology and sets the stage for evolutionary research, covering
fossil evidence for human evolution, genetics, biology, paleoclimatology, and
geochronology. Very short introductions series, no. 142; 131 p., illustrations
and maps included.

Encyclopedias
Delson E, Tattersall I, Van Couvering J, Brooks AS (2000) Encyclopedia of Human
Evolution and Prehistory. New York: Garland Publications. Perhaps the most
authoritative source on human evolution, this standard in the field contains
more than 800 alphabetical entries written by 54 internationally recognized
scholars. Facts and theories are clearly described and supported by
illustrations and diagrams. A summary of major subjects is presented, as well as
a detailed list of articles by topic. This is geared toward advanced levels but
provides detailed explanations and examples of teaching topics. Second edition,
Garland reference library of the humanities series, no. 1845; 753 p.,
illustrated.
Jones S, Martin RD, Pilbeam DR (1992) The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Human
Evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. This encyclopedia covers a
wide range of human evolution, including genetics, fossils, primatology,
biology, ecology, and archaeology. Emphasis is on the biological diversity of
modern people and fossil and genetic evidence for evolution. This is geared
toward advanced education levels. Although now slightly dated, the writing is
superb throughout. Cambridge reference book series; 506 p., illustrations and
maps included.
Stringer C, Andrews P (2005) The Complete World of Human Evolution. London:
Thames & Hudson. The full range of human evolution is explored in this
well-written book, including the fossil, genetic, and archaeological evidence,
as well as detailed chapters exploring how paleoanthropologists Уknow what they
know.Ф Sites around the world are explored, including more recent ones in the
Republic of Georgia, as well as genetic innovations, tool use, and art.
Beautiful illustrations (including many specially commissioned for this volume),
photographs, and diagrams help demonstrate key topics and provide a ready source
of lecture aids. 240 p., illustrated.

Organizations and Institutions
Archaeological Institute of America (www.archaeological.org). Publishers of
Archaeology magazine, the AIA provides resources for hands-on learning of
archaeology with lesson plans and examples for classroom learning, including
shoebox digs and the mystery cemetery, the basics of archaeology, movies,
bibliographies, and glossaries.
Mississippi Valley Archaeology Center at the University of Wisconsin, La Crosse
(www.uwlax.edu/mvac). This center is involved in the researching, preserving,
and teaching about the archaeological resources of the Upper Mississippi River
area. The resources for educators include frequently asked questions, resource
guides to the area's past peoples and technologies, a glossary, lesson plans
(including in PowerPoint), and more.
National Academy of Sciences, Evolution Resources
(http://nationalacademies.org/evolution). The National Academy of Sciences
provides the fundamental definitions and defense of evolution from the premier
association of American scientists. The Evolution Resources portal contains
definitions, research reports, frequently asked questions, and more on issues
pertaining to evolution and teaching evolution.
Science Netlinks (http://sciencenetlinks.com). The American Association for the
Advancement of Science's Science Netlinks website provides lesson plans for K-12
science educators. We suggest the plans for grades 3Ц5: the Artifacts series;
Technology: Past, Present and Future; for grades 6Ц8: Environment, Technology,
and Culture of the Chumash People, Learn to Think like an Archaeologist, the
Collapse series (about civilizations); and for grades 9Ц12: Exploring Human
History and The science of Mummies.
Human Origins Program, Smithsonian Institution (http://humanorigins.si.edu/).
The Department of Anthropology at the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of
Natural History recently launched the website of its Human Origins Program,
showcasing interactive resources on human evolution and paleoanthropology,
asking УWhat does it mean to be human?Ф The site provides information on human
evolution evidence, research, and human characteristics, along with resources
for education. The site is a companion to the museum's new human origins
exhibit. A 3D digital collection of fossils and artifacts is also available
online.
Society for American Archaeology (www.saa.org). SAA provides many resources on
teaching and discussing archaeology for educators at K-12, undergraduate, and
graduate levels, including lesson plans. The УFor the PublicФ section includes
resource links and a frequently asked questions (FAQ) page with questions
educators may receive from students. The УResourcesФ tab in this section
features brochures for the public, including a factsheet on common myths in
archaeology and more FAQs for students and teachers.

Directories
The American Association of Museums (www.aam-us.org). The AAM lists a directory
of member museums, searchable by museum type, museum name, and state, among
others. Search for УNatural History/Anthropology.Ф
The National Association of State Archaeologists (www.uiowa.edu/~osa/nasa). The
NASA provides a directory of state archaeologists for the United States and its
territories.

Videos
NOVA: Becoming Human: Unearthing Our Earliest Ancestors (2009). PBS, WGBH
Educational Foundation. This series explores human evolution through
computer-generated animations and interviews with experts in the field. The
three-part series includes Part 1: УFirst Steps,Ф Part 2: УBirth of Humanity,Ф
and Part 3: УLast Human Standing.Ф The companion website to the series,
www.becominghuman.org, features an interactive documentary and resources. Series
producer, Graham Townsley, rated TV-PG, about 160 minutes per part.
NOVA (www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova). NOVA television programming offers great
documentaries on anthropology, archaeology, and human evolution. The УTeachersФ
section offers teacher's plans for many of their videos. We suggest videos in
the УAnthropologyФ section, specifically, Alien from Earth, which explores the
УhobbitФ found in the Indonesian island of Flores. Many videos are available for
viewing online.


Forwarded By yours Dr. BHUDIA Science Group Of INDIA
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Happy Independent day

1.Kotay (Koteshwar,- Not the NARAYAN KOTESHWAR) but KOTAY - Koteshwar of Kutch


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26564


2.Reha, Kutch Ramayana reliefs


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26713




3.Nashik- Kumbh Mela city


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26727


4.Chittorgarh fort


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26734


5. Ramvada temple ruins


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26738


6.Rampur cemetery


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26736


7.Ravechi Mata Temple


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26743


8.Khubdi mata temple


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26744


9.Warnu Dada Temple


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26764


10.Surya Narayan temple -Adesar


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26765



11. Bhim Betka


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=14695


12.Elephanta Cave Temples


http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=26802


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Sun, 22/8/10, Dr. Bhudia drbhudia@...  wrote:

Dear Jeff,

I sent you this email on 16 Jan 2010 and pictures (small sized pictures to
attach to email for informations ONLY) If you need a larger pictures I can do
but most of work is recorded in Video recording and is in larger size and can
not go with email attachements.

And further exploration investigations- and research work at
1) NADAPA - BHURAGADH & KARAGADH caves
2) VEKARA BHURAGADH caves will be done as soon as funds will permit us.

I will keep your email contact in my list. and will let you know.
Presently I am In HERTS of UK. my further visit will be dependent on KUTCH
SCIENCE FOUNDATION  research funds


Saturday, 21 August, 2010 11:55 Jeff Morgan jmorgan@... 
wrote:

Thank you for this very interesting background,
This is extremely interesting, could you send more information and photos?

Jeff
Subject: Re: Subject : Information of BUDHDHA CAves Kutch






On 1/16/10 9:46 AM, "Dr. Bhudia" drbhudia@...   wrote:

From: kutchsciencefoundation@...
<http://uk.mc267.mail..yahoo.com/mc/compose?to=kutchsciencefoundation@hotmail.co\
m>   Sat, 16/1/10, Dr Bhudia Kutch Science Foundation
kutchsciencefoundation@... wrote:

Dear friends of Budhist History, Kutch, Archaeology and science.

Subject:Information of BUDHDHA CAves Kutch

Generally when some one talk about Budhism and Budha caves, statue and stupas,
we think about CAVES of ANJANTA, BODHIGAYA, Oriisa and Bihar Patana and . But we
hardly Think of KUTCH as general belief if that budhism was not extended to
KUTCH.
But recent archaeological findings of 80 Budha CAVES of KATESHWAR near SIYOT
(these caves are as old as AJANTA) and a statue - Mudra of Budha, makes us to
rethink of our believes.

One of the such oldest metal statue of Budha discoverd from kutch and stored in
KUTCH MUSEUM is been donated to DALAI LAMA by our Gujarat chief ministaer Mr
NARENDRA MODI.

But is not that all. actually we need to make more search of such Budha caves
and unsolved inscription in such hidden Budha caves which are actually more
encient that Ajanta.

THREE main Cave sites of BUDHA CAVES have been found at folowing three locations
but only one is known to general Public

1) File is Attached Lakhpat SIYOT (kateshwar) Budha cave info.JPG  and Kateshwar
caver Panorama view.jpg


2) File is Attached Nadapa Budhha Caves0.jpg Nadapa Budhha Caves1.jpg and
BhuraGadh NADAPA Caves.JPG 1-2 century BC

2A) KARAGADH of NADAPA BUDHA CAVES  2-3 Km west from the village NADAPA in Hills
of HABAY MOUNTAIL hills
File is Attached Nadapa Budhha Caves1.jpg cave is collapsed and can not be seen
inside - need an Excavation (archaeology) there.

2B) BHURA GADH of NADAPA BUDHA CAVES 2-3 Km west from the village NADAPA in
Hills of HABAY MOUNTAIL hills
File is Attached Nadapa Budhha Caves0.jpg and BhuraGadh NADAPA Caves.JPG cave is
with unsolved inscriptions and is collapsed.

3) VEKARA BHURAGADH CAVES is difficult to reach and investigate File is Attached
BHURAGADH VEKARA RAMPAR.JPG
No one has visited nor any one has information of this place. Place is 1-2 km
from Vekara of BHuj near MAGALESHWAR area. difficult approch and needs an
Excavation (archaeology) there. 1-2 century BC

All are recorded and photographic records are kept in our Digital On line
library of Archaeological SECTION  15) Archaeological library WITH ENCYCLOPEDIA
OF ARCHEOLOGY , Forbidden archaeology  including Civilisation and DHOLAVIRA
video library, INCA, MAYA, EGYPT, INDUS etc.

1300+ books on ARCHAEOLOGY of Kutch, INDIA and whole World

+300 Books library on BUDHISM and HSUAN TSANG
<http://www.palikanon.com/namen/h/hiuen_tsang.htm>  HSUAN TSANG
<http://www.palikanon.com/namen/h/hiuen_tsang.htm> (var. Hiuen Tsiang). A well
known Chinese monk who visited India and traversed a large number of countries

Hs№an-tsang , 605?-664, Chinese Buddhist scholar and translator. He early
entered monastic life and later traveled in China, teaching and studying.
Between 629 and 645 he made a pilgrimage to India in search of authentic
scriptures. He studied at Taxila
<http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Taxila.html>  and Nalanda
<http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Nalanda.html>  , the most celebrated center
of Buddhist learning in India, and also visited Kashmir and the major Buddhist
holy places. Pious, learned, and fluent in Sanskrit, he was honored by the
Indian rulers whom he met, including the Emperor Harsha. After returning to
China he translated the texts he had brought back with him and wrote his
memoirs. His disciple K'uei-chi is known as the founder of the Fa-hsiang school
of Buddhism, the Chinese branch of Yogacara
<http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Yogacara.html>  .

http://indianhistoryias.blogspot.com/2009/11/xuanzang.html
<http://indianhistoryias.blogspot.com/2009/11/xuanzang.html>


Buddha Bronze : (7th cent) By far the most precious of Museum objects. The
standing Buddha has an inscription on the pedestal which informs that the image
is made by one Nagsing in memory of his Guru Kirtidevi. It proves that Buddhism
allowed women to assume priesthood as against Hindu sanctions against their
womenfolk studying scriptures. There is a bronze image of Lord Buddha with a
Brahmi inscription informing that it was erected by one Nagsing in memory of his
Guru Kirti Devi. This proves that Buddhism allowed women to be priests - It was
a reformist movement.
The wooden doors from Roha Kotda (where the poet Kalapi had married) are also on
display. The doors  from Narayan Sarovar are a treat for the eyes. They have
designs of flower  and each one of them is done differently.


  http://www.kutchmitradaily.com/News.aspx?id=34229
<http://www.kutchmitradaily..com/News.aspx?id=34229>

Dr. BHUDIA Science Group Of INDIA
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Date: Tue, 24 Aug 2010 19:22:56 +0000
From: drbhudia@...
Subject: Re:

To: dkrai24@...
CC: kutchsciencefoundation@...

Hello dear DHARMENDRA,

Press Trust of INDIA

New Delhi


Word green Famaine is used when there is a plenty of rain but if it cause a
scarcity of crops or food. reasons may be floods, destroyed crops, less sunlight
due to high rain and clouds - crops fail or less productive or even washed away,
destroyed food grains as wet dampy weather or rain water may deacy those food
stores.

As in areas of floods in PAKISTAN INDUS region is happening there, that may
happen in GANGETIC plains as those area has less slopes in river drains in
Northeren India. (less likely in Southeren as is mountain area and river slope
is good in gradient to drain all water quickly)





I will be happy to provide MORE detaild all information and data if you wish to
share publications in the media and awarness issues on water regulations during
the change of weather,  floods and famines.

Surely I am writting up the issue on scientific bases and how we can avoid by
taking mesures of shifting water by canals to area of scarcity of water and
reduce the effect of rain floodings.

Originally Dr Vishweshariya had a thinking of such canal system when he designed
the Krishna sagar dam in Mysore during the time of british colonial time. but
later it was put on a side with independance. but now we should rethink of it

weather pattern runs in cycles of floods/famine of 30-40 years and world weather
cycle of 120 years (accordingly  based on the scientific tree ring study - wider
rings in tree in good rain and narow in droughts time) - I have all data in my
library. and based to that 120 years cycle is approching in next dacade. so we
have to be prepared during this dacade and also that will be helpful to regulate
water in floods and droughts.

To support all those finding I have a Huge library of 50000+ books and data of
weather and rain and droughts. and I have from KUTCH desert to CHARAPUNJI
information in records.

Also I have samples of AIR quality traped in air bubbles in side the ancient
IRON SMELTING FROTHS of harppan time 4500 years before,  to compare with present
time air quality.

Read these below data of KUTCH

There has been records of two cycles of weather in KUTCH. though a mini cycle of
3 years of good and bad rain is known as short term periods as we are aware of
in our regular life time.

But a major cycle of droughts an very Good Rain cycle are different e.g. 40
years of cycles of major droughts (e.g. 1, CHHAPANO Vikram sanvant 1956= 1900AD
and 2, 1940 KUTCH FAMINE  CHHANAVO Vikram sanvant 1996= 1940AD) affecting most
parts of western Monsoon system and also has Good Monsoon of 30 years cycle.
both of those weather cycles falls in 120 years world weather cycle studied
scientifically with rings in tree trunks. as good rain makes a ring wider
expanding growth and narrows in famines. (30x4 cycle=120 years=3x40 cycle)

CHHAPANO 1956 VS= 1900/01 famine has been recorded in major parts of the world
tree records. and if cycle is repeating after 120 years Major world dropout is
possible in next few years after next decade!

(1744  to 1823) 80 years = 2x40 years cycle) population dropped 65%

Year 1744  Population was about 10 00 000 People migrated to KUTCH BHUVAD, HALA,
VAGAD and ANJAR from Saurashtra and HALAR
1762 Wars in Kutch from SINDH (WAR of ZARA) many people died in ZARA (LAKHPAT -
KUTCH), SANDHAN and VINZAN (ABADASA - KUTCH)
Year 1819 MAJOR EARTHQUAKE of AlhaBANDH Many people died, Gone out of KUTCH ,
SINDHU RIVER farming stopped in KUTCH.

Year 1821 Population dropped 700 000 a 30% drop of Population because of ABOVE
circumstances.
Year 1823 Population dropped 350 000 a 50% drop of Population because of ABOVE
circumstances.

Year 1891 Population increased to  5 58 000
Year 1900 Population dropped  due to  FAMINE of CHHAPANO (Vikram sanvant 1956=
1900AD)
Year 1901 Population dropped  to  4 88 000 (12%) due to  FAMINE of CHHAPANO
(Vikram sanvant 1956= 1900AD)
(1821 to 1901 = 80 years = 2x40 years cycle)



OUR LIBRARY LISTINGS

***NEW:- We have RECENTLY addded UP 1300+ books on ARCHAEOLOGY of Kutch, INDIA
and whole World.




Now our Millions page Digital DATA libraries in Kutch Science Foundations & many
more to come.


Hello DNA GROUPS

Though we are based out of INDIA, we are happy to know the news of revive and
learn SANSKRUT (sanskrit is derived english version of word SANSKRUT)

We hold a full sanskrit library with learning methods , SABDA KOSH, (dictionary)
and all 18 PURANs and VEDs. and happy to share for this noble purpose.


14) SANSKRIT and grammar including full +1000 page Sanskrit dictionary,  Oxford
dictionaries, Vedic (PURANs NAAD VEDAs) Library including all 18 Purans and 4
Vedas including grammar and translations AND AN ANCIENT PERSIAN BOOKS


SEND me a email of your choice of Book with details of the subject and name of
book / publisher and author etc will check and let you know

You need to be a member  of one of science groups Below to get bebnefit free
library service and And SEND US email with your request of books name/ publisher
and author etc.

If that book is ready and size to fit in space of file section of science
groups, THE will be uploaded  to read your Book of choice to your group of
science where you are registered and requested a demand of book.

If book is not ready will be notifies when available and message will be sent to
group and all members of the group.

