BBC NEWS | Science/Nature | Beagle descent possibly too fastFrom:
astronomyclubindia ; Science CITY GUJARAT ; Vigyan Prasar ;
space-india.org@delhi
Sent: Monday, March 08, 2004 6:13 PM
Subject: BBC NEWS Science-Nature Beagle descent possibly too fast.htm
Beagle descent possibly too fast
A heat shield was designed to protect Beagle during descent
The Beagle 2 lander could have crashed into Mars because the atmosphere on
the planet was less dense than expected.
Mission scientists told a London meeting the probe may simply have been
going too fast for its parachute and airbags to bring about a soft landing.
The Royal Society conference also heard photographic evidence had found
four bright spots, dubbed the "string of pearls", on the surface of the planet.
Scientists are studying the images to see if they show the lander's
remains.
They want to know if the spots are the probe's airbags and chute or are
merely an artefact of the imaging process.
The Beagle team, led by Professor Colin Pillinger, told the society the
latter was probably the case.
Reduced density
Readings of the Martian atmosphere taken on the day Beagle 2 was due to
land were obtained by the Mars Express orbiter, using its Spicam Ultraviolet and
Infrared Atmospheric Spectrometer.
"The Spicam data shows that there was considerably reduced atmospheric
density at 30-40km above the surface," said Beagle 2 mission manager Dr Mark
Sims.
"We now need to find out where (on Mars) that measurement was taken. If
that was true of the Beagle 2 landing site we might have ended up with a
situation where we didn't turn the radar altimeter on."
This radar altimeter was supposed to prompt Beagle to deploy its airbags
once it reached 200m above the surface. But if Beagle was travelling too fast,
they might not have deployed.
Without airbags to cushion the landing, Beagle 2 would simply have crashed
into the Martian dust.
However the Spicam data from Mars Express is contradicted by readings from
Nasa's Mars Odyssey spacecraft, which did not show greatly lowered atmospheric
density on Mars.
Dr Sims said that if Beagle's chute deployed properly it would have been
travelling towards the surface at 16m/s. A failure involving the parachutes
higher in the atmosphere might have meant Beagle approached Mars at up to 6km/s.
Dr Sims said turbulence high in the atmosphere could also have caused the
craft problems as it approached the surface.
High velocity
Beagle 2 was targeted to land in a large lowland basin called Isidis
Planitia at 0254 GMT on 25 December.
It was designed to look for past or present life.
No signal has ever been detected from the craft to indicate it got down
safely, and all attempts to locate the probe with Mars obiters and radio
telescopes on Earth have failed.
The idea that Beagle may have had too high a velocity as it approached the
surface of Mars is not a huge surprise.
The US space agency also reported a less dense atmosphere than expected on
the entry of its first rover, Spirit.
This was explained by the dust storm activity on the planet at the time
which acted to warm the atmosphere.
The Nasa vehicle managed to get down safely thanks to its chute,
retro-rockets and robust airbag system.
Even so, the entry parameters for the second rover, Opportunity, were
changed as a result. This was deemed particularly important because Opportunity
was aimed at a higher altitude target.
The meeting was also told that an unidentified object could be seen in the
image taken immediately after Beagle was ejected from its mothership, Mars
Express, five days prior to the landing attempt.
Scientists said this needed further investigation.
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Astronomy On-Line: How to measure the size of the EarthFrom: hpatel63
To: astronomyclubindia kutchastronomersclub
Sent: Friday, February 27, 2004 1:34 PM
Subject: FW : Astronomy On-Line How to measure the size of the Earth.htm
HOPE EVERY ONE FIND the SOLUTION
How to measure the size of the Earth
This project invites you to measure the circumference of the Earth, in a
collaboration with other Astronomy On-Line groups. To do so, you will have to
read carefully the instructions given here and then to contact other groups
which are interested in this type of project.
You may wish to contact actively those groups which are located more or less at
the same geographical longitude as your own. But this is not an absolute
condition.
You may also place a message about your interest in the Astronomy On-Line
Communications Archive. You may do so via the Marketplace (Group Communications'
Shop).
The measurement is not very difficult, and as long as the weather is not too bad
and you can see the Sun, you should be able to obtain quite accurate results.
The organisers shall be happy to hear about your experience and look forward to
your report(s). They will be brought in the Astronomy On-Line Newspaper.
Good luck!
From November 17, you may find the provisional report about this project here.
How big is the Earth?
Before Man started pondering over the question, it undoubtedly had been
necessary to realize first that Earth was spherical. This can easily be
understood during an eclipse of the Moon when one can see that the shadow cast
by Earth on the Moon is a portion of a disk.
Aristotle, the famous Greek natural philosopher, reports that mathematicians had
allegedly evaluated the dimension of Earth at 40.000 stadia, adding: `From their
supposition, it follows that the shape of Earth must be a sphere and also that
its size be small relative to the distance of other celestial bodies.'
It was generally agreed upon that measuring the size of Earth could be done by
measuring the altitude of a star from two cities situated on the same meridian.
Then, a difference expressed in degrees would be found. If the distance between
the two cities was known, from estimates by caravaneers for instance, it would
then be possible to find the value of a degree of meridian and hence derive the
value of the terrestrial circumference.
The stadium, Aristotle's unit length, apparently corresponds to 185 meters, so
the value of 74.000 km thus obtained is much too high. Archimedes, in his
treatise De Arenae Numero [On the number of sand grains] quotes a value of
300.000 stadia for the terrestrial circumference. This means that the
measurement must have been attempted several times.
Eratosthenes' measurement
Because he had been appointed Director to the Great Library at Alexandria by
Ptolemaeus III Evergetes, Eratosthenes had an access to innumerable sources of
knowledge.
He apparently made use of writings by Posidonius and reasoned thus:
a.. From his readings, he had learnt that once a year (on the day of the
Summer solstice), the bottom of a well situated at Syene in Upper Egypt was
illuminated by the Sun;
b.. However, at Alexandria, this never happened: obelisks always cast a
shadow;
c.. He believed that Earth was a sphere;
d.. He assumed that Alexandria and Syene were on the same meridian;
e.. He knew (or better, he assumed) that the distance between the two cities
was 5,000 stadia (as caravans covered the distance in 50 days at a rate of 100
stadia a day);
f.. He postulated that sunrays reached Earth as parallel beams (an idea that
was commonly held by the mathematicians of his time).
Information on ERATOSTHENES
a.. Born at Cyrene 275 BC
b.. Studied at Alexandria and Athens
c.. Appointed Director of the Alexandrian Library 236 BC
d.. Got blind 195 BC
e.. Starved himself to death 194 BC
So, on solstice day, he decided to measure the length of the meridian shadow
cast by a gnomon at Alexandria. He found a value of 1/50th of a circumference
(i.e. 7o 12') and derived the value of the terrestrial circumference: 50 x 5.000
= 250.000 stadia. Although our idea of the exact value of the stadium (which was
not the same at Athens, Alexandria or Rome) is fairly hazy, this puts the
terrestrial circumference at 40.000 km. The result is remarkable, although
several errors were introduced in the calculations:
a.. The distance between Alexandria and Syene is 729 km, not 800;
b.. The two cities are not on the same meridian (the difference in longitude
is 3o);
c.. Syene is not on the Tropic of Cancer (it is situated 55 km farther North);
d.. The angular difference is not 7o 12' but 7o 5'.