Each group has FILE SECTIONS - and you can read or download for your personal
reading purpose.

LARGE REFERENCE BOOKS can not be uploaded due to DATA size capacity can be
requested and available only ON LINE transfers and need to have a broadband
servises with suitable speed of data transfers

e.g. http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/files/
and http://groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchScience/files/

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
in.groups..yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj



***NEW:- We have RECENTLY addded UP 500+ Books on finanace business and trading
markets forex etc. 1300+ books on ARCHAEOLOGY of Kutch, INDIA and whole World.

Now our Millions page Digital DATA libraries in Kutch Science Foundations & many
more to come.
  1) Thousands +1800 of books on Computer and IT Science 500+ libraries = 2300+
books
2) Books on Mathematics Library including MATLABS, Astronomy 500+ books
including video library
3) Books On Astronomy and Space science, study course library, including SPACE
ENCYCLOPEDIA  Astronomy Video library of Science discoveries AsimovТs science
fiction library. Including video library.
4) Ancient Books of Astronomy, BRAHMAND PURAN, and spherical astronomy, elements
of space, Physics and maths Science which are not available now a day. And
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SPACE and including video library
4) Home science and Cooking Books with cooking recopies
6) Handicrafts and Stitching books
7) Physics Complete library. +500s of books including video library
8) Chemistry Complete library  +500s of Books
9) Biology Complete Library  +500s of Books
10) Human Anatomy Science and complete Medical Library for medical university
and research students. + 1500 BOOKS
11) Full medical science library, medical dictionary and Ayurvedic information
library INCLUDING BIOMEDICAL, GENETICS, + 1500 BOOKS
12) Actuarial science and statistical science and predictions BOOKS library
13) Robotic science and technology Books LIBRARY
14) SANSKRIT and grammar including full +1000 page Sanskrit dictionary,  Oxford
dictionaries, Vedic (PURANs NAAD VEDAs) Library including all 18 Purans and 4
Vedas including grammar and translations AND AN ANCIENT PERSIAN BOOKS
15) Archaeological library WITH ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ARCHEOLOGY , Forbidden
archaeology  including Civilisation and DHOLAVIRA video library, INCA, MAYA,
EGYPT, INDUS etc.   1300+ books on ARCHAEOLOGY of Kutch, INDIA and whole World
16) Geological Science Library including fossils and DINO fossils complete sets
of Photographic libraries INCLUDING Forbidden Geology, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GEOLOGY. 
including video library
17) History, Science Documentary and science Discoveries, GEO DISCOVERIES and
civilisations Digital and digital Video libraries. including video library
18) Reference Library of ancient civilisation and geological science of Kutch
AND ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GEOTECTONICS . including video library
19) Reference Library for Birds and Environment & Nature library of Kutch AND
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIRDS, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NATURE , ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ANIMAL including
video library
20) Digital Audio Library including Vedic audio, AsimovТs Science Fictions audio
Library And many more to come.
21) Books On Botany  and science, and ENCYCLOPEDIA OF Science including video
library
22) Books On engineering science, electric engineering, civil , construction and
mechanical + 600 Books
23) full Encyclopedia of Britannica 2008
24) RECENTLY addded UP 500+ Books on finanace business and trading markets forex
etc



And many more to come SEND US email with your request of books name/ publisher
and author etc

Dr. BHUDIA Science Group Of INDIA
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.



Wed, 25/8/10, DHARMENDRA KUMAR RAI dkrai24@...  wrote:

From: DHARMENDRA KUMAR RAI dkrai24@...
Subject: Hi
To: drbhudia@...
Date: Wednesday, 25 August, 2010, 0:25



Thanks for replying sir. I was intented to do a story on this topic in Indian
context rather Indian subcontinent context. See the persistency of Green Famine
is in Ethiopia is since a long time but in Indian context we although seeing
news around corner that rain will salvage the kharif. How we can describe green
famine in Indian context. I will raise this issue among Agri Scientists. Do you
want to give any cue.

Dharmendra Kumar Rai
Journalist
PTI Bhasa New Delhi
Mob No-9899668057







[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From: drbhudia@...


Hello,
Press Trust of INDIA
New Delhi

Dear friends of History, Maths, Science, Irrigation, Engineering, Archaeology
and Agriculture,

I will be happy to provide MORE detailed all information and data you wish to
share for the publications in the media for the awareness of the issues on water
regulations during the change of weather, floods and famines.

Surely I am writing up the issue on scientific bases and how we can avoid by
taking measures of shifting water by canals to area of scarcity of water and
reduce the effect of rain flooding. As it is happening now in the region of
INDUS (Sapta SINDHU) and Gangetic plains & in Yamuna.

But it is minor flooding in the reality. As this year Monsoon is just as Good
monsoon and not a abnormal cycle of Monsoon.

Our country has different regions ranging from Thar Desert to SAL RANN of KUTCH
to CHERAPUNDJI where 400Ф rains every year on average. I f we can divert those
rain water to other rivers of dry region and perform a network of canals joining
the rivers of all India, not only we divert flood waters but also provide water
for areas  scarcity. Also in case of flooding area can be saved of such
disasters happening now.

Also these water channels will make water ways for transport of goods to save
energy and reduce carbon dioxide. Also helps to increase productions of
agriculture and food scarcity will be eliminated. Will also help hydroelectric
projects to produce energy, instead of wasting such water during overflows.

Originally Dr Vishwesharaiya had a thinking of such canal system when he
designed the KrishnaSagar dam in Mysore during the time of British colonial
time. but later it was put on a side with independence. but now we should
rethink of it

Weather pattern runs in cycles of floods/famine of 30-40 years and world weather
cycle of 120 years (accordingly based on the scientific tree ring study - wider
rings in tree in good rain and narrow in droughts time) - I have all data in my
library. And based to that 120 years cycle is approaching in next decade. So we
have to be prepared during this decade and also that will be helpful to regulate
water in floods and droughts.

RIVER @ BAGPAT 35 km North of Delhi, YAMUNA River ground level =211 meters from
sea level
The Baghpat city is located on the banks of river Yamuna at 28 deg 57' North
Latitude and 77 deg 13' East Longitude. It is 52 KM from Meerut City and is on
the main DelhiЦSaharanpur Highway around 40 KM from Delhi

Presently we have few canals from those places but not for divert the water but
to agriculture purpose. We can not use those canals as those regions are already
flooded.  We need BIG CANALS to divert this river flow to right places by Canal
network. We can do as required if we have these system of canal network in
position. But unluckily we are not prepared yet.

RIVER KHARI @ DISA Banaskantha River ground level =114 meters from sea level and
the DISTANCE 709 Km giving a 97 meter height difference (giving a slope of canal
about 14.6 cm /km)
DISA is located on the banks of Khari river at 24 deg 15' North Latitude and 72
deg 09' East Longitude.

RIVER KHARI @ SIHORI 45 km south of DISA River ground level =70 meters from sea
level and the DISTANCE 754 Km will give more gradient to the canal from Bagpat
giving a 1.5 times height difference of 141 meter (giving a slope of canal about
18.7 cm /km) further 40 km south near

RADHANPUR ground level reach to only 40 meters from sea level to give even
better gradient  about 21.5 cm /km slope of for the canal.
Here we are using all gravitational water diversions only and save energy and
utilising water in proper way.

Present Indus flooding is also due to miss management of the water flows of the
river and trying to tame the river waters. 4500 years ago Harappa and
MohenjoDaro civilisation also used the correct way to keep the flow in most
efficient way so as to avoid flooding. They used canals to divert water to
reservoirs and kept the river water flow clear without obstruction.

Presently we have obstructed natural water flows of rivers and obstructed to
make more flooding. If we see the present situation in Indus and Gangatic plains
we see the water flow have been obstructed and that have cause the flooding in
the areas of river banks.

In the Harappa region

HARAPPA Ground level 166m from sea level and presently most of the area is under
the rain water as Indus river flow is obstructed and can not drain the flood
water around the ground.
Mohejo daro Ground level 56 m from sea level and presently just 1km from the 25
km wide of river burst.

Though this is only just a sample of rain cycle in 80 years time. Not as wild
monsoon to destroy the civilisation as it has happened in the past with
Mohenjodaro.

To support all those finding I have a huge library of 50000+ books and data of
weather and rain and droughts. And I have from KUTCH desert to CHARAPUNJI
information in records.

Also I have samples of AIR quality trapped in air bubbles in side the ancient
IRON SMELTING FROTHS of hardpan time 4500 years before,  to compare with present
time air quality.

Word green Famine is used when there is a plenty of rain but if it cause a
scarcity of crops or food. Reasons may be floods, destroyed crops, less sunlight
due to high rain and clouds - crops fail or less productive or even washed away,
destroyed food grains as wet damp weather or rain water may decay those food
stores.

As in areas of floods in PAKISTAN INDUS region is happening there, that may
happen in GANGETIC plains as those area has less slopes in river drains in
Northern India. (less likely in Southern as is mountain area and river slope is
good in gradient to drain all water quickly)

Read these below data of KUTCH

There has been records of two cycles of weather in KUTCH. though a mini cycle of
3 years of good and bad rain is known as short term periods as we are aware of
in our regular life time.

But a major cycle of droughts an very Good Rain cycle are different e.g. 40
years of cycles of major droughts (e.g. 1, CHHAPANO Vikram sanvant 1956= 1900AD
and 2, 1940 KUTCH FAMINE  CHHANAVO Vikram sanvant 1996= 1940AD) affecting most
parts of western Monsoon system and also has Good Monsoon of 30 years cycle.
both of those weather cycles falls in 120 years world weather cycle studied
scientifically with rings in tree trunks. as good rain makes a ring wider
expanding growth and narrows in famines. (30x4 cycle=120 years=3x40 cycle)

CHHAPANO 1956 VS= 1900/01 famine has been recorded in major parts of the world
tree records. and if cycle is repeating after 120 years Major world dropout is
possible in next few years after next decade!

(1744  to 1823) 80 years = 2x40 years cycle) population dropped 65%

Year 1744  Population was about 10 00 000 People migrated to KUTCH BHUVAD, HALA,
VAGAD and ANJAR from Saurashtra and HALAR
1762 Wars in Kutch from SINDH (WAR of ZARA) many people died in ZARA (LAKHPAT -
KUTCH), SANDHAN and VINZAN (ABADASA - KUTCH)
Year 1819 MAJOR EARTHQUAKE of AlhaBANDH Many people died, Gone out of KUTCH ,
SINDHU RIVER farming stopped in KUTCH.

Year 1821 Population dropped 700 000 a 30% drop of Population because of ABOVE
circumstances.
Year 1823 Population dropped 350 000 a 50% drop of Population because of ABOVE
circumstances.

Year 1891 Population increased to  5 58 000
Year 1900 Population dropped  due to  FAMINE of CHHAPANO (Vikram sanvant 1956=
1900AD)
Year 1901 Population dropped  to  4 88 000 (12%) due to  FAMINE of CHHAPANO
(Vikram sanvant 1956= 1900AD)
(1821 to 1901 = 80 years = 2x40 years cycle)

OUR LIBRARY LISTINGS

***NEW:- We have RECENTLY addded UP 1300+ books on ARCHAEOLOGY of Kutch, INDIA
and whole World.



Now our Millions page Digital DATA libraries in Kutch Science Foundations & many
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Though we are based out of INDIA, we are happy to know the news of revive and
learn SANSKRUT (sanskrit is derived english version of word SANSKRUT)

We hold a full sanskrit library with learning methods , SABDA KOSH, (dictionary)
and all 18 PURANs and VEDs. and happy to share for this noble purpose.


14) SANSKRIT and grammar including full +1000 page Sanskrit dictionary,  Oxford
dictionaries, Vedic (PURANs NAAD VEDAs) Library including all 18 Purans and 4
Vedas including grammar and translations AND AN ANCIENT PERSIAN BOOKS


SEND me a email of your choice of Book with details of the subject and name of
book / publisher and author etc will check and let you know

You need to be a member  of one of science groups Below to get bebnefit free
library service and And SEND US email with your request of books name/ publisher
and author etc.

If that book is ready and size to fit in space of file section of science
groups, THE will be uploaded  to read your Book of choice to your group of
science where you are registered and requested a demand of book.

If book is not ready will be notifies when available and message will be sent to
group and all members of the group.

Each group has FILE SECTIONS - and you can read or download for your personal
reading purpose.

LARGE REFERENCE BOOKS can not be uploaded due to DATA size capacity can be
requested and available only ON LINE transfers and need to have a broadband
servises with suitable speed of data transfers

e.g. http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/files/
and http://groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchScience/files/

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
in.groups..yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj



***NEW:- We have RECENTLY addded UP 500+ Books on finanace business and trading
markets forex etc. 1300+ books on ARCHAEOLOGY of Kutch, INDIA and whole World.

Now our Millions page Digital DATA libraries in Kutch Science Foundations & many
more to come.
  1) Thousands +1800 of books on Computer and IT Science 500+ libraries = 2300+
books
2) Books on Mathematics Library including MATLABS, Astronomy 500+ books
including video library
3) Books On Astronomy and Space science, study course library, including SPACE
ENCYCLOPEDIA  Astronomy Video library of Science discoveries AsimovТs science
fiction library. Including video library.
4) Ancient Books of Astronomy, BRAHMAND PURAN, and spherical astronomy, elements
of space, Physics and maths Science which are not available now a day. And
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SPACE and including video library
4) Home science and Cooking Books with cooking recopies
6) Handicrafts and Stitching books
7) Physics Complete library. +500s of books including video library
8) Chemistry Complete library  +500s of Books
9) Biology Complete Library  +500s of Books
10) Human Anatomy Science and complete Medical Library for medical university
and research students. + 1500 BOOKS
11) Full medical science library, medical dictionary and Ayurvedic information
library INCLUDING BIOMEDICAL, GENETICS, + 1500 BOOKS
12) Actuarial science and statistical science and predictions BOOKS library
13) Robotic science and technology Books LIBRARY
14) SANSKRIT and grammar including full +1000 page Sanskrit dictionary,  Oxford
dictionaries, Vedic (PURANs NAAD VEDAs) Library including all 18 Purans and 4
Vedas including grammar and translations AND AN ANCIENT PERSIAN BOOKS
15) Archaeological library WITH ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ARCHEOLOGY , Forbidden
archaeology  including Civilisation and DHOLAVIRA video library, INCA, MAYA,
EGYPT, INDUS etc.   1300+ books on ARCHAEOLOGY of Kutch, INDIA and whole World
16) Geological Science Library including fossils and DINO fossils complete sets
of Photographic libraries INCLUDING Forbidden Geology, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GEOLOGY. 
including video library
17) History, Science Documentary and science Discoveries, GEO DISCOVERIES and
civilisations Digital and digital Video libraries. including video library
18) Reference Library of ancient civilisation and geological science of Kutch
AND ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GEOTECTONICS . including video library
19) Reference Library for Birds and Environment & Nature library of Kutch AND
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BIRDS, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NATURE , ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ANIMAL including
video library
20) Digital Audio Library including Vedic audio, AsimovТs Science Fictions audio
Library And many more to come.
21) Books On Botany  and science, and ENCYCLOPEDIA OF Science including video
library
22) Books On engineering science, electric engineering, civil , construction and
mechanical + 600 Books
23) full Encyclopedia of Britannica 2008
24) RECENTLY addded UP 500+ Books on finanace business and trading markets forex
etc



And many more to come SEND US email with your request of books name/ publisher
and author etc

Dr. BHUDIA Science Group Of INDIA
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.



Wed, 25/8/10, DHARMENDRA KUMAR RAI dkrai24@...  wrote:

From: DHARMENDRA KUMAR RAI dkrai24@...
Subject: Hi
To: drbhudia@...
Date: Wednesday, 25 August, 2010, 0:25



Thanks for replying sir. I was intented to do a story on this topic in Indian
context rather Indian subcontinent context. See the persistency of Green Famine
is in Ethiopia is since a long time but in Indian context we although seeing
news around corner that rain will salvage the kharif. How we can describe green
famine in Indian context. I will raise this issue among Agri Scientists. Do you
want to give any cue.


PTI New Delhi




[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of History, Maths, Science, Irrigation, Engineering, Archaeology
and Agriculture,

HARAPPA Mohejo daro has been underwater in floods of SINDHU before 4500 years
ago. see present satelite pictures of flooding as on 24August 2010

Present Indus flooding is due to miss management of the water flows of the river
and trying to tame the river waters. 4500 years ago Harappa and MohenjoDaro
civilisation used the correct way to keep the flow in most efficient way so as
to avoid flooding. They used canals to divert water to reservoirs and kept the
river water flow clear without obstruction. Presently we have obstructed natural
water flows of rivers and obstructed to make more flooding. If we see the
present situation in Indus and Gangatic plains we see the water flow have been
obstructed and that have cause the flooding in the areas of river banks.

In the Harappa region

HARAPPA, Mohejo daro has been underwater in floods of SINDHU before 4500 years
ago

Mohejo daro Ground level 56m from sea level and present near flood water of
river (River bank burst to 25 to 30 Kms  ad just close to the Cilisation, any
more flooding will cover the area)
Location:




Mohenjodaro
Latitude 27░19'N
Longitude 68░07'E




Harappa
Latitude 30.6222222░ (30░37'47" N)
Longitude 72.8638889░  (72░51'40" E)


HARAPPA Ground level 166m from sea level and presently most of the area is under
the rain water as swallen Indus river flow is obstructed and can not drain the
flood water around the ground.

Though this is only just a sample of rain cycle in 80 years time. Not as wild
monsoon to destroy the civilisation as it has happened in the past with
Mohenjodaro.


Weather pattern runs in cycles of floods/famine of 30-40 years and world weather
cycle of 120 years (accordingly based on the scientific tree ring study - wider
rings in tree in good rain and narrow in droughts time) - from the data in our
library. And based to that 120 years cycle is approaching in next decade. So we
have to be prepared during this decade and also that will be helpful to regulate
water in floods and droughts.

Present situation is not the perfect green Famine, there is a plenty of rain but
if it cause a scarcity of crops or food. Reasons may be floods, destroyed crops,
less sunlight due to high rain and clouds - crops fail or less productive or
even washed away, destroyed food grains as wet damp weather or rain water may
decay those food stores.

As in areas of floods in PAKISTAN INDUS region is happening there, that may
happen in GANGETIC plains as those area has less slopes in river drains in
Northern India. (Less likely in Southern as is mountain area and river slope is
good in gradient to drain all water quickly)

Recorded available data of KUTCH

Kutch civilisation like DHOLAVIRA, Kuran, Kanmer, BHADLI KOTADA etc has highly
developed Irrigation engineering architect. as with the canal water was diverted
to right places in reservoirs and in a perfect gradient all reservoirs filled
one by one by gravitation. Not only was that, at that time droughts were in the
cycle. Though we name those as Saraswati civilisation but in fact Saraswati
river bed was lifted higher and was dry river bed. Else they do not make such
water irrigation system to fulfil the demands in water scarcity. NOT ONLY that
Each reservior has a WELL in the Bottom of the reservior so as when the
reservior becomes empty water in the deep well in the bottom of the reservior
can be used (as we do in our village water lakes).

There has been records of two cycles of weather in KUTCH. though a mini cycle of
3 years of good and bad rain is known as short term periods as we are aware of
in our regular life time.

But a major cycle of droughts an very Good Rain cycle are different e.g. 40
years of cycles of major droughts (e.g. 1, CHHAPANO Vikram sanvant 1956= 1900AD
and 2, 1940 KUTCH FAMINE  CHHANAVO Vikram sanvant 1996= 1940AD) affecting most
parts of western Monsoon system and also has Good Monsoon of 30 years cycle.
both of those weather cycles falls in 120 years world weather cycle studied
scientifically with rings in tree trunks. as good rain makes a ring wider
expanding growth and narrows in famines. (30x4 cycle=120 years=3x40 cycle)

CHHAPANO 1956 VS= 1900/01 famine has been recorded in major parts of the world
tree records. and if cycle is repeating after 120 years Major world dropout is
possible in next few years after next decade!

(1744  to 1823) 80 years = 2x40 years cycle) population dropped 65%

Year 1744  Population was about 10 00 000 People migrated to KUTCH BHUVAD, HALA,
VAGAD and ANJAR from Saurashtra and HALAR
1762 Wars in Kutch from SINDH (WAR of ZARA) many people died in ZARA (LAKHPAT -
KUTCH), SANDHAN and VINZAN (ABADASA - KUTCH)
Year 1819 MAJOR EARTHQUAKE of AlhaBANDH Many people died, Gone out of KUTCH ,
SINDHU RIVER farming stopped in KUTCH.

Year 1821 Population dropped 700 000 a 30% drop of Population because of ABOVE
circumstances.
Year 1823 Population dropped 350 000 a 50% drop of Population because of ABOVE
circumstances.

Year 1891 Population increased to  5 58 000
Year 1900 Population dropped  due to  FAMINE of CHHAPANO (Vikram sanvant 1956=
1900AD)
Year 1901 Population dropped  to  4 88 000 (12%) due to  FAMINE of CHHAPANO
(Vikram sanvant 1956= 1900AD)
(1821 to 1901 = 80 years = 2x40 years cycle)


Dr. BHUDIA Science Group Of INDIA
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of Ved Purans, Sanskrit, Mytology, history, and science and Maths,

"WISH you a very happy JANMASTHAMI festival  to you all friends and family
memebers. And enjoy NANAD GHER ANAND BHAYO JAI KANAIYA LALAKI tonight".

Though all purans says Lord krishna was born on the MIDNIGHTof SHRAVAN VAD
ASTHAMI, when on the midnight? at 00:00 minute IST as we all celebrate in all
temples? NO NO NO

Wait a minute, IT WAS MIDNIGHT of MATHURA kingdom of KANSHA.  and not as
midnight of VARANASI IST time line. Has a difference of abourt 19 minutes.

According to details in Purans , Rohini Nakshtram, uditam LAGNAM,
Mathura  27░ 28' N  77░ 41' E
IST time zone 82░ 30' with difference of (82░ 30' - 77░ 41' =4░ 49'. So the time
difference of Mathura and IST=19m 16sec). Exact Birthplace location in the
Temple area is 27░ 30' N  77░ 40' E


See the astronomical sky map at the midnights tonight at 00:00 -



ON IST  00:00  In varanasi Moon rises to Horizone but not in MATHURA, so birth
time was not at IST MIDNIGHT. white MATHURA MIDNIGHT time  00:00  it rises to
above horizone showing the correct time of JANMA OF LORD SHRI SHRI KRISHANA.



People change verything , dates times Horoscopes everything BUT CAN NOT CHANGE
the STARS and Planets in the SKY. can not ask the Moon to rise early at IST 
00:00 time to celebrate janmasthami. WE have to realise the Fact and accept the
facts of SKY PLANETS and Stars there in the sky and not on the PAPERS.




Krishna was born in the Rohini nakshatra
Shri Mad Bhagvat Purane Dasma-skandhe tritiyo-Adhyaye (ATTACHED FOR YOU TO READ)


In Puran every thing has been explained that Moon was rising in horizone in
Rohini Nakshtra UDITAM LAGNAM.

SEE THE HOROSOPE. Though all planetary aspects are not said in PURAN but just
put there by an imaginary calculations ONLY and not in the PURANS.


Many  are in favour that though birth was celebrated in GOKUL on the ASTHAMI,
Khrishna was born in the Night so was SAPTAMI as Asthami starts after sunrise
ONLY.

THINKING are partially right as Asthami starts after sunrise but How can we say
NANAD BAVA realise birth after sunrise or they did not wake up before sunrise?
they were not SURYAVASHI, they waked up early in the morning before sunrise and
Birth of Krishna was realised "PARODE" befor sunrise and that was ASTHAMI. NANAD
BAVA might have celebrated on Navmi !!! or may be Second ASTHAMI ADHIK TIDHI
ASTHAMI !!!!



Vedic ancestry and relationship truth as we have in records from purans. (if any
errors found please notify to correct it on records)

Information about Moon for 02 Sep 2010 23:59:59
Local Information of MOON
Right ascension: 5h 32m 55.62s
Declination: +24░ 14' 46.8"
Constellation: Taurus
Altitude: -2░ 6' 36"
Azimuth: 61░ 9' 56"
Rise: 0h 6m 57s
Transit: 7h 18m 18s
Set: 14h 28m 19s
Star atlas chart numbers:
Herald-Bobroff Astroatlas, Chart C-35
Millennium Star Atlas, Charts 157-158 (Vol I)
Sky Atlas 2000.0, Chart 5
Uranometria 2000 Chart 135, Vol 1
Geocentric Information
Apparent geocentric coordinates for the epoch of date:
Right ascension: 5h 29m 18.238s
Declination: +24░ 44' 43.10"
True distance: 378764.7 Km
Horizontal parallax: 3473.52"

LORD KRISHNA HOME IN bet Dwarika

Bet Dwarka was the residence of Bhagwan Sri Krishna. This is the place where
Lord Krishna was staying. This is the same place where Sudama meet him and gave
"Bhet" (Gift) of "Tandul-POHA" (Rice). So it is call "Bhet-Dwarka" also.

Bet Dwarka Island, also known as Bet Shankhodhara, is situated in the Gulf of
Kutch. The island has a temple dedicated to Lord Krishna. Early historic
settlement remains have been located on the island which may be dated back to
3rd century BC on the basis of a potsherd inscribed with 'Nandakasa' in the
Mauryan Brahmi script.

INDIAN OCENOGRPHY HAS REVEALED THE MARINE UNDER WATER REMAINS OF OLD CITY OF
DWARILA WICH IS 3000BC.

Born in Dwapur Yug (Iron Age) ON JANMASTHAMI (SAVAN VAD ASTHAMI 3228 BC AT
MIDNIGHT OF MATHURA  - NOT MIDNIGHT OF PRSENT IST). MATHURA MIDNIGHT IS 18
MINUTES LATER THAN THATS OF IST SO TIME WAS 12:18 AM IST MIDNIGHT TIME ON
JANMASTHAMI  SAVAN VAD ASTHAMI.

According to some scholars, Krishna was born on Wednesday,the eighth day of
second fortnight in Sravana month in the year of Visvavasu around 3227 BC, also
known as Dwapur Yug. July 19th 3228 BC to be more accurate.

KRISHNA lived for 125 years and disappeared on February 18th 3102 BC on the new
moon night (bij- DWIJ) of Phalguna.  FALGUN SUD DWIJ , AT THE PLACE CALLED MOKSH
PIPALA ON THE RIVER BANK OF HIRAN RIVER, IN BHALKA TIRTH IN SOMNATH PATAN
VERAVAL.

From Shubhakrit Pushya Full Moon Day to Bahudhanya Pushya Full Moon Day, it was
36 years and adding 0-2-15 days, it was Pramadi Bright 1st Day, when Kailyug
started and Shri Krishna finished his Avatar. (B.C 3102-2-20 at 2-27-30 P.M)
61. Seven days later, on Bright 7th Day, Dwarka city was submerged by the Ocean.
Saptarishis were in Magha Star, 75 years prior to Kaliyug and remained there for
25 years after Kaliyug.



FROM YOURS Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/
http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/VEDicScienceMaths/
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience/
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of India
& kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of Vedics, Maths, Purans, HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY, SPACE, Science and
Astronomy, Written 2 centuries ago in Sanskrit and translated in English.

"Surya Sidhanta GUDH ARTH PRAKASHAKEN SAHITh" I CAN NOT RESIST TO SAY ABOUT, LET
ME PRAISE THOSE.

IN THE The Julian calendar adds an extra day to February in years evenly
divisible by four.
The Coptic calendar and Ethiopian calendar also add an extra day to the end of
the year once every four years before a Julian 29-day February.
This rule gives an average year length of 365.25 days. However, it is 11 minutes
longer than a real year. This means that the vernal equinox moves a day earlier
in the calendar every 131 years.

Which has not done since last 4 centuries. So there is an error of 4days since
last correction and as a result today is 4 Sept2010 is not correct but today is
8 Sept2010 and new year starts with an ERROR on 4 Jan each year instead of 1
Jan. And Hope/need to be corrected before summer Equinox of 2100.

We rely more on ENGLISH calendar system as we think that our calendar system was
not accurate as it was propagated by westerners to abolish our calendar system
and to impose theirs on us. Actually our calendar system was perfect and as we
do not read/understand SANSKRITS manuals and complex MATHAMATICS and ASTRONOMY
said in those books like "SURYA SANHITA - GUDH ARTH PRAKASHAKEN SAHITh".

Other original manuscript SANSKRIT Books includes

1) Rekha Ganita - geometric and trigonometric used for Geography and astronomy -
space trigonometry
2) "SURYA SANHITA - GUDH ARTH PRAKASHAKEN SAHITh".
3) ARYABHATIYA translation published  in1874- Including spherical astronomy
(actually written by ARYABHATTA 2 millennium ago)

I have attached some sample of pages from some of such books so who ever has any
doubt/ question or interests may read some part of it and if wish to read in
FULL DETAILS may approach us to access our reference  library section

1) Pages of GUDHARTH ASTRONOMICA from surya siddhant original sanskrit
pages1-5.pdf

  Saying about exact timings and speed of planetary aspects, including perfect
eclipse calculations.


Stephen HawkinsТs Universe Time Travel Star ship. EVERY THING HAS BEEN SAID
about Cosmic time travels in PURANS in coded mathematical calculations. you can
watch part of it on net, If you need to refer from Science Foundation Library, a
full detailed documentariesТ of detailed calculative books of Stephen Hawkins
for reference, do not hesitate to contact us.

http://dsc.discovery.com/videos/stephen-hawkings-universe-time-travel-starship.h\
tml

A) Here Much bigger ship need 6 years to get its maximum speed with full force
and at the stage of 1week it reached to gas giant planet Neptune.

B) Near 2 years of time of full Acceleration  it reaches to ╜ of the cosmic
speed out of the SOLAR SYATEM.here time slows down by nearly ╜ and 1hour on
board = 2 hour on Earth.

Speed = A X T  - Acceleration УAФX  and Time УTФ and Distance covered is 0.5 A x
T x T = ATT/2 (Acceleration УAФ  and Time УTФ)
After 2 years it acceleration make it to travel at 90 of Cosmic speed and reach
to our nearest star Alpha centuries at 30 Trillion miles.

Names and Catalog Numbers

Proper name:              Rigel Kentaurus
Bayer letter:                 a Centauri
Tycho catalog number:            TYC 9007-5849-1
Henry Draper number: HD 128620
DM number:                 CPD --60 05483

Further 2 years of acceleration it reaches to travel in time. After the 4 years
of launch time it reaches to 99.99% of cosmic speed. At the full speed 1 Day on
Board equals to 1 year on the EARTH time.

Stephen Hawkins used his experience and computer calculative procedures to
explain the time travel. And time Ratio given as 1 Cosmic year = 360 Earth year
taking all in account about Size and mass of the earth and gravitation of the
Earth. For that Time travel ratio comes of 360 Earth year to 1 year on board of
cosmic speed up.

Do not be surprised the same ratio has been explained in Cosmic times and earth
Human timings as in Purans Ц 1 Cosmic (DEVINE) year = 360 Human years on Earth.
And YUGAs and MAHA YUGAs calculations are based on those principles.






MAHAYUGA


DIVYA VARSHA *360



VARSH

WITH

SANDHI

VARSHA




SATYAYUGA =

4800



1728000

WITH

800

288000

AFTER MAHAYUGA


TRETAYUGA =

3600



1296000

WITH

600

216000

AFTER DWAPARYUGA


DWAPARYUGA=

2400



864000

WITH

400

144000

AFTER  TRETAYUGA


KALIYUGA =

1200



432000

WITH

200

72000

AFTER KALIYUGA


TOTAL=

12000



4320000

WITH

2000

720000


A) Heavier Objects drags more on time, greater the gravitation force slower the
time. Say pyramids have 40 Mn tons slows down a time a bit but at distance it is
every thing as normal. Similarly closer to the centre of Earth gravitation
increases and time slows down!

But does that really happen? Say if we compress and reduce the EarthТs diameter
(which is practically impossible) but theoretically say if we reduce the EarthТs
radius by 1/360 the gravitation pull will increase by 360x360=129600 and that
much gravitational pull will increase the escape velocity of rocket from
11.2Km/s to 1451520 km/s which is much higher and more than the light speed. So
nothing can escape from the Earth. So time stops there.
Our galaxy Milky way (Pauranic name is MANDAKINI VISHWA) has centre of Black
hole of 15 Mn mile diameter in size and so nothing comes out fron the inner side
of the singularity.

B) Apollo 11 travelled at speed of 25000Km /h but we need 2000 times faster ship
to travel at cosmic speed.
For a time travel we need a full force of acceleration and for that we need a
plenty of Fuel to get that speed and that fuel load make rockets heavier. So
such a huge rocket lifts up slowly but gradually picking up and reaching to its
maximum speed of light- Cosmic speed!

C) Similarly at the higher speed time slows down. Large Hadron Collider
particles are accelerated to its maximum speed to make it to travel at 99.99% of
cosmic speed http://www.lhc.ac.uk/

2) Pages of GUDHARTH TIME scale from surya siddhant original sanskrit pages
30-32.pdf ¤

Saying about exact major time scales and, including perfect calculations of sun
life span and universe.
I have attached a computerised calculative excel file Mahayuga. MAHAYUGA.XLS
derived from Bhagavat Purans information and file prepared a decade before in
1999 full solar eclipse time. But actually was that written thousands of years
ago in Original Sanskrit manuscripts. And westerners have translated those few
centuries ago to learn from those.

It also clarifies that SUN life span is 8.64Bn years and also present age is
halfway. And half to go. ONLY thing is divides in two sections each of 4.32Bn
years of Active and Non active stages. More of diagrammatic presentation is in
the file MAHAYUGA.XLS.

3) Pages of MERU geometry from surya sidhanta English translation pages
79-81.pdf ¤

Saying geometrics positions, equatorial, about exact locations longitude
latitudes of land and oceans at that time, Mt Meru on the Equator and 2 pole
stars at that time.