The most extraordinary thing is that the measurement rests on the estimated
average speed of a caravan of camels: one can certainly do better in the matter
of accuracy. Yet, in spite of all these flaws, it worked fine: around 250 BC,
Earth had at last a size.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Picard's measurement
The idea of measuring Earth kept running in the minds of scientists but there
was no improvement in the accuracy of the measurements until Galileo and the use
of the telescope for astronomical purposes. A few years later, a team of the
Royal Academy of Sciences in Paris decided to measure the value of the
terrestrial radius. Picard, who had been assigned the task, was to measure as
accurately as possible the linear distance between two points situated onthe
same meridian and whose latitudes differed by 1o. Then the distance that had
been measured would be multiplied by 360, thus yielding the value of the
terrestrial circumference.
The limits of the arc to be measured were 6 km from LaFert-Alais, a small city
North of Paris on one side and 20 km south of Amiens on the other side. The
problem was to use a unit length that would be accepted by everybody. Picard's
idea was quite clever: using the length of a pendulum oscillating seconds (mean
solar time). Unfortunately, he did not know that the length of such a pendulum
varies with latitude, which ruined all his efforts.
Anyhow, with a rigorous method and a concern for accuracy that remain exemplary,
he set to work finally publishing in 1671 a treatise of about 30 pages, entitled
Mesure de la Terre [The measurement of Earth]. The length of a degree of
meridian was set at 57.057 toises, i.e. between 111 and 112 km, corresponding to
a terrestrial radius of 6372 km.(1)
Earth had at last been measured with some more accuracy but there remained a lot
to discover.
A "revolutionary" Earth
The French Revolution burst out at the end of the XVIIIth century and it
established a new system of scientific education. Important decisions were made
regarding the units of measurements. To define the meter, the new universal
standard, it was decided to measure a part of a terrestrial meridian. The
adventurous task was led by Jean-Baptiste Delambre and Pierre Mechain, from 1792
to 1799, between Dunkirk (northern end) to Perpignan (southern end).
Similar missions had previously taken place:
a.. in Lapland, with Maupertuis, Clairaut, Camus and Lemonnier;
b.. in Peru, with Godin, Bouguer, la Condamine and one of the Jussieu
brothers.
Much later, on September 3, 1957, the Toronto Colloquium of the International
Association of Geodesy and Geophysics assessed the results of three centuries of
measurements:
a.. semi-major axis of the reference ellipsoid: 6 378 245 m
b.. polar flattening: 1/298.3
Since then, the problem has been dealt with the help of satellites, and as the
measurements became more and more accurate, it became more and more complex. But
this is another story!
Determinations of the polar flattening through the centuries
Newton: 1/230
Huygens: 1/578
1733 Cassini: -1/284
1737 Maupertuis: 1/178
1810 Delambre: 1/308
1841 Bessel: 1/299
1880 Clarke: 1/293
1924 Hayford: 1/297
1957 I.A.G. 1/298.257
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Figure 3: During an eclipse of the Moon, it is possible to evaluate the ratio
between the size of Earth's shadow and the size of the Moon (LUN207).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Figure 4: Seen from space, Earth seems to be an ideal sphere, but an improvement
in the accuracy of the measurements has shown that this ideal shape was a mere
appearance. The polar flattening can hardly be noticed on the image, but
remote-sensing satellites can measure it (TER207).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Figure 5: Thanks to remote-sensing satellites as ERS1, a new vision of Earth is
now available. They can monitor variations over more restricted zones as on this
view showing the Atlantic Ocean (ATER0439).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The codes in the figure captions above correspond to references in the Geospace
Picture Library (address below). These images have been digitized for inserting
in a text file. Click on the images to see larger JPG-versions (but beware of
the sizes of those files (14k, 144k, and 70k, respectively)!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Annotation:
(1) These values can be compared with present measurements, i.e.
- mean equatorial radius: 6378 km
- mean polar radius: 6357 km
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
How two groups may measure the size of the Earth
Here is then how your group, together with another group, will be able to repeat
this fundamental measurement.
a.. Requisites
2 vertical poles of the same height (think of sports equipment's), one for
each site. 1 telephone set or any computer allowing an Internet login.
b.. Method
In two separate sites distant of at least a few hundreds of kilometers and
situated on the same meridian (say, for example: Lille and Montpellier in
France), on any given day and at the same time, the shadows cast by the Sun are
measured and the results are shared through a telephone or Internet link. If the
two cites are on a different meridian, the mathematics involved will be a little
more complicated.
c.. Calculation
As in the case of Eratosthene's experiment, there is very little math
involved. Angle A = angle (l) measured on one site - angle (m) measured on the
other site
= l - m
Figure 6
A represents a part of the terrestrial circumference. The only thing to do is
then to extrapolate, knowing the distance ML between the two sites.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Please direct all enquiries and also send your results to:
Contact: Dr. Bernard Pellequer
National Representative of EAAE in France
Geospace, Observatoire d'Aniane
Tel: +33 (0)4 67 04 02 22 Fax: 33 (0)4 67 54 26 75
e-mail: bernard.pellequer@...
Website 1: www.eaae-france.org
Website 2: www.geospace-online.com/index_en.htm
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Astronomy On-line | EAAE | ESO | Help | Search
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Send comments to <Richard.West@...>
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Dear Science and Astronomy Friends,
(I am just giving my experience of UFO and wish you pass comments and ideas for
finding the truth of that)
It was a JANMASTHANI, (1987) and the place was MADHAPAR town near BHUJ - city of
earthquake in KUTCH of Gujarat state in western India. This year there was no
rain in Kutch, but all of sudden wind changes direction from the north! at about
4 pm and dark clouds cover the whole sky and rain started at 5 Pm and the rain
poured for about half an hour to 40 minutes and more rain in southern mountain
range bring plenty of water in the dry lake of Hamisar of Bhuj. Nearly at about
6 Pm clouds started to go away and still it was day light and some time to
sunset. Situation was getting back to about same as it was at the time of 4Pm of
the same day with a change in wind direction as normal. 6:30 Pm clouds breaks
and all of sudden a small light appears over heads far far high in the sky in
the broken clouds at about 6:40 Pm - and light intensity increases for some time
and becomes bigger and brighter.
But it was too early to see stars in the sky, still day light was there and not
even Planet Venus was visible at that time so what was that? Venus set before
the sun set and no way that was a natural celestial body! no major planets in
that position and nor the stars visible in day light. so must be an artificial ?
or a UFO?
The object light was not moving in either way in the wind or atmosphere of the
Earth- (None of E, W, N, S) but just synchronising the Earth's rotation towards
the west. If it was some thing artificial (objects of aero dynamic) has to move
in either direction - can not stay stationary at same position, if that was a
balloon light has to move in wind direction in the SW to NE. May it be an
artificial ? Lets check and get my Binoculars and see it with a close LOOK.
No - that was not so close - with binocular it looks bigger and so brighter too.
A bigger bright disk, but still not clear what it can be. was that some thing in
geo-synchronised stationary at that place? continued watching and showing all
children and neighbours and with aided views of binoculars. All enjoyed that and
it become so bright as was coming ONLY DOWNWARDS, every one enjoyed the
situation and it was going to be a sun set and will look nicer brighter in the
dark. !!!!
This thing only can be a UFO not moving in either direction or with wind but now
sun was set and was getting just darker but sky was clear and stars still just
to appear. and the object started to move ONLY UPWARDS and in Geo-synchronised
stationary and getting dimmer now and it looks like a bright star in the sky
but no other stars in the sky. still waiting for stars to appear in the sky so I
can confirm that, that was really Geo-synchronised stationary in relation to
stars too.
yes getting bit darker and stars started to appear in the sky and Now UFO was
looking like a Brighter star among other stars but getting more and more dimmer
and going UPWARDS and UPWARDS to go to be fainter.
Nearly till 8:30 PM it looks like a other star, gone UPWARDS far far away in
the real Geo-synchronised stationary positioned among the stars and fainted to
other stars and in the same position. and till 9:30 was visible and then got
much fainter and disappeared to naked eye object.
There has been previous sighting but different situation and this time it was
really made me thinking and realising how it behaves and travels (as if it was
electro magnetic travel UP and Down without affected by Earth movement or
Earth's atmosphere and environment and was not a planet or a STAR) but IT WAS A
UFO.
Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
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Dear Science and astronomy Friends,
“SUN has Mean equatorial radius: 696000 km (109.1 x Earth) and about similar
times of (the Diameter of The SUN) away from the Earth”
FEB 2004) : Measuring the Earth:
How long will it take and how far we need to go to measure the Earth. Similar to
the experiment “4)” above can do all for you. But all need to do is use local
time. When sun comes over head (No east or No West). And select two place A & B
of at least 2 KM distance apart NORTH and SOUTH and do the measurement same time
at both place as follows.
We can use one control place “S” in South or “N” in North about 50 Km away to
correct any minor errors from short distance “2 KM” experiment.
Example of Latitudes longitude finding at the Local time. – for tropical of
cancer @ Local time you need to find the correct time when sun is on the head
with no shadows East or West. and need to be there at LOCAL time of 12:00 NOON
which may be 12 + MM depending on the place where you go – Longitudes.
Experiments done at the Place A & B on 12 Noon IST will have shadow towards
East/West. Depending your positions in India (West/ East of 82.5 E Longitude).
And so accordingly you will get shadow East/West. Measure the length of that of
shadow of 3 Meter pole. and find the Tangent = shadow/ pole - will give u the
angle. Say example : shadow = 600 mm at that time. So 600/3000= 0.2
so anti tangent is an angle of 11o.30' degree. so you are 11..30' West/East of
IST line means IF shadow is East than U R WEST and at 82.30' - 11.30' = 71
degree East longitude.
(If shadow is in the EAST than - you are IN the East you need to do experiment
Next day before 12 IST and preferably to start more than an hour before to set
up all arrangements)
Now u find exact time when to take results of the experiment. when there is no
shadow to the EAST/WEST - at 12Noon + (11.3o' x4) = @12 + 46 PM U have 46
minutes to do that. To take the next accurate place readings. When there is no
shadow in East/West but to the NORTH/SOUTH ONLY (depending your position North
or south of the SUN in India or in the world) at that place at that time. GPS
may be in correct to show that but not the SUN.
Now measure the length of the shadow in accuracy of mm fractions @places “A”,
“B” & “N” or “S”@ same time.
If the Difference of the length of shadow is 1mm at places “A” and “B” same time
at Local time when sun comes over head –(NO shadow on East or West) the
calculations will be simplified as follows.
Anti tan 1/3000 gives the angle made by shadow on the Earth surface gives the
angle = at the centre of the Earth by the 2 KM distance on the surface of the
EARTH. Eg about 1.1' (1+') and find the Circumference of the Earth = 360 degree.
(around 40000 Km)
Similarly Controlled reading at “N” / “S” will help you to find accuracy eg long
distance measure will give more accuracy than 2KM and correct your readings from
that 50 KM distance experiments. (that will give you about 23.5mm shadow
Difference than that of “A” and 23.5+1 mm than that of “B”) so calculate the
tangent and angle and circumference of the Earth and Diameter or R for the
Earth.
TO SIMLYFY MORE and Easy work, Let One of the "N" OR "S" be Either Delhi Jantar
Mantar or JAIPUR - JANTAR MANTAR.
We are very rich in our Astronomy engineering - particularly JAIPUR is the
Richest in that sense. Jaipur has very good working observatory (VEDH SHALA)
with guiding facility.
According to an expert guide (Hanumant Singh - also expert in astronomical
calculations)- that ancient observatory place can measure 1/6 of the second in
time and that is equal to 0' 2.5" size of the angle of the sky observation
accuracy. And that all works local timing and longitude - latitude of the place.
Only the persons required to work for it.
We should utilize that place with aided observation with Venus transit of 8 June
2004. TEAM A - working with Local observatory guides and Team B working with
OPTICAL aids at the same place to complementary work. That is the best place for
us to utilize the observation at that place and that is relay a Golden
opportunity for Jaipur and users too.
(Delhi and Jaipur observatory – Vedh Shala are constructed such a way that it
can work locally @ that Longitude Latitude and also at a LOCAL time of that
place. So we do not need to find the place location of Longitude-Latitude while
working there nor the local time of that working place (Auto Sun Dial activity)
– nor we need toys like GPS nor sophisticated instruments. Not only that but
many of such astronomical activities – One like coming VENUS TRANSIT on 8 June
2004 also needs to be observed and activity to be worked in same environment
such as Local time and longitude Latitude, so many of planetarium places and
activity are just nothing in comparisons to such VITAL places as others has to
use their toys of GPS and telescopic compass and Leveling like a Theodolites).
So if we use this place on the day 8 June2004 for a Tenus Transit time activity
then instead of So called planetariums – as Venus transit is the phenomenon of
the place of JANTAR MANTAR and not Planeterium activity. – people will realize
the importance of such a place who even Astronomy lovers and planetarium
authority - who forgot that place and its importance.
World geometric dimension Table: created
Earth’s Equatorial Diameter
Equatorial Circumference 2D
Earth’s Inter Polar Diameter
Inter Polar Circumference 2D
12756 Km (E to W)
40053 KM (E to W)
12714 K m (N to S)
39900 KM (N to S)
(E to W 23:30 N/S)
(Using Tangent 23:30=0.917)
360 degree @ 23.5 Degree
36730km@Tropic of Cancer 360 deg Round the Earth
39900 KM Inter Polar
1 Degree = 60 ‘ Mins /360
=102 km = 64 Miles
1 Degree = 60 ‘ Mins /360
=110 km = 70 Miles
1’ Min = 60 “ Secs /60
=1.7 KM =1.067 Miles
1’ Min = 60 “ Secs /60
=1.84 KM =1.16 Miles
=1700 M = 5632 Feet
=1840 M = 6124 Feet
1”Sec /60
28.3 M =94 Feet
1”Sec /60
30.8 M =102 Feet
= 37 adult steps
= 18 Second’s walk
= 40 adult steps
= 20 Second’s walk
1minute walk =300feets=92M
1minute walk =300feets=92M
1hour = 5.4 Km walk
1hour = 5.4 Km walk
Dr.BHUDIA-Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
\_2004.html
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/Welcome_to_the_Board_of_"_Kutch_Science_Founda\
tion_".html
http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of India
& kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.