(We need to calculate when in the astronomical cycle we have 2 pole stars? As
pole stars are changing with axis rotation and change and stars are moving away
with the time. We can see the time when the Earth had 2 pole stars in the past)

We are said little bit in other Purans e.g. Bhagvat Puran etc. but as we do not
trust those said in there. but in fact it has all details in all such SANSKRIT
Manuscripts, which are converted to books about few centuries ago and Westerners
copied all those in formations and translated to learn the facts from those and
than imposed their new calendar on US saying that our calendar is not perfect.
(we do hold all those 2centuries OLD books of Original Sanskrit manuscripts as
well as those are translated 2centuries  ago)


REGARDS AND WISH YOU ALL THE BEST WISHES

Dr. BHUDIA Science Group Of INDIA
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh
in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear friends of History, Maths, Science, Irrigation, Engineering, Archaeology
and Agriculture,



Tonight's weather satellite readings show that, Kutch Saurashtra and Gujarat is
under very severe weather conditions. And will break the record of rain recorded
since last 50 years in KUTCH.



Last recorded highest rain was in 1959 after 3 years of the Anjar Earthquake of
1956. And it has been always a good monsoon rain after earthquake years. And so
since then there has been good rain since last 2001 earthquake.



The Earth energy stored as an underground energy and earthquake release those
stored energy SOS as stored during the period. Energy is stored in the form of
heat energy, and as released from underground the energy as big as megatons of
energy bomb. Makes the earths atmospheric changes and ionisation of upper
atmospheric layers. Released Energy is in the form heat also transforms in
negatively charged particles and so as to make changes in atmospheric layers.



Which may be the reasons why it follows good monsoon rains after coming years
and we feel as weather patterns are changing there after? But all those are in
cyclic patterns of weather, earthquakes and monsoon patterns.



I have to memorise my visit to ZADKO ZADKI River on the monsoon Evening/Night @
Sukhpur of BHUJ. I have those days of 1959 in my child hood memory and I could
not memorise which year was that with very good, rather dangerous Monsoon year?
But looking back to rain data it comes clear in my memory that it was 1959.



The rain was so severe, we have been waiting when we will be able to get out and
go to Farms/WADI on banks of river ZADKO ZADKI. At last we got some chance and
went there to feed animals in farms. Also we got chance to see the river Zadko
and River Zadki flooding out of the river banks. We were in the field (of MANJI
MAMA - SUTHARWARA) in between those two rivers of ZADKO on the West and ZADKI on
the East. His elder Son Bhimji (my distant cousin) took me to river bank of
ZADKI over flowing. Those day were SAWAN month in year 2015 (1959AD)



But that record of the highest recorded rain in KUTCH will break tonight if the
conditions remains like this as shown in recent satellite maps as this looks
like that it will persist for few more days till weekend.



Recent satellite maps are attached for west India, Gujarat, Saurashtra and
KUTCH.



FOLLOWING are RECORDED DATA from the department of Information (Mahiti Khatu)
BHUJ. also published in kutchmitra on 50 years celebration of kutchmitra.


1956 Population Dropped due to the ANJAR Earth Quake

1959 Population there after increased and VERY VERY GOOD RAIN recorded to 60" in
KUTCH

1979 Flooding in KUTCH and BANNI plains of Kutch, which was overshadowed by
Destruction of MACHU DAM of MORVI in Saurashtra.

1980 -1981 Population increased in Kutch, VERY GOOD RAIN recorded in KUTCH
              Andasa  Anjar  Bhachau  Bhuj   Lakhapat   Mandvi  Mundra Nakhatrana
Rapar  District Ave.
1980       550         541         401         509         330         614
838         460               263        * 501
1981       660         612         648         601         321         543
736         351                441       * 547
  average good rain is recorded in KUTCHas below
                 RAIN FALL Table of KUTCH : Taluka wise rainfall data (mm) of
Kutch district of Gujarat
Years    Talukas
                  Andasa  Anjar  Bhachau    Bhuj   Lakhapat   Mandvi  Mundra 
Nakhatrana    Rapar Gandhidham District Ave.
1994       633         988         1055       800         1262         1040
1195           1070                       714                * 973

From Dr.BHUDIA- Science Group Of INDIA.
   President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad"
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".


http://in.groups.yahoo.com/clubs/bhujkutch/
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience/
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh/
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj/
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of
India.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From: kutchsciencefoundation@...
To: sunitaraghu@...
Subject: RE: Ancient Purans and Ramayan
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2010 00:58:30 +0000






Dear RAghuNandan Saab

I have just looked in this article, and saved to my library for further readings
of Ramayan and Vindhyachal. and it's realy interesting observations. I have
compiled mathamatical calculations on different time scales and giving
satisfactory outcome. If Vidhyachal uplift has been defined during the Period of
Quaternary Pleistocene Calabrian (Lower) between 0.781Ц1.806 (Ma) RAMATIME falls
in geological time scale.

Mythological calculations

According to PURANas  let us check those with this

MahaYUGA is said timing of 4 320000 years means it has 24000 cycles of 180 years
=(24000 x 180)

KALIYUGA is said timing of 4 32000 years means it has 2400 cycles of 180 years 
=(2400 x 180)

A) Present Time of Kaliyuga has passed 5116 years means at least 28 cycles of
180 years has passed. =(28 x 180)

B) DWAPARYUGA is said timing of 8 64000 years means it has 4800 cycles of 180
years  =(4800 x 180)

C) Rama Rajya said to be of 10 000 years before DWAPARYUGA means at least 55
cycle of 180 years has passed during RAM RAJYA. =(55 x 180)



RAMA timings can be calculated as A) + B) + C) = DWAPARYUGA is said timing of 8
64000 years + Kaliyuga has passed 5116 + 10 000 Rama. = 8 79116 years is about
4883 cycles of 180 years (4800 cycles + 55 cycle + 28 cycles)



So we see those planetary events before 879116 years as it has happened some
where in series of 180X time line. eg 180 x 40 = 7200 years ago. But that is not
the fact but the cyclic series phenomenon of time.

Some believe that RAMA birth time was 7100 to7200 (180 x 40 cycles) years ago as
said in RAMAYANA and PURANs. It may be in multiples of those numbers in Series.



But when said that those information are in PURANs and in VALMIK RAMAYANA  one
can not ignore the Time scale of YUGA and MAHAYUGA said in PURANs and VEDAs.
as far Puran says Ramayan kal reach only up to less than 1Mn years Only and
Lanka may be the SAME SHRI LANKA (Has been explained in details in SURYA
SIDHANTA and decription of Mt Meru and LANKA dwip) as DANKA ARANYA and SABARI
asharam are in DANG south Gujarat, and also PANCHVATI near Godavari  RIVER in
NASIK, many talk about Ram visited Kutch but no proffs in RAMAYAN or any PURANS.
but just peoples talks. YES RAWAN did visit to KUTCH while return from KAILASH
from HIMALAYA in NORTH on way to LANKA but has to stop at KOTESHWAR as PURAN
SAYS and thats the only written proof of HISTORY of KOTESHWAR. wel described in
SHIVPURAN.

Geological time scale calculations





Subdivisions of the Quaternary Period

System
Series
Stage
Age (Ma)

Quaternary
Holocene
0Ц0.0117



Pleistocene
RAMATIME


Tarantian (Upper)
0.0117Ц0.126

Ionian (Middle)
0.126Ц0.781

Calabrian (Lower)
0.781Ц1.806

Gelasian (Lower)
1.806Ц2.588

Neogene
Pliocene
Piacenzian
older

In Europe and North America, the Holocene is subdivided into Preboreal, Boreal,
Atlantic, Subboreal, and Subatlantic stages of the Blytt-Sernander time scale.
There are many regional subdivisions for the Upper or Late Pleistocene, usually
these represent locally recognized cold (glacial) and warm (interglacial)
periods. The last glacial period ends with the cold Younger Dryas substage.
Yes we are moving just about 5cm (2") every year only and so Himalayan and NAPAL
are pressed that much. and since 250 Mn years we have moved so far from Africa.
and In next 250 Mn years we may be close to East africa again as that part
brocken from AFRICAN Great RIFT VELLY will move to us to join us. and it repeats
proces of new land formation and destruction of Earth ever 500 Mn years - so
hardly find any thing beyond 500 Mn years.

RAMATIME falls in geological time scale of Quaternary Pleistocene Calabrian
(Lower) between 0.781Ц1.806 (Ma)

MATLAB mathamatical  modelling calculative methods

Mythological PAST time 879116  to Maximaum of 2.5Mn we make a rounded figure to
900000 to 2.5 Mn years
Forming mathamatical series of different cycles of earths and weather patterns
as follows.

And All cycles A to D pass in 200 000 years so in 1Mn years time all cycles are
repeated every 200 000 years

Geographically

A) Earth Axis rotation change,  cycle of 25000 years (at least 36 cycles has
passed)

Earth axis
B) Earth Axis TILT change,  cycle of 40000 years (at least 22 cycles has passed)

ICE AGES on The EARTH
C) Earth ICE AGE,  cycle of 100 000 years  (at least 9 cycles has passed)

Though we feel warm in JUNE/JuLY (near aphelion time 4July), Its very good that
Earths APHELION comes in JULY so we are farthest from the SUN. we feel less heat
than that if we were close to the SUN.

But that will not remain the same for ever. As Earths exis tilt angle is also
changing and Earths axis also changes move to other direction in circle in about
25000 years. so when after after the 12500 yeras time the Earths Axis will be be
in opposit direction of the tilt, than thats is today. SO that will be winter in
northern hemeisphere in JULY time when EARTH's APHELION and much cooler winters
(SEASONS WILL CHANGE WINTERS IN JUNE/JULY after 12500 years). BUT summer will be
falling with the PERIHELION TIME in JANUARY (SEASONS WILL CHANGE SUMMER IN
DEC/JANUARY after 12500 years) time and VERY HARSH summer in NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
with PERIHELION TIME

2 Scanned pages

(Modern Astronomy is based only on the present Earth axis tilt and not based on
the EARTH axis tilt and dirctions at that time. WHAT angle of Earth was tilted
at that time ? WHAT was EARTH AU distance at that time what direction EAARTH
tilt was? MAY BE at any point of circle of  STAR polaris - as STAR POLARIS
changes from time to time as EARTH axis change the directions - see in DEATAILS 
of pages attached) evry thing changes with time!!

D) Earth ORBITAL change,  cycle of 100 000 years (at least 9 cycles has passed)



'All planets in our solar system travel around the Sun in elliptical orbits.
It's Kepler's 1st Law,' explains University of Florida astronomy professor
George Lebo. 'The eccentricity of Earth's orbit is 1.7%. In January when we're
closest to the Sun (perihelion), the distance is 147.5 million km. In July we're
152.6 million km away--a five million kilometer difference.'A distant sun means
less sunlight for our planet. 'Averaged over the globe, sunlight falling on
Earth at aphelion is about 7% less intense than it is at perihelion,' says Roy
Spencer of NASA's Global Hydrology and Climate Center (GHCC).

All this explains why July is our planet's warmest month: Northern continents
baked by the aphelion Sun elevate the average temperature of the entire globe.
January, on the other hand, is the coolest month because that's when our planet
presents its water-dominated hemisphere to the Sun. 'We're closer to the Sun in
January,' says Spencer, 'but the extra sunlight gets spread throughout the
oceans.' Southern summer in January (perihelion) is therefore cooler than
northern summer in July (aphelion).

Right: Earth's orbit is eccentric but not nearly so much as the orbits of Mars
or Mercury. In this diagram solid lines trace each planet's elliptical path
around the Sun. The dotted lines show circular orbits with the same mean radius.
For more information, please visit Bridgewater College's Interactive Planetary
Orbits web site.
'Another notable difference between summers in the two hemispheres is their
duration,' adds Lebo. According to Kepler's 2nd Law, planets move more slowly at
aphelion than they do at perihelion. As a result, Northern summer on Earth is 2
to 3 days longer than southern summer -- which gives the Sun even more time to
bake the northern continents


  Earth Ice ages cycle of 100 000 years (at least 9 cycles has passed) also Match
with timings of orbital cycle of Earth


From: sunitaraghu@...
To: kutchsciencefoundation@...
Subject: Ancient Purans and Ramayan
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2010 17:03:49 +0530





Respected Dr Bhudia,

I could scan the paper you wanted and I am attaching the same for your perusal.
So there is no need to mail the reprint copy to you.

I am happy to learn that you have found the whole lot of original slokas of
Ramayan. Are they all composed by Valmiki?

With regards,

K.R.Raghu Nandan

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear Raghu Nandan saab,



Thank you very much for your appreciations and encouragements. Working together
always gives support to each other and with fruitful results with best outcome.



Than you again

Yours Dr Bhudia





From: sunitaraghu@...
To: kutchsciencefoundation@...
Subject: Re: Ancient Purans and Ramayan
Date: Fri, 10 Sep 2010 20:14:14 +0530






Respected Dr Bhudia,

I admire and appreciate your capacity to quickly understand and absorb the
information provided to you. I am nowhere near your style!

Thanks for the analysis regarding different time scales based on mathematical
calculations -especially the Ramayana time and fitting it in the geological time
scale. I need some to go through  and understand your interpretation , and come
with queries to seek clarification.

With regards,

K.R.Raghu Nandan

From: Dr Bhudia Kutch Science Foundation
To: sunitaraghu@...
Sent: Friday, September 10, 2010 6:28 AM
Subject: RE: Ancient Purans and Ramayan


Dear RAghuNandan Saab

I have just looked in this article, and saved to my library for further readings
of Ramayan and Vindhyachal. and it's really interesting observations. I have
compiled mathematical calculations on different time scales and giving
satisfactory outcome. If Vidhyachal uplift has been defined during the Period of
Quaternary Pleistocene Calabrian (Lower) between 0.781Ц1.806 (Ma) RAMATIME falls
in geological time scale.

Mythological calculations

According to PURANas  let us check those with this

MahaYUGA is said timing of 4 320000 years means it has 24000 cycles of 180 years
=(24000 x 180)

KALIYUGA is said timing of 4 32000 years means it has 2400 cycles of 180 years 
=(2400 x 180)

A) Present Time of Kaliyuga has passed 5116 years means at least 28 cycles of
180 years has passed. =(28 x 180)

B) DWAPARYUGA is said timing of 8 64000 years means it has 4800 cycles of 180
years  =(4800 x 180)

C) Rama Rajya said to be of 10 000 years before DWAPARYUGA means at least 55
cycle of 180 years has passed during RAM RAJYA. =(55 x 180)



RAMA timings can be calculated as A) + B) + C) = DWAPARYUGA is said timing of 8
64000 years + Kaliyuga has passed 5116 + 10 000 Rama. = 8 79116 years is about
4883 cycles of 180 years (4800 cycles + 55 cycle + 28 cycles)



So we see those planetary events before 879116 years as it has happened some
where in series of 180X time line. eg 180 x 40 = 7200 years ago. But that is not
the fact but the cyclic series phenomenon of time.

Some believe that RAMA birth time was 7100 to7200 (180 x 40 cycles) years ago as
said in RAMAYANA and PURANs. It may be in multiples of those numbers in Series.



But when said that those information are in PURANs and in VALMIK RAMAYANA  one
can not ignore the Time scale of YUGA and MAHAYUGA said in PURANs and VEDAs.

as far Puran says Ramayan kal reach only up to less than 1Mn years Only and
Lanka may be the SAME SHRI LANKA (Has been explained in details in SURYA
SIDHANTA and decription of Mt Meru and LANKA dwip) as DANKA ARANYA and SABARI
asharam are in DANG south Gujarat, and also PANCHVATI near Godavari  RIVER in
NASIK, many talk about Ram visited Kutch but no proffs in RAMAYAN or any PURANS.
but just peoples talks. YES RAWAN did visit to KUTCH while return from KAILASH
from HIMALAYA in NORTH on way to LANKA but has to stop at KOTESHWAR as PURAN
SAYS and thats the only written proof of HISTORY of KOTESHWAR. wel described in
SHIVPURAN.

Geological time scale calculations






Subdivisions of the Quaternary Period

System
Series
Stage
Age (Ma)

Quaternary
Holocene
0Ц0.0117



Pleistocene
RAMATIME


Tarantian (Upper)
0.0117Ц0.126

Ionian (Middle)
0.126Ц0.781

Calabrian (Lower)
0.781Ц1.806

Gelasian (Lower)
1.806Ц2.588

Neogene
Pliocene
Piacenzian
older

In Europe and North America, the Holocene is subdivided into Preboreal, Boreal,
Atlantic, Subboreal, and Subatlantic stages of the Blytt-Sernander time scale.
There are many regional subdivisions for the Upper or Late Pleistocene, usually
these represent locally recognized cold (glacial) and warm (interglacial)
periods. The last glacial period ends with the cold Younger Dryas substage.

Yes we are moving just about 5cm (2") every year only and so Himalayan and NAPAL
are pressed that much. and since 250 Mn years we have moved so far from Africa.
and In next 250 Mn years we may be close to East africa again as that part
brocken from AFRICAN Great RIFT VELLY will move to us to join us. and it repeats
proces of new land formation and destruction of Earth ever 500 Mn years - so
hardly find any thing beyond 500 Mn years.