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BBC Science - Your personal weekly newsletter
............................................
*ROUGH SCIENCE*
The final space challenges this week are all about rockets. The Rough
Science Team work on three different kinds, all fuelled by water. Find out
which rocket will blow everyone away. Jonathan's steam-driven rocket?
Kathy's pressure-powered rocket? Mike's hydrogen fuel combustion rocket?
Tune in to find out. Rough Science, Tuesday 10 February, 7.30pm, BBC Two. Go
to:
http://www.open2.net/roughscience4
*IN THE NEWS - HUMAN CLONING*
This week, the results of an attempt to clone the first human were
announced. The cloned embryo was implanted into the mother's womb, but she
did not become pregnant. Human cloning is illegal in the UK and scientists
are sceptical, but US fertility expert Panos Zavos remains determined to
succeed. Read more on BBCi Online. Go to:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/science/05news/-/news/1/hi/health/3459009.stm
Find out more about human cloning on our genes website. Go to:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/science/05genes/-/genes/
*SPACE - FLYING VISITS*
A speedy journey around the solar system is in store as Sam Neill looks for
a place where humans could survive when the Earth gets too hot. Will we soon
be living on Mars? How will we get there? Sam explores a spacecraft that
travels to distant stars with solar sails that harness the power of the sun.
Space - Flying Visits, Tuesday 10 February, 7.10pm & 7.20pm, BBC Two. Go to:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/science/05tv/-/science/space/spaceguide/space_prog/
*ARE YOU A WORRIER?*
Are you worried that your office could be making you ill? Feeling under the
weather at your desk? "Should I Worry About..." is a brand new BBC One
series which will tackle the issues that could be making YOU lose sleep.
Suffering from headaches, coughs and sniffles at work? Think the air
conditioning could be putting your health in a spin? Is your boss stressing
you out? We want to hear from you. Go to:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/science/05tv/-/health/contributors.shtml
*TV & RADIO LISTINGS*
For a complete list of this week's BBC science and nature programmes, go to:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/go/science/05tv/-/science/tvradio/listings.shtml
............................................
To change or cancel your subscription to the Science newsletter, please go
to:
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SUB: Which WAY IS FORWARD (VEDICs) and which way is backwards? ALL GOING 2
FORWARD 2 VEDICs http://clearwisdom.net/emh/articles/2002/7/4/23692.html
NASA Following too :
http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2004/23jan_entangled.htm?list577962
January 23, 2004: Einstein called it "spooky action at a distance." Now
NASA-funded researchers are using an astonishing property of quantum mechanics
called "entanglement" to improve atomic clocks--humanity's most precise way to
measure time. Entangled clocks could be as much as 1000 times more stable than
their non-entangled counterparts.
This improvement would benefit pilots, farmers, hikers--in short, anyone who
uses the Global Positioning System (GPS). Each of the 24+ GPS satellites carries
four atomic clocks on board. By triangulating time signals broadcast from orbit,
GPS receivers on the ground can pinpoint their own location on Earth
THIS NASA LINK WILL LEAD TO : Right: Quantum entanglement does some
mind-bending things. In this laser experiment entangled photons are "teleported"
from one place to another.
this laser experiment will lead to following URL link to :
http://clearwisdom.net/emh/articles/2002/7/4/23692.html
New Advance in Teleportation of Light Beam across Time and Space (Photo)
(Clearwisdom.net) According to a Reuter's report on June 17, 2002, a team of
physicists at the Australian National University announced that they had
successfully disembodied a laser beam containing encoded information at one end
of a fiber optic communication system and instantly rebuilt it one meter away at
the other end, using the technology known as quantum entanglement.
The theory of quantum teleportation is based on "the state of quantum
entanglement." In the field of quantum mechanics, scientists discovered that
microscopic particles are connected to each other with a mysterious
interrelationship. The interrelationship changes at a speed far exceeding that
of light in a vacuum, the known speed limit for matters interacting with each
other, according to the theory of relativity. Scientists are still puzzled by
the principles underpinning this mysterious interrelationship. In fact, this
ultra-light speed relationship exists not only in a microscopic dimension but
also in the macroscopic dimension.
People who are familiar with ancient Chinese science understand that many
astrologists in ancient history could predict the major events that were going
to happen within months or even in days according to the relative position of
stars. The stars they observed were several light-years to even millions of
light-years away from earth. How could the relative positions of stars so far
away relate to what was going to happen in the human world in such a short
period of time? Just like the mysterious instant relationship among microscopic
particles, the relationship between the stars and the human world is still an
enigma to modern science.
References:
1. http://www.cnn.com/2002/TECH/science/06/17/australia.teleporting.reut/
2. http://www.anu.edu.au/pad/media/specials/teleport.html
3. http://bohm.anu.edu.au/units/public/phys1007/s3296225/quantum.html
Posting date: 7/4/2002
Original article date: 7/1/2002
Category: Scientific Findings
Chinese version available at
http://www.minghui.org/mh/articles/2002/6/29/32547.html
Forwarded By Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/venustransit_2004/President:"Kutch Science
Foundation".Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".Life
Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad". kutchscience@...,
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Dear Science and astronomy friends,
It is still too early to ask but still let us discuss what will be the best time
and places to observe the Venus transit?
Morning transit or evening transit? Clear sky or Hazy sky without clouds. and so
where we need to go to see the best?
Its good idea to think about of places and weather well in an advance before the
real phenomenon.
going back to the time of viewing the Venus transit - it will be convenient to
see in either at the place where Venus transit is in the morning time or in the
evening time. (Best will be transit with Sun rise as there will be a chance to
see all later phases of Venus
transit -later in the day)
If any one have a map of the transit where it will be visible in the morning
(with sun rise )and where in the evening (before sun set)time. that will be
better to observe the sun disk and transits of Venus with low light in morning
OR evening time. also that will give good view as that will give a wider pupil
view in the eye. and pleasant atmosphere too. bit hazy atmosphere with light fog
in air may improve the view as it gives partial filter effects.
but for that some one has to travel east or west depending of the location.
Some prefer to go to see shore- some to desert area like Kutch and some to Hill
station holiday to enjoy. But main problem is weather on the day - hope that do
not become cloudy at the time at that place.
Weather patterns nowadays are changing so unexpectedly that we can not judge the
weather in six months in advance. (generally kutch weather is clear sky in June
but last early June 2003 was well cloudy followed by plenty of rain for many
long days) so this type of changing weather pattern need to take an opinion from
weather expert well in advance but just 2-3 weeks before 8June. that will decide
where to go or not! and whether to go or not!