RAMATIME falls in geological time scale of Quaternary Pleistocene Calabrian
(Lower) between 0.781Ц1.806 (Ma)

MATLAB mathamatical  modelling calculative methods

Mythological PAST time 879116  to Maximaum of 2.5Mn we make a rounded figure to
900000 to 2.5 Mn years
Forming mathamatical series of different cycles of earths and weather patterns
as follows.

And All cycles A to D pass in 200 000 years so in 1Mn years time all cycles are
repeated every 200 000 years

Geographically

A) Earth Axis rotation change,  cycle of 25000 years (at least 36 cycles has
passed)

Earth axis
B) Earth Axis TILT change,  cycle of 40000 years (at least 22 cycles has passed)

ICE AGES on The EARTH
C) Earth ICE AGE,  cycle of 100 000 years  (at least 9 cycles has passed)

Though we feel warm in JUNE/JuLY (near aphelion time 4July), Its very good that
Earths APHELION comes in JULY so we are farthest from the SUN. we feel less heat
than that if we were close to the SUN.

But that will not remain the same for ever. As Earths exis tilt angle is also
changing and Earths axis also changes move to other direction in circle in about
25000 years. so when after after the 12500 yeras time the Earths Axis will be be
in opposit direction of the tilt, than thats is today. SO that will be winter in
northern hemeisphere in JULY time when EARTH's APHELION and much cooler winters
(SEASONS WILL CHANGE WINTERS IN JUNE/JULY after 12500 years). BUT summer will be
falling with the PERIHELION TIME in JANUARY (SEASONS WILL CHANGE SUMMER IN
DEC/JANUARY after 12500 years) time and VERY HARSH summer in NORTHERN HEMISPHERE
with PERIHELION TIME

2 Scanned pages of iceage and relation to cycle of the Earth axis change (one
can request those pages if required)

(Modern Astronomy is based only on the present Earth axis tilt and not based on
the EARTH axis tilt and dirctions at that time. WHAT angle of Earth was tilted
at that time ? WHAT was EARTH AU distance at that time what direction EAARTH
tilt was? MAY BE at any point of circle of  STAR polaris - as STAR POLARIS
changes from time to time as EARTH axis change the directions - see in DEATAILS 
of pages attached) evry thing changes with time!!

D) Earth ORBITAL change,  cycle of 100 000 years (at least 9 cycles has passed)



'All planets in our solar system travel around the Sun in elliptical orbits.
It's Kepler's 1st Law,' explains University of Florida astronomy professor
George Lebo. 'The eccentricity of Earth's orbit is 1.7%. In January when we're
closest to the Sun (perihelion), the distance is 147.5 million km. In July we're
152.6 million km away--a five million kilometer difference.'
A distant sun means less sunlight for our planet. 'Averaged over the globe,
sunlight falling on Earth at aphelion is about 7% less intense than it is at
perihelion,' says Roy Spencer of NASA's Global Hydrology and Climate Center
(GHCC).

All this explains why July is our planet's warmest month: Northern continents
baked by the aphelion Sun elevate the average temperature of the entire globe.
January, on the other hand, is the coolest month because that's when our planet
presents its water-dominated hemisphere to the Sun. 'We're closer to the Sun in
January,' says Spencer, 'but the extra sunlight gets spread throughout the
oceans.' Southern summer in January (perihelion) is therefore cooler than
northern summer in July (aphelion).

Right: Earth's orbit is eccentric but not nearly so much as the orbits of Mars
or Mercury. In this diagram solid lines trace each planet's elliptical path
around the Sun. The dotted lines show circular orbits with the same mean radius.
For more information, please visit Bridgewater College's Interactive Planetary
Orbits web site.
'Another notable difference between summers in the two hemispheres is their
duration,' adds Lebo. According to Kepler's 2nd Law, planets move more slowly at
aphelion than they do at perihelion. As a result, Northern summer on Earth is 2
to 3 days longer than southern summer -- which gives the Sun even more time to
bake the northern continents


  Earth Ice ages cycle of 100 000 years (at least 9 cycles has passed) also Match
with timings of orbital cycle of Earth


From: sunitaraghu@...
To: kutchsciencefoundation@...
Subject: Ancient Purans and Ramayan
Date: Thu, 9 Sep 2010 17:03:49 +0530






Respected Dr Bhudia,

I could scan the paper you wanted and I am attaching the same for your perusal.
So there is no need to mail the reprint copy to you.

I am happy to learn that you have found the whole lot of original slokas of
Ramayan. Are they all composed by Valmiki?

With regards,

K.R.Raghu Nandan




[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From: kutchsciencefoundation@...

Sub:- What is in there in the Vishnu Schist mountain of Grand canyon of COLORADO
river

Most visitors to the Grand Canyon and Colorado river just visit the place as
tourist to enjoy the beauty of the river valley. But geologist need to go to the
bottom of the valley of the river Colorado grand canyon. One Need to go to
Bottom of the grand canyon rafting the river Colorado. so the can really
visualise the all layers of the Grand canyon and most interesting is it's base
layer caaled Vishnu Schist MOUNTAIN LAYER.

Why it is Called VISHNU Schist mountain layer? name is given by original tribes
of the Red Indians, original GENETICALLY decedents of Asian origin. though they
went there about 20,000 years ago by land when north Atlantic was frozen. They
believe this place of their worshiping god.

The VISHNU Mountain is geologically about 1.7 to 1.8 Bn years (Marine BACTERIAL
STROMATOLITES developed before this time 1.99 Bn years in the SEA when land was
the under water dating back to this time 1.99Bn years) old and was 9km height
even higher than everest. same as PURANs suggest the timing of the "LAND MASS
COME OUT OF THE SEA during VARAH AVATAR" first incarnation was MATSHYA - Fish in
the SEA (geologically and methologically according the calculation in PURAN as
well, the oldest vertebrate on the Earth) and then was the VARAH Incarnation of
The LORD VISHNU which hooked out the LAND MASS from the sea by TOOTH tusk.

Most visitors think that is as just a mythological but why they use this
mythology and for whom? As wi think they did not have any knowledge og geology
and vedic science. But thats not a fact. they also use word KUTCH and the area
of COLORADO is also named as KUTCH COLORADO. and KUTCH means mother land in
their language

More about Kutch COLORADO
http://colorado.hometownlocator.com/co/elbert/kutch.cfm
http://www.mapquest.com/maps?city=Kutch&state=CO

Now lets check with calculative PURAN Calender to compare the geology. though
will be difficult to calculate without good maths. and see  why the time
represents the same as puran says when the Earth has come out of the sea by
scientific volcanic eruption from the bottom of the sea bed. there was no land
mass before and first land mass was that of Pangia - Gondwana. and the oldest ,
deepest layers of land are of that time are ignicious rocks.
















SHRUSTI START(ARAMBHA) TIME



47400
360
1.71E+07

17064000

TIL PRESENT SATYAYUGA





1.95E+09

1953720000

PASSED TRETAYUGA





1296000

1296000

PASSED DWAPARYUGA





864000

864000

PRESENT KALIYUGA PASSED YEARS 5116





5116

5110











AT AD 2009 FROM KALP START(ARAMBHA)TIME





1.99E+09

1990013110


Though it was a mountain but now is at the bottom layer of all sediment layers
of the valley! How that might have happened? a documentary will be help full to
understand this process of millions of years in just 1hour. The recorded
Documentary is in reference library of the Geological section 16 of the KUTCH
SCIENCE foundation LIBRARY.




15) Archaeological library WITH ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ARCHEOLOGY , Forbidden
archaeology  including Civilisation and DHOLAVIRA video library, INCA, MAYA,
EGYPT, INDUS etc.
16) Geological Science Library including fossils and DINO fossils complete sets
of Photographic libraries INCLUDING Forbidden Geology, ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GEOLOGY. 
including video library

The major geologic exposures in the Grand Canyon range in age from the 2 billion
year old Vishnu Schist at the bottom of the Inner Gorge to the 230 million year
old Kaibab Limestone on the Rim. Interestingly, there is a gap of about one
billion years between the stratum that is about 500 million years old and the
lower level, which is about 1.5 billion years old. That indicates a period of
erosion between two periods of deposition.




Grand Canyon's three sets of rocks, showing lithology, age and thickness of
individual units. For more information on the geology of each of the formations
exposed in Grand Canyon see these USGS sites: Grand Canyon and Colorado Plateau

By yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000/
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience/
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh/
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From: kutchsciencefoundation@...
To: sirdkdr@...;  akkulshrestha100@...

Subject: RE: Geology of Bela Island
Date: Thu, 16 Sep 2010 12:52:45 +0000








Dear Dr. D. K.
Srivastava, A. K. Kulshrestha saab,



Glad to get your emails regarding your
research work in Kutch and BELA. Have heard
about you and your research works and interests in Kutch
geology, though we never meet personally, like to keep in touch to each other
and support for research in the fields of research of the science. attached
Materials of ECHINODERMS files.JPG  has list of some of the information files.
have a LOOK if any is suitable for your work

  As we have few reports in our library from your writeup.
1) e-Journal Earth Science India Vol.2 (I), January, 2009, pp. 46-
51http://www.earthscienceindia.info/; ISSN: 0974 - 8350Taxonomic Placement of a
Holectypoid Echinoid GenusSrivastava and Singh, 2001D. K. SrivastavaCentre of
advanced study in Geology, University of Lucknow,
2) e-Journal Earth ScienceIindia, Vol. I (II), pp.
66-71http://www.earthscienceindia.info/Brissid echinoid Eupatagus L. Agassiz,
1847 fromThe Khuiala Formation, Jaisalmer district,Rajasthan, IndiaD. K.
Srivastava1 and Hukam Singh21Centre of Advanced Study in Geology, University of
Lucknow, Lucknow тАУ 226 007,India2 Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany,
Lucknow тАУ 226 007, India




Though, I never got a chance to visit you and
your departments.  I wish to communicate
with all science researchers and for a network of science research, which is
well required and good for our science research activity in India.



I have visited area of BELA and KHADIR of VAGAD - KACHCHH in 2001, 2004 and last
visited in 2007 and Dr Srigarpure a retired
palaeontologist from Baroda
  University who joined with
me.  And since that I have shifted
abroad, and so very less field working activity is going on there. I am exited
to know about your research work and thinking of some one of you are planning
to field visit the area of BELA and Kutch for
a field work research. So I thought that if some one from Local field worker
will be able to join you there as I am not visiting Kutch
This year as most of the area is water flooded at present.



S.R. Nayak  and D.M. Shringarpure Evidence from exotic gibbsitised fossils of
syn-sedimentary
deposition near Naredi, western India






This article is not
included in your organization's subscription. However, you may be able to access
this article under your organization's
agreement with Elsevier.



Department of Geology, M.S. University of Baroda, Baroda 390 002 India

Received 25 August
1978;   revised 16 September
1980;   accepted 16 September
1980.   Available online 9 April
2003.

Abstract

The paper deals with
some fragmentary organic remains that were found associated with the bauxite
deposits of Naredi in the region of Kutch, Western India.
These remains are in the form of hard, minute gibbsitised tubes that bear close
resemblance to rolled and transported echinoderm spines. SEM studies confirm
the transformation of the original skeletal calcite matrix to gibbsite. This
transformation, according to the authors, indicates a synsedimentary
depositional environment when the bauxite was being formed.



I wish you contact to the Palaeontologist, GM
PATEL, head of department of Geology R R LALAN COLLEGE of BHUJ for further
information on the recent
materials on echinoids of KUTCH.
Though he is not familiar with RAMVAAV echinoids fossils in VAGAD (BELA AND
RAPAR area)



Though enormous numbers of Echinoderm fossil
are present in KUTCH and VAGAD area near BELA
NE Kutch. (Place of Village RAM VAAV near RAPAR, Just South of Bela, on the
road to BELA before reaching to BELA) Links are given below with Pictures on
site.



I have recommended owner of KHAROI Museum
to provide a concrete road in the area of streets where fossils are in
abundance to village Ramvaav and store those street fossils in the Display
in their museum of village KHAROI near by village Ramvaav. But he has not
solidified of any finance to improve the road to the village as every one
looking for FREE, But that worth hundreds of thousands of fossils ain that
area, Including echinoids.


(I have library records of those pictures and also video clipped
the area) file attached RAMVAV 23.32 N 70.28 E Fossils.doc Attached file Geology
Of BELA.pdf about The Jurassic ostracode fauna of Bela Island, Rann of Kachchh,
Gujarat







1.
RAMVAAV
Fossil site @ the middle of Ramvav village - Google Earth ...

#626553 -
10/16/06 05:07 AM RAMVAAV Fossil site @ the middle of Ramvav village ...
RAMVAAV Fossil site in the middle of Ramvaav village. Attachments ...

bbs.keyhole.com/ubb/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number... - Cached

http://bbs.keyhole.com/ubb/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=626553



2.
RAMVAAV
VILLAGE FOSSIL AREA

RAMVAAV VILLAGE
  FOSSIL AREA
  RAMVAAV VILLAGE FOSSIL AREA Here fossils of JURASSIC time
fish are in thousands of numbers under your feet. whole village is ...

wikimapia.org/11206179/RAMVAAV-VILLAGE-FOSSIL-AREA - Cached



http://wikimapia.org/#lat=23.54475&lon=70.4732716&z=17&l=0&m=b




http://wikimapia.org/#lat=23.54475&lon=70.4732716&z=17&l=0&m=b&show=/11206179/RA\
MVAAV-VILLAGE-FOSSIL-AREA



I remember the days after 2001 earthquake,
every one laughed at me when a talked about Giant crocodilian fossils in KUTCH
to our Geologist in the department of geology, geologist of LALAN COLLEGE of
BHUJ and geology mining department of engineering college of Bhuj. The reason
was they were unaware of such new findings.



So ultimately I invited press and TV news Media
to cover our research expedition. And started to communicate with Crocodilian
division of University of Florida, Natural History museum
of Florida and also with crocodile
division of Australia.
Though they could not form a concrete filed trip to make a filed work but any
how later geologist from RURKI with anatomist from USA did the job after couple
of
years to find a fossilised head of 1meter size of crocodilian and kept in The
BHARATIYA SANSKRITI DARSHAN Museum of BHUJ. But still very few has taken visit
this place and Specimen though all details are on the net.



1.
Panoramio - Photo
of Crocodilion fossil in The BHARATIYA SANSKRITI ...

14 Oct 2007 ...
Crocodilion fossil in The BHARATIYA
  SANSKRITI DARShan
  MUSEUM of BHUJ
... Museum. after that it has been just declared that the Crocodile
...



http://www.panoramio.com/photo/5307973
http://www.panoramio.com/photo/5308092

More @ http://www.panoramio.com/user/1004720?with_photo_id=5308092






2.
Bharatiya
Sankriti Darsan Museum Bhuj ркнрлБркЬ

Thanks to all to
scientific research work - "BHARATIYA SANSKRITI DARSAN" AT BHUJ
- KUTCH. We have found parts of destroyed
fossil of crocodilians in April ...



http://wikimapia.org/884307/Bharatiya-Sankriti-Darsan-Museum




I
forward some of Pictures of those samples in that area. And some information of
Details of our library records. If any material is suitable to you just give me
a shout, I will forward that appropriate files you require. As else email
attachments will be to much and beyond the email attachment limits. Though I
will be able to send you frequent emails SOS as required by you.



BEST REGARDS
From Dr. BHUDIA, and

KUTCH SCIENCE FOUNDATION

President:'Kutch Science
Foundation'.

Founder :Wild Life Of KUTCH - Bhuj - Kutch'.

Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India.



Dear Dr. Bhudia,



Thank you very much for your quick response. Dr.
D.K. Srivastava, DST Scientist in our department, is working on some trace
fossils, collected from Bela long back. As we are not aware of any new
literature on the geology of the area, we approached you. I know that your
group is very active and might have worked out/ published new literature.



I have forwarded your mail to Dr. D.K. Srivastava,
who might have approached you in this regard.



Thanking you once again,



yours sincerely,



A.K. Kulshrestha

From: kutchsciencefoundation@...

To: akkulshrestha100@...

Subject: RE: Geology of the Bela Island

Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2010 10:49:23 +0000

   Dear Dr Kulshrestha,



Please forward me details of the subject of
the planned research work in BELA of KUTCH so I can manage to collect
appropriate material and literature regarding the subject of BELA with its
Topography. Hope you have TOPOMAPs of the area of planned research work. also
please forward your schedule so some one might be able to join you there from
area of BELA / Khadir of KUTCH.





From: akkulshrestha100@...

To: kutchsciencefoundation@...


Subject: Geology of the Bela Island

Date: Wed, 15 Sep 2010 10:40:26 +0000



Dear Dr. Bhudia,



I understand that you might be aware of the geology of the Bela Island. I shall
be thankful if you could kindly send me some literature/or reference on
the subject cited above at the earliest. It is required for a research work.



With best wishes,



A. K. Kulshrestha



Date:
Thu, 16 Sep 2010 12:11:57 +0530

Subject: Geology of Bela Island

From: sirdkdr@...

To: kutchsciencefoundation@...


CC: akkulshrestha100@...




Dear Dr. Bhudia,



First,
let me introduce myself. I, Dr. D. K. Srivastava,
a retired scientist from the Geological Survey of India, Lucknow have been
working on Indian echinoids
for the last four decades. Beside the echinoids, I have also worked on
other invertebrate fossils. At present I am revising the fossil
echinoid taxa of the Indian subcontinent at Geology Department, Lucknow
University,
Lucknow under a
DST Project.



I did my doctorate on Tertiary echinoids
(a Class of Phyllum Echindermata) from Kachchh long back and have more than 70
research papers on various invertebrate fossils including about 40 on fossil
echinoids.



During the course of field work in Bela area,
few specimens of trace fossils have been collected. we have approached you
to know if you have any latest literature on Geology of Bela Island ?



FEEL FREE TO CONTACT ME ANY ASSISTANCE FROM
MY SIDE ON FOSSIL ECHINOIDS and YOU MAY SEND ME FOSSIL ECHINOIDS FOR STUDIES,
IF YOU HAVE IN YOUR COLLECTION.



I may send you reprints of my papers on
echinoids, if you desire so.



With best wishes,



Dinesh

Department of Geology,

Centre of Advanced Study, University
of Lucknow,

Lucknow - 226 007 (India)

Phone: (0522)2740015(O); Mobile:
9336837545


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Some thing About to read
http://www.asianart.com/articles/pavilion/index.html   Mysterious Pavilion:
Document in stone of astronomical
eventshttp://www.asianart.com/articles/pavilion2/index.html Mysterious Pavilion
2, The wonder continues









[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Dear Science, Maths, History and astronomy Friends,




Wish you all a very happy  EQUINOX day 23nd September 2010 to you all friends
and family members.


UTC date and
time of solstices and equinoxes[1]

year
Equinox
Mar
Solstice
June
Equinox
Sept
Solstice
Dec

day
time
day
time
day
time
day
time





















2010
20
17:32
21
11:28
23
03:09
21
23:38
EQUINOX day longitude latitude measurement methods by Angle meaurement of the
sun - 23 Sept 2010
LONG LATI @RAMKUND




From: kutchsciencefoundation@...
Subject: Correction: EQUINOX day and good luck for astronomy meet. and the
measurement methods of Angle of sun and LONGITUDE  LATITUDE @RAMKUND of BHUJ.


Wish you all a very happy EQUINOX day 23nd September 2010 On the Equinox day and
all measurement activity is done in the equinox day time at RAMKUND of BHUJ.
As
Ramkund is perfectly constructed according to the Sun dial principles.
E-W N-S. and all constructions are perfect rectagular and
perpendicular. for measurement one do not need to manage any such
directions and leveling But only Shadow measurenets ONLY for sun
dialing.
as we do in JANTAR MANTAR of Delhi or JAIPUR. And that
also will give the idea when tropic of cancer was passing there at
RAMKUND at that time many centuries ago. (23 14 51 N).

Example
of Latitudes longitude finding at the Local time. Ц for tropical of
cancer @ Local time you need to find the correct time when sun is on
with no shadows East or West.
and need to be there at LOCAL time of 12:00 NOON which may be 12 + MM depending
on the place where you go Ц Longitudes. for Bhuj 12:52 PM


http://groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubindia/files/MeasureEarth.doc

http://f1.grp.yahoofs.com/v1/AMoxQMYX-9fiVHuxQHOo41ARbHhUCCePM4vTyesgNwoaLECS-Pj\
S97i5cgQxpGVZJxToBmG788WFGK948sho/MeasureEarth.doc

Hints:
as Calculation of Latitude Longitude of the Place on Earth (eg RAMKUND)
we need to measure the angle of Sun. As on the Equinox day The sun is
on the the Equater, we need to go to the place on befor 12PM IST.
At
12 PM IST see the Northern steps Shadow showing towards the West will
be seen. on the day. wait for the local time 12:00 NOON which will be
at 12:52 PM IST.
Measuring the Angle of the SUN :


Similar Example of Latitudes longitude finding at the Local time. Ц for tropical
of cancer @ Local time you need to find the correct time when no shadows East or
West.
and need to be there at LOCAL time of 12:00 NOON which may be 12 + MM depending
on the place where you go Ц Longitudes.


As
at 12 PM IST shadow on the RAMKUND will be towords the west of NORTHERN
STEPS of the RAMKUND.  See when The shadow becomes perpedicular as line
drawn in steps diagrams, Shadow will be perfectly downwards in the plum
line.




If Above picturenot seen here ara attached with the email 1) Angle
Measurement@...  2) RAMKUND STEPS Shadow.jpg
Now you
find exact time when to there is shadow in exactly perpendicular line.
That say time is 12:52 than time difference is 52 minutes which is
52/4=13 dehrees means BHUJ is at 82.5-13=69.5 East.  LONGITUDE MEASUREMENT.
At
this time you need to measure the lenth of the shadow at south steps as
shown in other diadram.  and measuer the angle of the sun . which
is equal to the Latitude of the place as the sun is on Equater. LATITUDE
MEASUREMENT.
as
ramkund is constructed perfectly E W NS ans in perfect square and
perpendicular as reverse of PYRAMIS in the ground and exactly according
to rules Like pyramids accuracy.

Lenth
of Shadow/height will give Tangent of the angle . tanke an anti tangent
of the figure you get by Shadow/height . thats the angle of the tilt of
sun. Thats the Latitude of the place RAMKUND.
As you are @ RAMKUND check how accurate is your experiment with figures of 
RAMKUND (23 14 51 N).



World geometric dimension Table: created





EarthТs Equatorial Diameter

Equatorial Circumference 2D

EarthТs Inter Polar Diameter

Inter Polar Circumference 2D


12756 Km (E to W)

40053 KM (E to W)

12714 K m (N to S)

39900 KM (N to S)


(E to W 23:30 N/S)

(Using Tangent 23:30=0.917)






360 degree @  23.5 Degree

36730km@Tropic of Cancer

360 deg Round the Earth

39900 KM Inter Polar


1 Degree = 60 С Mins /360

=102 km = 64 Miles

1 Degree = 60 С Mins /360

=110 km = 70 Miles


1Т Min = 60 У Secs    /60

=1.7 KM =1.067 Miles

1Т Min = 60 У Secs    /60

=1.84 KM =1.16 Miles




=1700 M = 5632 Feet



=1840 M = 6124 Feet


1ФSec         /60

28.3 M  =94 Feet

1ФSec         /60

30.8 M  =102 Feet


= 37 adult steps

= 18 SecondТs walk

= 40 adult steps

= 20 SecondТs walk




1minute walk =300feets=92M



1minute walk =300feets=92M




1hour = 5.4 Km walk



1hour = 5.4 Km walk


From yours Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
President:'Kutch Science Foundation'.
Founder :'Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch'.
Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh  http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do
visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of
India & kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.


Date: Wed, 22 Sep 2010 11:11:31 +0000









Dear Respected Invited Guest

Attach herewith please receive an invite towards forthcoming "Gujarat Golden
Jubilee Celebration in London" which will be held on Sunday the 26 Sep 2010 at
Harrow Leisure Centre from 7.00 PM to 10.00 PM

The celebration is supported by various organisations listed in the invite.

Although singer Shri Vinod Patel will be singing different songs, gazals, Bhajan
etc. Let me assure you that such singing / performance is part of Yoga and has
many of the mind calming benefits.

The practice is one way to focus the mind. By simply repeating mantras or words,
you can release your mind from its daily chatter. The practice has a powerful
heart-opening effects as well.

With no more to state, please join us and feel for yourself.

We should all unite like many fibres in rope and celebrate the festival.

Please accept my apology for sending the invite little late as the programme was
fixed recently.

Thank you and see you on the day.

Kindest regards
Kanji Jesani
Baladia Leva Patel Sarvodal
07836 780 168


Kindest regards
C B Patel
Gujarat Samachar & Asian Voice


Kindest regards
Arjun Vekaria
Hindu Forum of Britain


Kindest regards
Velji Vekaria
SKLPC(UK)
07734 845 336











[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

http://www.genkin.org/blog/index.php/2009/03/04/the-pinnacles-desert-nambung-nat\
ional-park-western-australia-photographic-guide/




http://maps.google.com/?ie=UTF8&hl=en&q=Hanson+Bay+Road++Cervantes%2C+Pinnacles+\
Desert++WA+Australia
(also shows its road views)



http://servicesrecommended.com/index.php/Details/LakeThetisStromatolites-Perth.h\
tml

         Lake Thetis Stromatolites - Perth Cervantes, Pinnacles Desert
		
Australiahttp://www.panoramio.com/map/#lt=-30.596622&ln=115.152426&z=3&k=2&a=1&t\
ab=1




         Recommended by :


     TravelGuru



   Most
people know Cervantes for being the gateway to the Pinnacles, but donТt
know about the amazing Stromatolites which can be found in Lake Thetis.
Stromatolites
are the fossils of bacteria colonies. They take on various different
shapes, many of which look like rock Pod People from outer space. The oldest
Stromatolites are from Western Australia, dating back to 3.8 million years. The
formations at Lake Thetis are only about 3,000 years old, but are special
because they are still living. This
makes them the oldest living life form on earth. It is definitely worth
a trip to Lake Thetis while you are in Cervantes visiting the Pinnacles. Lake
Thetis is only about 1km from the town center and you can easily walk there. The
views of the lake are really beautiful and you can follow the 1.2 path around
it. The best time to go is in the drier seasons because you will see many more
Stromatolites jutting from the water. There are many formations right on the
water edge, but visitors are asked not to touch.







		 Hanson Bay Road
		 Cervantes, Pinnacles Desert            Australia


BEST wishes From Dr. BHUDIA, and

KUTCH SCIENCE FOUNDATION

President:'Kutch
Science Foundation'.

Founder :Wild Life Of KUTCH - Bhuj -
Kutch'.

Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our
ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From: kutchsciencefoundation@...




Subject: 28 Sept 2010: 8PM today's lecture in EDGEWARE on
subject of Ancient Civilisation of DHOLAVIRA!

Date: Tue, 28 Sep 2010 15:56:24 +0000



Sub: 28 Sept 2010: 8PM today's lecture  in EDGEWARE on subject of
Ancient Civilisation of DHOLAVIRA !



Dear friends,



I got news from Dr MAHAPATRA from WATFORD General
hospital that there is a lecture on the subject of Ancient Civilisation of
DHOLAVIRA ! Vishva Hindu Parishad is also contributing the event. So if any one
is in contact with organisers/ VHP please enquire and contact them for this
event. TodayТs on 28 Sept 2010: 8PM in EDGEWARE (110 High street?). But I could
not find
any trace. If you
have any news about if please let me know urgently, Thanks.



Dr Bhudia

KUTCH SCIENCE FOUNDATION



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

AMMAN - Archaeologists on Wednesday
unveiled what they described as one of the most important Iron Age
discoveries in the region, including a 3,000-year-old Moabite temple.
At a press conference yesterday,
Department of Antiquities (DoA) Director General Ziad Saad announced
the recent discovery of the largest early Iron Age temple in the
region, dating back to between 1200 and 600 BC.
http://www.jordantimes.com/index.php?news=29730
It is good finding of by Jordanian Department of Antiquities (DoA) Director
General Ziad Saad announced the recent discovery as the largest early Iron Age
II temple in the region, dating back to between 1000 and 800 BC.

Those Statues are of "NANDI" of Shiva temples of the time before Christ. and
that was practiced since and during Old Persian empire from East to Iran Persia,
west to Egypt (Mudraya), North to Kazakhstan of Former USSR and South to whole
of Middle East.


  about Natraj a cosmic dancer  Abstract
http://www.sharadasrinivasan.com/data/shivacosmicdancer.pdf

This paper explores the origins of the Nataraja cult in the state of Tamil Nadu
in southern India. The
trajectory of the dancing Shiva is traced: from the processional worship of
metal icons outside the
sanctum to the cultic elevation of the Nataraja bronze into the sanctum at
Chidambaram.
Archaeometallurgical, iconographic and literary evidence discussed shows that
the Nataraja bronze,
depicting ShivaТs anandatandava or Сdance of blissТ, was a Pallava innovation
(seventh to mid-ninth
century), rather than tenth-century Chola as widely believed. That this
formulation was informed of
СcosmicТ or metaphysical connotations is also argued on the basis of the
testimony of the hymns of
Tamil saints.






[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

From:Dr BHUDIA -  kutchsciencefoundation@...

Sub:-Fossilised layers of the STROMATOLITE seen in cross sections
are misunderstood as curved layers of sedimentary rocks or even wood fossil.
Dear EDITORIALS, Friends of the Science, History, palaeontology and Geology,
please give your opinions and comments,  your comments are welcomed

1) Attached Picture 1 Stromatolites foosil In vertical cross sections : As seen
in picture attached Fatel
Talav Stromatolite Fossil vertical cross section.JPG Layers are seen
bending 180 degrees from bottom to up and back to Bottom. Layers are also
clearly seen separated by a space and air gapes. And so no layers return
back from Bottom to back to original directions.



More over if those were sedimentary layers than such folds of layers may be of
considerable length and not for just the few feet size as in stromatolite
fossil layers and no trace of such layers beyond certain feet of distance.



If those layers were of the sedimentary layers and bent by any seismic/tectonic
activity those layers must be seen returning back to its original direction and
also those layers are never seen separated by air gapes and never bending 180
degrees as in the stromatolite fossil layers.



2) Attached Picture 2 of Fossil Horizontal Transverse cross section.JPG - In
many parts of Kutch such stromatolites
fossil layers are also seen in horizontal transverse cross section it looks to
mimic wood fossil rings but those layers of wood fossil rings are not separated
by air gapes as in stromatolite fossil layers.



Also some time it may be mistaken for fossilised burrow but multiple layers in
the stromatolite fossil layers and layers separated by some visible air gapes
are distinctive to separate from rest of fossils of burrows, wood fossil rings
and from bending sedimentary layers due to seismic /tectonic activity.
More Information of  Stromatolites  @ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromatolite
'The Strombolites' was inspired by a visit to a lake south of Perth, one of two
places in Australia where 'strombolites' can be seen. These are a kind of
'living' rock which date back to the dawn of life on Earth
AND  Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) @
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbially_induced_sedimentary_structure


Microbially induced sedimentary structures (MISS) are primary sedimentary
structures
formed by the interaction of microbes with sediment and physical agents
of erosion, deposition, transportation, or deformation traces of
microbial activity [2][3]. The structures commonly form when microbial mats
(which may comprise bacteria, fungi, protozoans, archea or algae), or
evidence thereof, are preserved in the sedimentary geological record[4]. MISS
include stromatolites,
wrinkle marks (sometimes described as an elephant-skin texture),
microbial mat chips, mat curls, gas domes, and a variety of other forms.BEST
REGARDS From Dr. BHUDIA, and

KUTCH SCIENCE FOUNDATION

President:'Kutch
Science Foundation'.

Founder :Wild Life Of KUTCH - Bhuj -
Kutch'.

Life Member:'kutch Itihaas Parishad'.

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchscience

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchh

in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj

Do visit our
ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science Groups of India



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

Forwarded from: kutchsciencefoundation@...