Time tables of some Venus transits:
Year Begin End
1518 4 Jun 22:25 5 Jun 5:34
1526 2 Jun 16:10 2 Jun 22:19
1631 7 Dec 3:37 7 Dec 7:04
1639 4 Dec 14:51 4 Dec 22:02
1761 6 Jun 1:55 6 Jun 8:43
1769 3 Jun 19:08 4 Jun 1:42
1874 9 Dec 1:38 9 Dec 6:36
1882 6 Dec 13:48 6 Dec 20:22
2004 8 Jun 5:07 8 Jun 11:33
2012 5 Jun 22:03 6 Jun 4:56
2117 10 Dec 23:54 11 Dec 5:50
2125 8 Dec 13:10 8 Dec 19:01
Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
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Dear Science and Astronomy friends,
There are many disputes, but seeing these its really looks that there are plenty
of Bluffs. recently NASA Declared galaxies are closing at the speed of 2000/s
!!! But No calculation proofs and no confirmation. We just blindly Believe BIG
names and even their bluffs and no one tries to make calculation check. Is there
any one can put some calculations? hope some one will find correction with proof
of calculations an not just Copy ditto of BIG NAMES information.
It has been found on statistics and graphical presentation that :
1) Natural satellites are going round at near about 1- 4 km /s round the
planetary bodies.(Units speed) our Moon speed <1km /s.
2) Planets are going round at near about 10- 40 km /s round the solar
systems.(tens speed) Earth 29-30 Km /s round the Sun.
3) Solar Systems are going round at near about 100- 400 km /s round the
Galaxies. (Hundreds speed) solar system 280 km /s.
4) Galaxies are going round at near about 1000+ km /s round (thousands
speed) NASA Declared galaxies are closing at the speed of 2000/s
5) If anything (Universe) going 10000-40000 speed (in a muliverse system)
Multiverse system ?? be travelling 100000 - 400000 km /s ??????? That's not the
materialistic worlds ad 300000/s speed is the speed of energy not the
materialistic matter. (INVISIBLE)
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/6
February 14, 2002 "<br>Just last night -
scientist found that Remained SUN LIFE of our SUN star can
not be greater than 3BN years as the two galaxies
(Andromeda and Milky way are closing at the speed of 2000Km
/s * 3bn years =22Mn light years ) will destroy the
stars of galaxies and the sun will neither become white
dwarf nor the red Giant.<br><br>(Calculations: speed of
2000Km /s * 3bn yers =22Mn light years )
http://www.futuresedge.org/Colliding_galaxies_2.html
When will the next galaxy hit the Milky Way? according to Dr. Sten Odenwald
with NASA's IMAGE/POETRY project:
"Well...The Milky Way is currently making a meal of the Large and Small
Magellanic Clouds and will probably finish digesting them in, say, 100 million
years or so. There are also several dwarf galaxies such as the Sagittarius
System that are also, apparently, waiting in the wings. The biggest, and most
spectacular, collision will be with the Andromeda Galaxy ( Messier 31) which is
due to visit us in about 2-3 billion years give or take a few millenia! It is
approaching the Milky Way at a speed of roughly 300 km/sec, so that in 1 billion
years it will be 300,000 parsecs closer ( roughly 1/2 its current distance). By
the time they are 100,000 parsecs apart, in about 2 billion years or so, massive
tidal gravitational effects will tear spiral arms apart and start to shred the
pinwheels from the outside-in."
What else? from our prime-radiant site: notes on Colliding and the Fate of
the Milky Way (8/3/01)
http://www.newsandevents.utoronto.ca/bin/000414b.asp
The 2.2-million-light-year gap between the Milky Way and Andromeda is closing at
about 500,000 kilometres an hour, he explains. That pace will quicken as the two
galaxies near each other.
http://science.nasa.gov/newhome/headlines/ast15jul99_2.htm
Collisions are much rarer today than they were in the past, but not impossible.
Our own spiral galaxy, the Milky Way, is currently "eating up" several small
satellite galaxies. Within 5 to 10 billion years -- some computer simulations
show -- the Milky Way may collide with the Andromeda galaxy, and the result
would be an elliptical galaxy.
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
NEW:
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
_2004.htmlhttp://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/Welcome_to_the_Board_of_"_Kutch_Science_Founda\
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Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of India
& kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
From: KutchScience
To: Science CITY GUJARAT ; kutchastronomersclub ; kutchsciencefoundation ;
scienceclubofindia
Sent: Thursday, January 08, 2004 11:17 AM
Subject: WHO IS RIGHT? http://www.futuresedge.org/Colliding_galaxies_2.htmlhttp://www.newsandevents.utoronto.ca/bin/000414b.asphttp://science.nasa.gov/newhome/headlines/ast15jul99_2.htm
Dear Science and Astronomy friends,
There are many disputes, but seeing these its really looks that there are plenty
of Bluffs. recently NASA Declared galaxies are closing at the speed of 2000/s
!!! But No calculation proofs and no confirmation. We just blindly Believe BIG
names and even their bluffs and no one tries to make calculation check. Is there
any one can put some calculations? hope some one will find correction with proof
of calculations an not just Copy ditto of BIG NAMES information.
It has been found on statistics and graphical presentation that :
1) Natural satellites are going round at near about 1- 4 km /s round the
planetary bodies.(Units speed) our Moon speed <1km /s.
2) Planets are going round at near about 10- 40 km /s round the solar
systems.(tens speed) Earth 29-30 Km /s round the Sun.
3) Solar Systems are going round at near about 100- 400 km /s round the
Galaxies. (Hundreds speed) solar system 280 km /s.
4) Galaxies are going round at near about 1000+ km /s round (thousands
speed) NASA Declared galaxies are closing at the speed of 2000/s
5) If anything (Universe) going 10000-40000 speed (in a muliverse system)
Multiverse system ?? be travelling 100000 - 400000 km /s ??????? That's not the
materialistic worlds ad 300000/s speed is the speed of energy not the
materialistic matter. (INVISIBLE)
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/6
February 14, 2002 "<br>Just last night -
scientist found that Remained SUN LIFE of our SUN star can
not be greater than 3BN years as the two galaxies
(Andromeda and Milky way are closing at the speed of 2000Km
/s * 3bn years =22Mn light years ) will destroy the
stars of galaxies and the sun will neither become white
dwarf nor the red Giant.<br><br>(Calculations: speed of
2000Km /s * 3bn yers =22Mn light years )
http://www.futuresedge.org/Colliding_galaxies_2.html
When will the next galaxy hit the Milky Way? according to Dr. Sten Odenwald
with NASA's IMAGE/POETRY project:
"Well...The Milky Way is currently making a meal of the Large and Small
Magellanic Clouds and will probably finish digesting them in, say, 100 million
years or so. There are also several dwarf galaxies such as the Sagittarius
System that are also, apparently, waiting in the wings. The biggest, and most
spectacular, collision will be with the Andromeda Galaxy ( Messier 31) which is
due to visit us in about 2-3 billion years give or take a few millenia! It is
approaching the Milky Way at a speed of roughly 300 km/sec, so that in 1 billion
years it will be 300,000 parsecs closer ( roughly 1/2 its current distance). By
the time they are 100,000 parsecs apart, in about 2 billion years or so, massive
tidal gravitational effects will tear spiral arms apart and start to shred the
pinwheels from the outside-in."