Subject: FW: PRESENTATION & PROJECT WORK OF PHC (PAKISTAN HINDU COUNCIL)
Date: Sat, 16 Oct 2010 08:37:59 -0400












DEAR ALL
PL SEE THE ATTACHED
THANKS
DR RAMESH KUMAR VANKWANI
PATRON PAKISTAN HINDU COUNCIL
& EX MPA SINDH
0092-333-2277370
0092 21 32632029






[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]

рд╡рд┐рдЯрд╛рдорд┐рди рдбреА  рд╣реГрджрдп рд░реЛрдЧ
  рд╕реБрдмреЛрдз рдХреБрдорд╛рд░ Email:  subodh1934@...,

( рдЛрдЧреНрд╡реЗрдж 1-50-11рд╕реЗ 13 ,
рдЛрд╖рд┐рдГ-рдкреНрд░рд╕реНрдХрдгреНрд╡рдГ  рдХрд╛рдгреНрд╡рдГ ред
рджреЗрд╡рддрд╛- рд╕реВрд░реНрдпрдГ (11рд╕реЗ 13 рд░реЛрдЧрдШреНрдиреНрдп
рдЙрдкрдирд┐рд╖рджрдГ)
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рдордВрддреНрд░ рд░реЛрдЧрдШреНрдиреНрдп рдЙрдкрдирд┐рд╖рдж  рдХрд╣рд╛рддреЗ
рд╣реИрдВред

  рдпрд╣ рдЙрдкрдирд┐рд╖рдж рдЗрд╕ рдмрд╛рдд рдХрд╛ рднреА рдЦрдиреНрдбрди
рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реИ  рдХрд┐ рдЗрд╕ рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░ рд╡реЗрдж
рдордиреНрддреНрд░реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ рд╡рд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди
рдХреЗ рд╕реВрддреНрд░ рджреЗрдЦрдирд╛
  рдкрд╢реНрдЪ рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди  ( wisdom of hindsight)  рдорд╛рддреНрд░  
рдХрд╣рд╛ рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ред  рдЬрдм рднреА рд╡реЗрджреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ
рдХреЛрдЗ рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ рдкрд╛рд╢реНрдЪрд╛рддреНрдп рд╡рд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди 
рджрд┐рдЦрд╛рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рдРрд╕реЗ рдЖрдХреНрд╖реЗрдк
рд╕рджреИрд╡ рд▓рдЧрд╛рдП рдЬрд╛рддреЗ рд╣реИ ред рдкрд░рдиреНрддреБ
рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рдпрд╣ рднреА рдзреНрдпрд╛рди рдореЗрдВ рд▓рд╛рдиреЗ рдХреА
рдмрд╛рдд рд╣реИ рдХрд┐,рдкрд╛рд╢реНрдЪрд╛рддреНрдп
рдЖрдпреБрд░реНрд╡рд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдиреЗ рднреА рдЕрднреА рдЕрднреА
рд▓рдЧрднрдЧ рдкрд┐рдЫрд▓реЗ рджреЛ рддреАрди рд╡рд░реНрд╖реЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рд╣реА
рд╡рд┐рдЯрд╛рдорд┐рди рдбреА рдХрд╛ рдорд╣рддреНрд╡ рд"рд░ рдорд╛рдирд╡
рд╢рд░реАрд░ рдХреЗ рд╕рдм рд░реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ  рд╡рд┐рдЯрд╛рдорд┐рди рдбреА
рдХреЗ рд╕рдореНрдмрдиреНрдз рдХреЛ  рд╕рдордЭрдирд╛ рдЖрд░рдореНрдн
рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рд╣реИред рдорд╛рдирд╡ рд╢рд░реАрд░ рд"рд░ рдЧреЛрджреБрдЧреНрдз
рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреНрджрд░ рд╡рд┐рдЯрд╛рдорд┐рди рдбреА рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗ
рдЕрднреА рднреА рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ рд╡рд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдХреА
рдЬрдирдХрд╛рд░реА рдмрд╣реБрдд рд╕реАрдорд┐рдд рд╣реИред  рдпрд╣реА
рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЕрднреА рддрдХ рдкрд╛рд╢реНрдЪрд╛рддреНрдп рд╡рд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди
   рдЧреМ рдХреЗ рджреБрдЧреНрдз рдореЗрдВ рдорд┐рд▓рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ
рд╢рд╛рдХрд╛рд╣рд╛рд░реА рд╡рд┐рдЯрд╛рдорд┐рди 125 Hydoxy D2 рдирд╛рдо
рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ рд"рд░ рдордЫрд▓реА рдореЗ рдорд┐рд▓рдиреЗ
рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ  25Hydroxy D3 рд╡рд┐рдЯрд╛рдорд┐рди рдХреЗ рдЧреБрдгреЛрдВ рдХрд╛
рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд▓реЗрд╖рдг рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд░ рд╕рдХрд╛ рд╣реИред




  рджреИрдирд┐рдХ рд╕рдиреНрдзреНрдпрд╛ рдХреЗ рджреЛ рдкреНрд░рд╕рд┐рджреНрдз
рдордВрддреНрд░ рдЗрд╕ рд╕реВрдХреНрдд рд╕реЗ рд╕рдореНрдмрдиреНрдзрд┐рдд
рдорд┐рд▓рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВредрдВ-
  рдЙрджреБ рддреНрдпрдВ рдЬрд╛рддрд╡реЗрджрд╕рдВ рджреЗрд╡рдВ рд╡рд╣рдиреНрддрд┐
рдХреЗрддрд╡рдГ ред рджреГрд╢реЗ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡рд╛рдп рд╕реВрд░реНрдпрдорее
рдЛ-1-50-1, рдпрдЬреБ-35-14
  рдЙрджреНрд╡рдпрдВ рддрдорд╕рд╕реНрдкрд░рд┐ рд╕реНрд╡рдГ рдкрд╢реНрдпрдиреНрдд
рдЙрддреНрддрд░рдореНтАМ ред рджреЗрд╡рдВ рджреЗрд╡рддреНрд░рд╛
рд╕реВрд░реНрдпрдордЧрдиреНрдо рдЬреНрдпреЛрддрд┐рд░реБрддреНрддрдордореНтАМ рее
рдпрдЬреБ33-31
  рдЛрдЧ рд╡реЗрдж рдореЗрдВ  рдпрд╣ рджреВрд╕рд░рд╛ рдордВрддреНрд░ рдереЛреЬрд╛
рднрд┐рдиреНрди рд░реВрдк рдореЗрдВ рдорд┐рд▓рддрд╛ рд╣реИ ред
  рдЙрджреНтАМ рд╡рдпрдВ рддрдорд╕рд╕реНрдкрд░рд┐
рдЬреНрдпреЛрддрд┐рд╖реНрдкрд╢реНрдпрдиреНрдд рдЙрддреНрддрд░рдореНтАМред
рджреЗрд╡рдВ рджреЗрд╡рддреНрд░рд╛ рд╕реВрд░реНрдпрдордЧрдиреНрдо
рдЬреНрдпреЛрддрд┐рд░реБрддреНрддрдордореНтАМ рее рдЛ1-50-10
   рдЬрд╣рд╛рдВ рдЛрдЧрд╡реЗрдж рдореЗрдВ рдЬреЛрддрд┐рд╖реНрдкрд╢реНрдпрдиреНрдд
рд╕реЗ рд╡рд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдкрдХреНрд╖ рдХрд╛ рдЙрдкреНрджреЗрд╢ рд╣реИ,
рд╡рд╣реАрдВ рдпрдЬреБрд░реНрд╡реЗрдж рдореЗ  рдЙрдкрд╛рд╕рдирд╛ рдкрдХреНрд╖
рдХрд╛ рдЙрдкрджреЗрд╢ рд╣реИред
  рдЬреНрдпреЛрддрд┐рд╖реНрдкрд╢реНрдпрдиреНрдд рд╕реЗ рдЕрднрд┐рдкреНрд░рд╛рдп
рдЙрджрдп рд╣реЛрддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╕реВрд░реНрдп рдХреА рдЬреНрдпреЛрддрд┐
рд╕реЗ рд╣реИред рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ рд╡рд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдмрддрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИ
рдХрд┐ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рдорд╛рддреНрд░ рдпрд╣реА рд╕реБрд░реНрдпреЛрджрдп рдХреЗ
рд╕рдордп рдХреА рдЬреНрдпреЛрддрд┐ рдореЗрдВ рдкрд░рд╛рдмреИрдиреНрдЧрдиреА
Ultravoilet A рдХрд┐рд░рдгреЗрдВ рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИрдВ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓  рдЬрд┐рди
рд╕реЗ рд╣реА рд╡рд┐рдЯрд╛рдорд┐рди рдбреА рдмрди рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИред
  рд╡рд┐рдЯрд╛рдорд┐рди рдбреА рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рд░реЗ рдореЗрдВ рджреЗрдЦрд┐рдпреЗ
рд╡реЗрдж рднрдЧрд╡рд╛рди RV 1-50  рдХреЗ рд░реЛрдЧрдШреНрдиреНрдп
рдЙрдкрдирд┐рд╖рдж  рд"рд░ рдЕрдерд░реНрд╡ рд╡реЗрдж рдореЗ рдХреНрдпрд╛
рдХрд╣рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред

рдЙрджреНрдпрдиреНрдирджреНрдп рдорд┐рддреНрд░рдорд╣
рдЖрд░реЛрд╣рддреНрддрд░рд╛рдВ рджрд┐рд╡рдореНтАМред рд╣реГрджреНрдЧреЛрдЧрдВ
рдордо рд╕реВрд░реНрдпрдВ рд╣рд░рд┐рдорд╛рдгрдВ рдЪ рдирд╛рд╢рдп рее рдЛ 1-50-11

  рджрд┐рд╡рд╕ рдХреЗ рдЙрджрдп рдХреЛ рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдд рд╣реЛрддреЗ
рд╣реБрдП, рдорд┐рддреНрд░реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдорд╣рд╛рд╕рддреНрдХрд╛рд░ рдХреЗ
рдпреЛрдЧреНрдп рдЙрджрдп рд╣реЛрддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╕реВрдп рд╕реЗ рд░реН
рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рд╣реГрджрдп рд"рд░ рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рд╣рд░рдгрд╢реАрд▓
рд░реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХрд╛  рдирд╛рд╢ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИ ред

  рд╡реИрдЬреНрдЮрд╛рдирд┐рдХреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ UVA
рдХрд┐рд░рдгреЗрдВ , рдЬреЛ рддрд┐рд░рдЫреА рдкреГрдереНрд╡реА рдкрд░
рдкреЬрддреА рд╣реИрдВ ( рд╕рдиреНрдзрд┐ рд╡реЗрд▓рд╛ рдкреНрд░рд╛рддрдГ
рд╕рд╛рдпрдВ рдХреА рд╕реВрд░реНрдп рдХреА  рдХрд┐рд░рдгреЗрдВ рд╣реА
рд╡рд┐рдЯрд╛рдорд┐рди рдбреА рдЙрддреНрдкрдиреНрди рдХрд░рддреА рд╣реИрдВред

рд╢реБрдХреЗрд╖реБ рдореЗ рд╣рд░рд┐рдорд╛рдгрдВ рд░реЛрдкрдгрд╛рдХрд╛рд╕реБ
рджрдзреНрдорд╕рд┐ ред рдЕрдереЛ рд╣рд╛рд░рд┐рджреНрдЧрд╡реЗрд╖реБ рдореЗ
рд╣рд░рд┐рдорд╛рдгрдВ рдирд┐ рджрдзреНрдорд╕рд┐ рее рдЛ 1-50-12 ,
рдЕрдерд░реНрд╡ 1-22-4

рд░реЛрдкрд┐рдд рд╣рд░реЗ рд╡рдирд╕реНрдкрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреБрд╢рд╛ рдШрд╛рд╕
рд╣рд░реЗ рдЪрд╛рд░реЗ рдЗрддреНрдпрд╛рджрд┐ рдкрд░ рдкреЛрд╖рд┐рдд  
рджреБрдЧреНрдз рдореЗрдВ рд░реЛрдЧ рд╣рд░рдг рдХреНрд╖рдорддрд╛ рд╣реИред
рдЗрд╕ рд▓рд┐рдП рдРрд╕реЗ рд╣рд░реЗ рдЪрд╛рд░реЗ рдкрд░ рдкреЛрд╖рд┐рдд 
(рдЧрдХреНрд╖реИрд╡реЛрдВ) рдХреЗ рджреБрдЧреНрдз рдХрд╛ рдЖрд░реЛрдЧреНрдп
рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╕реЗрд╡рди рдХрд░реЛред

рдЖрдЬ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡ рдХреЗ рд╡рд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рд╢рд╛рд╕реНрддреНрд░ рдХреЗ
рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рдорд╛рддреНрд░ рд╣рд░реЗ рдЪрд╛рд░реЗ рдкрд░
рдкреЛрд╖рд┐рдд рдЧреМ рдХреЗ рджреБрдЧреНрдз рдореЗрдВ CLA (Conjugated Linoleic
Acid) рд"рд░ Omega 3 рд╡рд╕рд╛ рдорд┐рд▓рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ 
рдпрд╣реА рджреБрдЧреНрдз рдорд╛рдирд╡ рд╢рд░реАрд░ рдХреЗ рд╕рдм
рд╕реНрд╡рдЬрдиреНрдп рд░реЛрдЧ рдирд┐рд░реЛрдзрдХ рд"рд░ рд"рд╖рдзреАрдп
рдЧреБрдг рд░рдЦрддрд╛ рд╣реИред
   (  Is found to be anti obesity, anti cancer, anti  artheschelorosis - heart
and brain strokes due to clogging of arteries and High blood pressure,  anti
Diabetes  in short preventive as well as a medicine against all Self
degenerating Human diseases)
  рдЙрджрдЧрд╛рджрдпрдорд╛рджрд┐рддреНрдпреЛ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡реЗрди рд╕рд╣рд╕рд╛
рд╕рд╣ред рджреНрд╡рд┐рд╖рдиреНрддрдореНрдорд╣реНрдпрдВ
рд░рдиреНрдзрдпрдиреНрдореЛ рдЕрд╣рдВ рджреНрд╡рд┐рд╖рддреЗ рд░рдзрдореНтАМ рее
рдЛ 1-50-13

рдЙрджрдп рд╣реЛрддреЗ рд╕реВрд░реНрдп рдХреЗ рджреНрд╡рд╛рд░рд╛ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡
рдХреЛ рдмрд▓ рдкреНрд░рджрд╛рди рдХрд░ рдХреЗ , рдзрд░реНрдорд╛рдЪрд░рдг рдкрд░
рдЪрд▓рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╢рддреНрд░реБ рд░реВрдкреА рд░реЛрдЧреЛрдВ
рдХреЛ рдирд╖реНрдЯ рдХрд░рдХреЗ рдЖрдирдиреНрдж рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдд
рдХрд░рд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рдзрди рдкреНрд░рджрд╛рди рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реВрдВред

рдЗрд╕реА рд╡рд┐рд╖рдп рдкрд░ рдЕрдерд░реНрд╡ рд╡реЗрдж рдореЗрдВ
рдирд┐рдореНрди рдордиреНрддреНрд░ рдорд┐рд▓рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред

рдЕрдиреБ рд╕реВрд░реНрдпрдореБрджрдпрддрд╛рдВ рд╣реГрджрджреНрдпреЛрддреЛ
рд╣рд░рд┐рдорд╛ рдЪ рддреЗред рдЧреЛ рд░реЛрд╣рд┐рддрд╕реНрдп рд╡рд░реНрдгреЗрди
рддреЗрди рд╕реНрд╡рд╛ рдкрд░рд┐ рджрдзреНрдорд╕рд┐ рее рдЕ 1-22-1

рд╣реГрджрдп рдореЗрдВ рдЙрддреНрдкрдиреНрди рд╣рд░рдгрд╢реАрд▓
рд╡реНрдпрд╛рдзрд┐ рдХреЛ рдЙрджрдп рд╣реЛрддреЗ рд╕реВрд░реНрдп рд╕реЗ 
рддрдерд╛ рд╣рд┐рд░рдгреНрдп рд╡рд░реНрдгрд╛ (Golden colored ) рдЧрд╛рд╡
рджреБрдЧреНрдз рдХреЗ рд╕реЗрд╡рди рд╕реЗ рдЙрдкрдЪрд╛рд░ рдХрд░реЛред
  рдЧреМрдПрдВ рджреЛ рдкреНрд░рдХрд╛рд░ рдХреА рдорд╛рдиреА рдЬрд╛рддреА
рд╣реИрдВред  рдЕрдзрд┐рдХ рджреВрдз рджреЗрдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рд"рд░ рджреВрдз
рддрдерд╛ рдЦреЗрддреА рджреЛрдиреЛ рдХрд╛рдо рдХрд░рд╡рд╛рдиреЗ рд╡рд╛рд▓реАред
  ( Milk breeds and Dual purpose breeds.) рд╕реБрдирд╣рд░реЗ рд░рдВрдЧ рдХреА
рд╣рд┐рд░рдгреНрдп рд╡рд░реНрдгрд╛ рдЧреМ рд╕рд╛рд╣реАрд╡рд╛рд▓,
рдЧрдХреНрд╖реНреАрд░ рдЗрддреНрдпрд╛рджрд┐ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХ рджреВрдз рджреЗрдиреЗ
рд╡рд╛рд▓рд┐ рдорд╛рдиреА рдЬрд╛рддреА рд╣реИрдВред рдЗрдиреНрд╣реА рдЧреМ 
рдХреЗ рджреВрдз рдХреЛ рд╣реГ рджрдп рд░реЛрдЧ рдореЗ рд╡рд┐рд╖реЗрд╢
рдорд╣рддреНрд╡ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧрдпрд╛ рд╣реИред

рдкрд░рд┐ рддреНрд╡рд╛ рд░реЛрд╣рд┐рддреИрд░реНрд╡рдгреИ
рджреАрд░реНрдШрд╛рдпреБрддреНрд╡рд╛рдп рджрдзреНрдорд╕рд┐ ред
рдпрдерд╛рд╜рдпрд░рдкрд╛ рдЕрд╕рджрдзреЛ рдЕрд╣рд░рд┐рддреЛ рднреБрд╡рддреНтАМ
рее рдЕ 1-22-2

рд▓рд╛рд▓ рд░рдВрдЧ рд╕реЗ рддреБрдЭреЗ рджреАрд░реНрдШрд╛рдпреБ
рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдд рд╣реЛред рдЬреЛ рд░реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд╣рд░рдг рд╕реЗ
рдкреНрд░рд╛рдкреНрдд рд╣реЛрддреА рд╣реИрее

рдпрд╛ рд░реЛрд╣рд┐рдгреАрджреЗрд╡рддреНрдпрд╛рдп рдЧрд╛рд╡реЛ рдпрд╛ рдЙрдд
рд░реЛрд╣рд┐рдгреАрдГред рд░реВрдкрдВ рд░реВрдкрдВ
рд╡рдпреЛ-рд╡рдпрд╕реНрддрд╛рднрд┐рд╖реНрдЯреНтАМрд╡рд╛ рдкрд░рд┐
рджрдзреНрдорд╕рд┐рее рдЕ-1-22-3

рдЙрджрдп рд╣реЛрддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рд╕реВрд░реНрдп рд"рд░ рдЧреМ рдХреА
рд▓рд╛рд▓рд┐рдорд╛  рд░реВрдк рд"рд░ рдЖрдпреБ рдХреА рд╡реГрджреНрдзрд┐ рдХреЗ
рд▓рд┐рдП рджреЗрд╡рддрд╛ рдкреНрд░рджрд╛рди рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВрее

рд╢реБрдХреЗрд╖реБ рдореЗ рд╣рд░рд┐рдорд╛рдгрдВ рд░реЛрдкрдгрд╛рдХрд╛рд╕реБ
рджрдзреНрдорд╕рд┐ ред рдЕрдереЛ рд╣рд╛рд░рд┐рджреНрдЧрд╡реЗрд╖реБ рдореЗ
рд╣рд░рд┐рдорд╛рдгрдВ рдирд┐ рджрдзреНрдорд╕рд┐ рее  рдЕрдерд░реНрд╡ 1-22-4

рд░реЛрдкрд┐рдд рд╣рд░реЗ рд╡рдирд╕реНрдкрддрд┐рдпреЛрдВ рдХреБрд╢рд╛ рдШрд╛рд╕
рд╣рд░реЗ рдЪрд╛рд░реЗ рдЗрддреНрдпрд╛рджрд┐ рдкрд░ рдкреЛрд╖рд┐рдд  
рджреБрдЧреНрдз рдореЗрдВ рд░реЛрдЧ рд╣рд░рдг рдХреНрд╖рдорддрд╛ рд╣реИред
рдЗрд╕ рд▓рд┐рдП рдРрд╕реЗ рд╣рд░реЗ рдЪрд╛рд░реЗ рдкрд░ рдкреЛрд╖рд┐рдд 
(рдЧрдХреНрд╖реИрд╡реЛрдВ) рдХреЗ рджреБрдЧреНрдз рдХрд╛ рдЖрд░реЛрдЧреНрдп
рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд╕реЗрд╡рди рдХрд░реЛред

рдЖрдЬ рд╡рд┐рд╢реНрд╡ рдХреЗ рд╡рд┐рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рд╢рд╛рд╕реНрддреНрд░ рдХреЗ
рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рдорд╛рддреНрд░ рд╣рд░реЗ рдЪрд╛рд░реЗ рдкрд░
рдкреЛрд╖рд┐рдд рдЧреМ рдХреЗ рджреБрдЧреНрдз рдореЗрдВ CLA (Conjugated Linoleic
Acid) рд"рд░ Omega 3 рд╡рд╕рд╛ рдорд┐рд▓рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ 
рдпрд╣реА рджреБрдЧреНрдз рдорд╛рдирд╡ рд╢рд░реАрд░ рдХреЗ рд╕рдм
рд╕реНрд╡рдЬрдиреНрдп рд░реЛрдЧ рдирд┐рд░реЛрдзрдХ рд"рд░ рд"рд╖рдзреАрдп
рдЧреБрдг рд░рдЦрддрд╛ рд╣реИред



Vitamin D-Dietary Fortification in USA

At the turn of last century, Rickets among children in USA was a matter of great
concern. It was then that the critical importance to human health of a regular
dietary access to vitamin D3 was understood (in the 1930's).  Fortification of
Dairy milk with Vitamin D was made a regulatory requirement. Adequacy of vitamin
D in children in Europe has also been the focus of a number of investigations.
The results of measuring serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D show high
prevalence of vitamin D deficiency during the winter with lower prevalence
during the summer. National policies on food fortification or individual
supplementation with vitamin D have been recently revisited by the individual
countries and the European Union as a whole. Optiford is a project managed by a
coalition of scientists formed to optimize vitamin D fortification in the
northern European Countries, was given the task to decide if food fortification
with vitamin D is feasible and to provide a scientific basis for setting the
vitamin D fortification level in Europe, even in the absence of adequate sun
exposure during a significant part of the year.
Vitamin D malnutrition may also be linked to an increased susceptibility to
several chronic diseases, such as high blood pressure, tuberculosis, cancer,
periodontal disease, multiple sclerosis, chronic pain, seasonal affective
disorders, peripheral artery disease, cognitive impairment which includes memory
loss and foggy brain, and several autoimmune diseases including type 1 diabetes
There is an association between low vitamin D levels and Parkinson's disease,
but whether Parkinson's causes low vitamin D levels, or whether low vitamin D
levels play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease has not been
established A resurgence of interest in vitamin D deficiency has led to
continued studies on the topic and a focus on educating the consumer on the
prevalence and degree of deficiency among the general public. As a result,  many
experts refer to Vitamin D as naturesтАЩ antibiotic.

  The commercial production of vitamin D3 is completely dependent on the
availability of either 7-dehydrocholesterol or cholesterol. 7-Dehydrocholesterol
that can be obtained by organic solvent extraction of animal skins (cow, pig or
sheep)
  Additives of synthetic Vitamin D to food & milk can thus  pose a dilemma for
individuals such as Hindus and Muslims equally with strict religious reasons for
avoiding such food products.

Next the 7-dehydrocholesterol is irradiated with ultraviolet light to carry out
the transformation (similar to that which occurs in human and animal skin) to
produce vitamin D3. The exact details of the process are closely held patents.
The major producers of vitamin D3 used for milk and other food supplementation
are the companies F. Hoffman La Roche, Ltd (Switzerland) and BASF (Germany).

Supply of animal skins as a source to provide synthetic Vitamin D for food
fortification all over the world is one hidden commercial significance of
slaughter houses.
Milk from all lactating animals, including humans, contains, in varying degrees,
vitamin D3 that has been produced photo chemically from 7-dehydrocholesterol
present in the skin.  Some animals such as buffalo due to dark skin devoid of
hair can not stand exposure to direct sun over prolonged periods. The milk of
buffaloes is thus considered to have negligible amounts of Vitamin D.
Cow is called in Vedas рджреНрдпреБрднрдХреНрдд.  Cows love to roam around in
open sun. This fact is of great significance in traditional Indian practice of
letting the cows out to loiter around during the day in pastures. Unlike
buffaloes Indian cowтАЩs milk is thus a very rich source of Vitamin D.

1. It is for the experts to research if Vitamins D3, D2 etc, being fat soluble
are present in the fats of CowтАЩs milk. It will thus open a way to use
рдЧреЛрдШреГрдд  as a supplement for  Vitamin D , and thus establish a natural
source of Vitamin D instead of present system of obtaining it from slaughtered
cow skins.
    About composition of Fatty Acids in рдЧреЛрджреБрдЧреНрдз
  Natural diet for cow is green fodder. When cows were self fed on pasture land
the saturated fatty acid content of fats in cowтАЩs milk drops down and the
unsaturated Essential Fatty Acid content rises. accordingly. In Indian
traditions cows were segregated in two categories according to fat content of
milk, normal fat producing milk and heavy fat producing milk. Only low fat
content milk was considered good for family consumption. High fat content milk
cows were to be used for helping the priestly class in the performing of Havans.
In fact Vedas go to the extent of saying that those families are ruined who keep
cows that give high fat content Milk. Such cows that produce high Fat content
Milk must to be donated to priests for making more ghee to perform havans.
  In terms of weights and measures prevailing from Mahabharata times,  and the
standards laid down by Kautilya, on  milk fat contents, one drona Buffalo milk
had five prasth  fat, one drona cow milk had one prasth of fat, and  one drona
goat/sheep milk had 2/5th prasth fat. One drona is equal to 16 prasth . Thus
ancient Indian Standards for fat in Milk provided for  only 0.625% fats in Cow's
milk and five times more than cow's milk in Buffalo milk ie.  only 3.125% fats.
(Reference Kautilya's Artha Shastra 2-45-29-2and Panini Kalin Bharat by Dr
Vasudev Sharan Agarwal)

Cow Feeds
This is only to indicate how over the past, changes in cattle feeding practices
have affected the composition of Cow's milk.  Improper and unnatural feeds
affect both the quality and the quantity of fat content in cow's milk. These
changes in the quality of milk have not always been in the best interests of
human health. Concentrated formulated grains feeds for cattle are now recognized
to be not the best form of cattle feed strategy. By our veterinary interventions
over the past millennia we may have participated in the evolutions of cow breeds
that are producing much higher levels of fat content in their milk.

Milk yield & Fat content correlate

It is a fact that when the milk yield of a cow is high the fat content is low.
The converse is also obvious, when fat content of milk is high; the milk yield
of a cow is low. Observations with Vitur cows of Kerala will support this   It
is possible that combined with high milk yields and low fat content in milk was
result of almost total pasture feeding of the Indian cows in ancient times. The
very low milk yield of Indian cows today can also contribute to higher fat in
their milk.  Average Sahiwal cows have about 4.5% fat in their milk these days.
In fact there are directions in Atharva Veda that only cows with low fat in
their milk should be kept as family cows. Higher fat content milk yielding cows
should be donated to priestly class who require the milk fats in larger
quantities for offering to fire in performing of Yagnas.
Atharva Veda further goes on to say in chapter 12, 4th hymn, families that
consume food, high fat milk suffer from disease and destruction. We have to day
arrived at a stage when the medical experts advise that Cow's milk is not good
for our health.

In Europe a big research project LIPGENE*   in 21 laboratories has taken up the
task of addressing the metabolic disorders having adverse affects by introducing
corrective actions on food related products with specific reference to Milk.
  In normal milk about 70 of fats are saturated fat, rest is made up of 
unsaturated fats ,  consisting of ALA (Omega3) and CLA (Conjugated linoleic
Acids). Efforts are directed towards reducing the saturated fatty acids in milk
and bringing about a 1:1 ratio of Omega3 and CLA.  Finally we should not be
surprised that scientists end up with producing Cow's Milk very similar to what
was there in the first place in Indian Traditions.




  2. Quality of Fats in Cow's milk

Particular attention is being drawn to   CLA (Conjugated Linoleic Acids) and
high Omega3 ALA (Alpha linolenic Acids) contents, in Grass Fed Cows' milk.
Vitamin D enabling milk is obtained from grass fed cow, by the exposure of cows
to sunshine. Vitamins A, D, E and K in milk being fat soluble, when accompanied
with CLA, Omega 3 lipids and Omega 6 , provide the nutritive functions for the
human body in natural form. Minerals also depend on the presence of these high
quality lipids for best nutritive assimilation in human body. It is now
recognized that Calcium can not be metabolized in human body in absence of
minimum quantity of lipids. Calcium tablets with synthetic Vitamin D are a very
big business, but of doubtful utility.
CLA ( Conjugated Linolenic Acids), Omega 3 ALA (Alpha linolenic Acid)  and Omega
6 , rich milk is now regarded as the only natural food, which  is a preventive
as well as a medicine for all the self degenerating diseases in human body
namely Obesity, Breast Cancer, Diabetes, Blood pressure, Alzheimer, Osteoporosis
etc.
This type of good milk has been found in cows which move about in the open
Sunshine and feed on Green Forage, and Algae. New Zealand earns 40% of its
foreign trade revenue by selling such grass fed cow's milk only.

2. To the best of my information very little or no investigations have been made
in India on our cow breeds to check the vitamin D variation with seasons and
breeds. (In USA this subject was studied in great details and variations in
Vitamin D variations varying from one to ten were detected.)

Sub: Microbiology in Vedas

Sir,
Evolution of  modern scientific thought  is witnessed as a continuous
development   from DescartesтАЩ mechanistic world to Newtonian mechanics to
EinsteinтАЩs relativity/
In the realm of life sciences such as agriculture  similar evolution is seen
from inorganic chemical fertilizers to organic fertilizers to soil and plant
microbiology.
In field of medicine similarly researches made a start with search of  medicines
as  for various diseases. Great progress has been made  on pathogens- disease
causing germs, bacteria and viruses to find  antibiotics and vaccines as disease
fighting tools. In the earlier times it was thought that all microorganisms were
disease causing pathogens.
  But of late life supporting role of microorganisms is established with 
discovery of  Probiotics. As a result it  is now realized that all
microorganisms may not be responsible for disease only.  It is now also
acknowledged that majority of the microbe are agents for promoting  life.
  In meteorology there was a time when rain was considered a purely physical
phenomenon consisting of cloud formation by simple evaporation, physical
movement of clouds and precipitation by ice nucleation in the clouds. But with
discovery of Pseudomonads Syringe bacteria a linkage of microbes with ice
nucleation of the water bearing clouds in environments is noted.  This idea is
found linked in Yajurveda 17.3
.
While studying a Yajur Veda Mantra 17-1, one is  struck with the Vedic
description of the formation of fertile virgin soil by disintegration of rocks
on the mountains being caused by тАШMARUTSтАЩ. Vedas consider these тАШMaruts as
the building blocks of life itself.  According to modern science  microbes  are
instrumental in weathering and disintegration of rocks for the formation of
virgin fertile soil. Microbes are also seen as the building blocks of life .
A thought suggests itself to me , what if Maruts by any stretch of imagination
could be correlated with microbes. The next mantra (Yajurved 17.2) enumerates
the numbers of these building blocks of life  and goes on to describe the
infinitely large numbers involved. Subsequent Mantras Yaju 17.4 indicate roles
that Maruts play by their presence on ocean floors, where they exist at very
high temperatures in the vicinity of volcanic eruptions on the ocean floor.
Similarly in next mantra Yaju17.5 Maruts are indicated   deep buried under ice 
under very low temperatures.
In Vedas after Agni-Fire and Energy-, and Indra- Enterprising hardworking
spirit-, the largest numbers of Mantras are devoted to MARUTS.   Maruts in Vedas
appear to present the subject of Microbes  as  covered   in the sciences of
Biotechnology, & microbiology.
            1.Maruts have life like  entities тА" This is stated repeatedly at 18
places in Rig
              Veda 1
 	 2.Maruts are always referred to operate in a multitude, as an army  Marut
ganas.
 	 3. Modern science also confirms that the microorganisms as building blocks of
life , are present in infinitely large numbers on the earth, estimated at 1031
by ASM-American Society of Microbiology.. Veda mentions the number of  1036 as
the Maruts in the universe. 3 тА"Yaju 17-2
 	 Maruts according to Vedas are of many different varieties, shapes, sizes and
colors .4
 	 The outer space is the birth place / habitation of Maruts, from where they
come to earth .5
 	 They take birth, multiply, and die, but are born in maturity as adults, always
in youth, not going through phases  like infancy and old age .6
 	 7. Scientists find the microbes like the Vedic Maruts of  different   bright
multicolor, shapes and sizes. Griffith in his translation of Vedas refers to
Maruts with resplendent multicolored bejeweled medallions  with their weaponry,
to fight its enemies.
 	 8. Maruts have sonic, qualities .8 ( Shankh- a conch shell- is blown to purify
the sacred  place to destroy bad germs.
 	 9. Maruts are also born during fires, physical friction, electrical spark and
operate through electric fields .9
 	 10. Maruts  are voracious eaters of cooked food & grow in numbers
exponentially. 10
 	 11. Maruts are all beneficial organisms which destroy malefic organisms.
 	 12. Maruts cause disintegration of rocks for Fertile Soil formation & organic
agriculture.12
 	 13. Maruts  treat sewage and waste water  for  disposal, like the 
microorganisms .13.
 	 14. Maruts bring rains from cloud on to earth .14
 	 15. Can help produce artificial rain. 15
 	 16. Maruts create big sounds under the earth. When these earth shaking noises
are heard, living beings get scared of immense catastrophes- It is observed that
cattle, birds etc have a premonition /early warning of natural disasters like
earth quakes. (Veda is suggesting a method for early detection of large
earthquakes by monitoring underground sonic signals..) 16

  All these modern scientific attributes of the microbes, are directly talked
about Maruts  in  Vedas. Some of the topics which modern microbiology is yet to
explore and Vedas frequently talk about are like:  Vedas say all naturally born
microbes are тАШgoodтАЩ, ones and different from germs. Modern science having
gone to microbiology by medical route made a start with disease control
strategies through antibiotics, and is still not very focused on life supporting
microorganisms the probiotics. Vedas want to know which are the good ones and
what distinguishes them from bad ones, what motivates the  actions of good ones,
and how to look for them.   Most of these are possible frontier areas where our
scientists could find new lines of enquiry, and methods to study microbiology,
the  Marut Suktas in Rig  and Atharv Vedas.








  About 1000 Mantras  relate directly to Maruts, and there are also  large number
of mantras which relate to Maruts by linkage to other Devtas. Modern science
would term this as interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary. All these ideas
would  warrant scientific validation.
A multidisciplinary group of Cytological/ microbiological experts from
pathology, botany, agriculture and chemical engineering, meteorological
engineering  with the help of one or two Vedic scholars, could devote time to
look in to the  Vedas for  fresh insights. Based on the report of these
scientists further research work in laboratories can be taken up.
The  entire work could be split in to two  parts.
1. Theoretical analysis to throw up scientific ideas requiring, further work by
scientists, environmental, agriculture and material science experts. This can be
carried out as a two or three   weeks workshop, of the  multidiscipline team of 
experts. The work can be  carried out in two or three stages also of week long
deliberations.  Perhaps the only prequalification for group members,  will be
that they should have an open minded approach and interest in such a study.
2. Practical laboratory work for validation of Vedic Hypothesis on microbes,
will be the follow up on  the out come of these  workshops.
  It will be deemed a privilege, to make personal presentation to your office, on
the basis of the preliminary work, on Maruts in Vedas, which has been carried
out by me, and which gives me the courage to make this encroachment on your busy
schedule.