What else? from our prime-radiant site: notes on Colliding and the Fate of
the Milky Way (8/3/01)
http://www.newsandevents.utoronto.ca/bin/000414b.asp
The 2.2-million-light-year gap between the Milky Way and Andromeda is closing at
about 500,000 kilometres an hour, he explains. That pace will quicken as the two
galaxies near each other.
http://science.nasa.gov/newhome/headlines/ast15jul99_2.htm
Collisions are much rarer today than they were in the past, but not impossible.
Our own spiral galaxy, the Milky Way, is currently "eating up" several small
satellite galaxies. Within 5 to 10 billion years -- some computer simulations
show -- the Milky Way may collide with the Andromeda galaxy, and the result
would be an elliptical galaxy.
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
NEW:
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
_2004.htmlhttp://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/Welcome_to_the_Board_of_"_Kutch_Science_Founda\
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Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of India
& kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.
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Dear Astronomy and science friends,
Venus transit and AU Calculations have limitations as that is the au measured
on the day - and not the mean AU - as neither it is on the aphelion or nor on
the day of perihelion of the earth and has only one chance in that year and has
to wait for long for other chance in diff situation. Also Au calculation is to
be compared with other observation to get it right.
Uploaded :
http://f1.grp.yahoofs.com/v1/oHv-P7TUM9gTr49r8ql7vHg4zb4C3yP_bsju1DuiYrBsr3d4Opb\
1fgxah_Sd8Sg0u94305bEN48kZV2jOQka/AU%20daily.doc
One of the accurate, daily observations is timing of the sun set and its
applications in Vedic science. (pls Do your OWN calculations).
Method 1) take two indexing poles A and B and fix it upright to one of wood
base. now observe the Sun (S) from the observation point (C) so as to come all
observation point C, upper end of A, and upper end of B and LOWER BORDER -
margin of Sun S - all in one line." -> C-> A-> B-> S " First observation -
record that time with a stopwatch facility so as to record 1/10 or 1/100 sec if
you have or in round seconds if you do not have stop watch. Second observation -
now take second reading when observation point C, upper end of A, and upper end
of B and UPPER Border of Sun S - all in one line." -> C-> A-> B-> S " so record
the timing by stopping the stop watch when UPPER border comes to same line
position as above.
Take those time difference of the two recorded readings. - ANY doubt - If you
have any doubt - you can take multiple readings as plenty of chances are there
in a day - also which will help to get you daily average timings to eradicate
all errors. it will take only few minutes.
Method 2) Same readings can be recorded on VIDEO recording with grid screen
lines and clock running while recording. and many video has shutter sped of
10,000 and can be played in slow frame - by frame and as this is recorded and
you can re run by reply. no need to take multiple reading in this method. also
this ha in built clock running in the screen 1/100 or 1/1000 of the second can
be recorded to most accurate readings
Note 1) IF those readings are taken near tome of Aphelion and perihelion period
of the Earth (4Jan - 4July ) it gives that time AU and easy to find Mann AU
distance too.
Note 2) these readings are very accurate that if you take 1/100 s clock record
it gives 1/7" = 0.15" size of SUN size and with 1/1000 clock ten times more
accurate. That is equal to 10000 km and 1000 km AU accuracy respectively.
Easy Calculations : Earth moves 1 degree in 4 minutes = 240 seconds -
observation time recorder gives you the degree of the sun while Earth rotates
that much in that time.
Perihelion OBSERVATION recorded on JAN 4 144.328 sec - simple rounded - 144
seconds
144/240= 0.6 degree = 36' Sun disk diameter;
sin 36' = Sun diameter / AU (p) - perihelion;
0.009424638 = 1391980/ AU (p) ;
AU (p) = 1391980 / 0.009424638;
AU (p) - perihelion = 147695858.5 km
Aphelion OBSERVATION recorded on July 4 139.922 sec - simple rounded - 140
seconds
140/240= 0.5833 degree = 35' Sun disk diameter;
Sin 35' = Sun diameter / AU (a) - aphelion;
0.009162326 = 1391980/ AU (a) ;
AU (a) = 1391980 / 0.009162326;
AU (a) - aphelion = 151924303.9 km;
Mean AU = 151924303.9 km + 147695858.5 km X 1/2 = 149810081.2 Km.
* We can record daily observation and plot an Earth orbit with great accuracy.
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
NEW:
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Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of India
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Dear Astronomy and Science friends,
After hearing the sad news of the BEAGLE2, it looks that we lost it but
scientist do not leave any hope till the end - why? so question rise the - Where
is the BEAGLE2 ? where it can be ? how can we search for it?
There are many possibilities - let us device in three stages of it and their
chances of to being there. 1) M+1 position of mars 2) M+0 position of mars and
3) M-1 position of Mars at the time of the final leg of the landing of the
BEAGLE 2 to the MARS.
1) M+1 position of the Mars. (Beagle becomes Late)- Beagle was travelling to
wards the mars meeting point 'X' at the speed of 3km /s where Mars was
travelling at about 24km /s at the same point as we expected. means Mars was
approaching about 19 Km /s to the Beagle2 towards the meeting point 'X'
Here Beagle2 was about 5 mn km from mars to meet in 6 days time - and mars was
expected to be approaching to it to cover that 1/2 km/day. Here in this case if
Mars did OVERTOOK the Beagle2 before it reach to mars gravitation. so mars was
ahead of Beagle2 (1) M+1 position of the Mars.). then Beagle2 has continued to
travel in the same direction as it was travelling before towards the orbit of
next planetary orbits?
In that case Mars is moving 1/2 every day. so we should look with the earth
radio telescope (if it had any facility to emit radio signals tracking device
attached to beagle to trace in case it is lost in the space ????? if such a
facility was attached and activated to Beagle2???? ) / or an optical or any
other means (Hubble) telescopes in the direction in which Beagle2 was sent and
not in the direction of present Mars position.
Chances of such case are just so minor (Negligible) as Mother ship was in the
same direction reached the mars orbit.
2) M+0 position of the Mars. -(Beagle was on time)-
Most probable chance that Beagle to was on time. so it entered the mars
gravitation but was that in the parallel to the mars and Martian satellites
orbital planes? and these timing were considered when Beagle 2 was separated
from Mothership for the final leg of the journey to the Mars landing.
2A) Mars satellites are orbiting so close to Mars - if any thing goes round the
planet at less than 2.5 radius of the planet. it becomes unstable and it goes
round so violently - speedy that it goes 3-4 times round the mars in a day. like
Phobos it goes round in 7 hours - such a satellite can not be a natural
satellite so close to mars. Means this is an ADOPTED member and as it goes round
3-4 times in a Mars day, it looks that it goes WEST to East - though it may be
travelling otherwise. Phobos may will become closer in orbit as it may crash and
disappear on the Mars some time in the future. (Hope Beagle2 to was not
intercepted by PHOBOS if was that in the parallel to the mars and Martian
satellites orbital planes and crossed orbit same time as Phobos? )
2B) Deimos is speedy but it goes once round the mars in a day about 30 hours. so
it is just above the Martian Geostationary orbit. so that also unstable adopted
member. but more stable than Phobos. if that comes close to Mars geostationary
orbit than it may drop as Phobos but at a Long long time. (Hope Beagle2 to was
not intercepted by Deimos if was that in the parallel to the mars and Martian
satellites orbital planes and crossed orbit same time as Deimos? )
2C) if all was Ok and landed on the Mars but speed was unexpectedly high than
was calculated - it might crash landed on the Martian surface with the damage -
as might destroyed , signalling and radio communication damaged or antenna in
wrong direction or clock reset!!! we need to keep trying - as these are most
common possibilities. (see bottom of mail -for errors reasons of crash
landings.)
3) M-1 position of the Mars. - (Beagle was Early)- In this case beagle did
experience the Mars gravitation and may swung back by mars gravitation - in that
case beagle might come back to perihelion near the sun and during that trio it
may pass near earth orbit after six months time? we (EARTH) will be near the
same position as at the time of launch of Beagle2.
Chances of such case are minor (but greater that case 1 M+1 Mars position where
beagle was Late) as Mother ship was in the same direction reached the mars
orbit. and if we can not trace Beagle2 at all we should not forget to trace it
back this time as an near Earth object in Jun. /July 2004.
This time the BEAGAL 2 system was prepared for an IMPERIAL system so no one just
blame any mistakes of Imperial to metric conversion errors just to hide their
own mistakes of the understanding mars gravitation and Wrong calculations. Nor
will blame any one putting wrong programmes or signs - as that's all wrong as
all programmes and modules are practically ground tested before sending. BUT I
thing time will tell them to understand those own mistakes. Let us see what is
happening in 24 hours or so and on 1st of JANUARY NASA probe landing on MARS
with metric system based (system may be any thing - should not make any
difference but is some thing lands on surface at 1.5 times faster speed than
expected it does make more difference - and no other things to be blamed to
cover up just own mistakes - but need to correct them. in the future).
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/31
also posted at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/astronomyclubindia/message/999
Sent: Friday, April 25, 2003 11:49 PM
Subject: Will there be any Congestion on the mars in Christmas traffic?
Dear space - science friends,
Will there be any Congestion on the mars in Christmas traffic?
There have been many news of traffic congestion on the Mars around the
Christmas. But will there be any such traffic congestion on the Mars? Three Mars
missions are programmed in this year. And news goes on the spread just as
humours of the congestion on the Mars.
News spread and our sites and news media just copy those news and paste as such
as if that is the reality! No one thinks of the real aspects and facts remain
undisclosed.
We are expert in copying. no doubt we are the expert in that field. not only the
news but even whole of the films and so many more. We need to understand and
Forward our own thoughts and evaluate the reality on our way. Thinks of Four
dimensions of the space. - three dimensions of the space and a time factor for
the space travel. any two or three mars crafts of meter of size can not make any
congestion on the Mars Surface at all. and there is fourth factor of the time -
each one is not expected at the same time to make any congestion.
Reality mars area and gravitation. infect there are many reasons to have
multiple mars mission in short interval of time. (same time - area). mars has
nearly same surface LAND area as that of the earth land area(1/3 of total
surface of the earth) and for such a big surface area, three small modules will
be like a LOST on The MARS rather than a congestion on the MARS. We do remember
last failure and crash land and disputes. there was a calculation error of the
gravitational acceleration on the mars and so crash landed (over speed of
landing resulting the damage of the function of the last mission). argue was
that the system failed because of the Metric and imperial system mistakes. So
miss-judgement of the gravitation of mars resulted in accelerated landing
resulted in failure of the mission. Actually that was more complicated than that
was disputed for.
Comparison with Earth, Moon and Sun gravitation with that of Mars. Suns
gravitation is nearly equal in comparison to MOON and Earth as those both are
nearly Equidistance from the Sun. When we think of landing acceleration and
MARS-G for the Mars, we need to see back to SUN as well. As sun is approximately
1.5 (1.5AU) time further from the mars, sun's gravitation is reduced by
1/(1.5x1.5) = 1/2.25 = 0.44 and that make MARS to enhance its own gravitation to
accelerate the landing probe on the MARS surface.
Which was not the problem with Moon landing calculations. and here we do not
have any option. we learned from previous failure and we need to correct this
time.
Chances of Success are 30 to 50 according to the probe BEAGAL designer, so
instead of the single we should plan multiple mission at the appropriate time
(EK SE DO BHALA), else schedule for next mission will be pushed back for our
Mars expedition mission. and there are chances that any one can miss the target
mission (we failed last one and if still if we miss one of three , still there
will be two to communicate or help each other). And there is also a competition
of successful Mars Mission. NASA and ESA all are trying to make first success of
their mission to the Mars. More than two missions are essential for these
reasons and also multiple functions can be carried out instead of the repeated
missions which may waste time.
If any case any one fails, still the two working probes can communicate via
earth station. may help each other to find the cause of any failure. even track
each other. and if it happened so that will be a miracle to find and trace the
faulty probe on SUCH A BIG SURFACE AREA OF THE MARS. and I am sure there will
not be any congestion but that will be like a mission of the "lost on the Mars".
and if it happened that way a BIG Sci fi movie will be on the way for that "lost
on the Mars". and we are always ready to copy it again as we copy on the news.
Trace the other and Communication among the working probes is also not an easy
task. searching for the companion will be a big job for each other. a single
message will take at least 4 minutes (Approximate 73,000,000 km / 3, 00,000 km
/s speed of message= 243 seconds) to reach on the Mars (only one way message
transmission). and to see other partner and if found, send pictures back to
earth is a really tough job, time consuming and lot of patience will require
handling it rather than a congestion issue on the MARS.
Finding probes and Mars Obiter? could be easier if the Mars orbital is left in
the ORBIT around the Mars to make the communication and tracking device
assistance. (as was the case in the Moon landing - Lunar landing Module and
Lunar orbital - Returning Craft)
Science Fiction & films - if any exiting thing happed, that will give rise to
the next big movie of Mars expedition and Sci fi film. but that depend what will
happen. Hope our film industry will follow their steps behind them. Needs step
ahead for such an action, what might happen rather that what has happened, for
the inspiration of the science in our scientific society to enhance the
scientific thinking and encouragement. we should be ready to offer all the
support for such a sci fi activity for our society. Hope some one will come
forward to think about it.
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/50
also Posted at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/astronomyclubindia/message/1552
Sent: Saturday, December 06, 2003 9:09 PM
Subject: Dear Science and Astronomy friends, Time to Be ready to celebrate
Christmas on Mars.
Sent: Friday, April 25, 2003 11:45 PM
3) C) MARS Gravitation field (not the MARS - G )
Distance from the Sun = 227.9 mn Km. MARS G = 0.38 (Earth G =1)
Mars Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass
Sun mass = 3084112 Mars mass.
For that let us take square root of 3084112= 1756, from the Sun 1756 d and 1d
from the MARS = 1757 d,
Now let us divide the Distance from the Sun 227.9 mn Km / 1757 = 129709 km =
1d,
If we stay at distance from the Mars at 1 d =129709 km and 1756 d from the Sun
- Sun gravitation will be reduced by 1756 x1756=3083636, mean will be equal to
that of the Mars at that point in the space.
Looking at the Mars data though Mars G is only = 0.38 (Earth G =1) and Mars
Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass, the gravitational field is wider than the expected
(nearly half of that of the Earth, (Mars at 1 d =129709 km - as for the Earth
1d =260173 km).
That is how the Mars has comparative more influence on gravity at that place in
space. And starts dragging objects and accelerating quite earlier than we think
and more time gives more speed of probes to wards the mars surface - and speed
is gained more than we think (speed will be an initial speed + gt) towards the
Mars.
Try to swap the place of the Mars and earth and re calculate all data. And see
what happens to their gravitational field area. Which one shrinks and which one
swells up and how much? What will be the effects on the speeds for descents?
So we need to plan more deceleration on the descents of the probes. Even space
shuttle retrograde propellers could reduce the speed of entry to save from
friction heat in the case of damaged surface.
We should keep in mind that Astronauts travelling to ISS never feel the
acceleration of Earth G but Deceleration of the Earth G. those orbits are well
below the Gravitational field limit of the Earth. E.G. lower orbits from 300 to
800 and geosichronising orbits to 36000 Km. But those all orbits are still well
below the Gravitational field limit of the Earth, Higher the orbit slower the
circular speed of the Body in the orbit. ranging from 90 minutes to a day for a
single circle.
If the body travel from OUTSIDE of Earth gravitation files of Earth towards the
Earth and if Enters the Earth G Field - it feels the acceleration of earth G
depending on the enter angle to the Earth G sphere. and accordingly bends the
path of the travel. May pass in the field or divert the path in the space. .
E.G. satellites orbiting earth at about 36000 Km is about six times above the
earth centre and the G falls to about 1/6 X 1/6 = 1/36 so G =980/36 CM = only
27.22 CM, while body at the height of Earth G boundary at 260 000 km it has G of
less than a 1/2CM and tends to ZERO if the body just slides the Earth G sphere -
means may not enter at all to the earth G filed and NO EARTH G is applicable to
that body.
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
NEW:
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
_2004.htmlhttp://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/Welcome_to_the_Board_of_"_Kutch_Science_Founda\
tion_".html
HOME: http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of India
& kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Sent: Thursday, December 25, 2003 11:17 AM
Subject: Has Begal 2 Crash Landed? let ufs find out TONIGHT !
Dear Science and Astronomy Friends,
Its Very sad to know that Begal 2 is not working properly, but not
unexpectedly. as chances of success are just ranging from 1/3 to 1/2
ONLY. let us know tonight to attempt to revive the Mars BEGAL 2 probe.
This time the BEGAL 2 system was prepared for an IMPERIAL system so
no one just blame any mistakes of Imperial to metric conversion
errors just to hide their own mistakes of the understanding mars
gravitation and Wrong calculations. Nor will blame any one putting
wrong programmes or signs - as that's all wrong as all programmes and
modules are practically ground tested before sending. BUT I thing
time will tell them to understand those own mistakes. Let us see what
is happening in 24 hours or so and on 1st of JANUARY NASA probe
landing on MARS with metric system based (system may be any thing -
should not make any difference but is some thing lands on surface at
1.5 times faster speed than expected it does make more difference -
and no other things to be blamed to cover up just own mistakes - but
need to correct them. in the future).
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/31
also posted at
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/astronomyclubindia/message/999
Sent: Friday, April 25, 2003 11:49 PM
Subject: Will there be any Congestion on the mars in Christmas
traffic?
Dear space - science friends,
Will there be any Congestion on the mars in Christmas traffic?
There have been many news of traffic congestion on the Mars around
the Christmas. But will there be any such traffic congestion on the
Mars? Three Mars missions are programmed in this year. And news goes
on the spread just as humours of the congestion on the Mars.
News spread and our sites and news media just copy those news and
paste as such as if that is the reality! No one thinks of the real
aspects and facts remain undisclosed.
We are expert in copying. no doubt we are the expert in that field.
not only the news but even whole of the films and so many more. We
need to understand and Forward our own thoughts and evaluate the
reality on our way. Thinks of Four dimensions of the space. - three
dimensions of the space and a time factor for the space travel. any
two or three mars crafts of meter of size can not make any congestion
on the Mars Surface at all. and there is fourth factor of the time -
each one is not expected at the same time to make any congestion.
Reality mars area and gravitation. infect there are many reasons to
have multiple mars mission in short interval of time. (same time -
area). mars has nearly same surface LAND area as that of the earth
land area(1/3 of total surface of the earth) and for such a big
surface area, three small modules will be like a LOST on The MARS
rather than a congestion on the MARS. We do remember last failure and
crash land and disputes. there was a calculation error of the
gravitational acceleration on the mars and so crash landed (over
speed of landing resulting the damage of the function of the last
mission). argue was that the system failed because of the Metric and
imperial system mistakes. So miss-judgement of the gravitation of
mars resulted in accelerated landing resulted in failure of the
mission. Actually that was more complicated than that was disputed
for.
Comparison with Earth, Moon and Sun gravitation with that of Mars.
Suns gravitation is nearly equal in comparison to MOON and Earth as
those both are nearly Equidistance from the Sun. When we think of
landing acceleration and MARS-g for the Mars, we need to see back to
SUN as well. As sun is approximately 1.5 (1.5AU) time further from
the mars, sun's gravitation is reduced by 1/(1.5x1.5) = 1/2.25 = 0.44
and that make MARS to enhance its own gravitation to accelerate the
landing probe on the MARS surface.
Which was not the problem with Moon landing calculations. and here we
do not have any option. we learned from previous failure and we need
to correct this time.
Chances of Success are 50 -50 according to the probe BEEGAL2
designer, so instead of the single we should plan multiple mission at
the appropriate time (EK SE DO BHALA), else schedule for next mission
will be pushed back for our Mars expedition mission. and there are
chances that any one can miss the target mission (we failed last one
and if still if we miss one of three , still there will be two to
communicate or help each other). And there is also a competition of
successful Mars Mission. NASA and ESA all are trying to make first
success of their mission to the Mars. More than two missions are
essential for these reasons and also multiple functions can be
carried out instead of the repeated missions which may waste time.
If any case any one fails, still the two working probes can
communicate via earth station. may help each other to find the cause
of any failure. even track each other. and if it happened so that
will be a miracle to find and trace the faulty probe on SUCH A BIG
SURFACE AREA OF THE MARS. and I am sure there will not be any
congestion but that will be like a mission of the "lost on the Mars".
and if it happened that way a BIG Sci fi movie will be on the way for
that "lost on the Mars". and we are always ready to copy it again as
we copy on the news.
Trace the other and Communication among the working probes is also
not an easy task. searching for the companion will be a big job for
each other. a single message will take at least 4 minutes
(Approximate 73,000,000 km / 3, 00,000 km /s speed of message= 243
seconds) to reach on the Mars (only one way message transmission).
and to see other partner and if found, send pictures back to earth is
a really tough job, time consuming and lot of patience will require
handling it rather than a congestion issue on the MARS.
Finding probes and Mars Obiter? could be easier if the Mars orbital
is left in the ORBIT around the Mars to make the communication and
tracking device assistance. (as was the case in the Moon landing -
Lunar landing Module and Lunar orbital - Returning Craft)
Science Fiction & films - if any exiting thing happed, that will give
rise to the next big movie of Mars expedition and Sci fi film. but
that depend what will happen. Hope our film industry will follow
their steps behind them. Needs step ahead for such an action, what
might happen rather that what has happened, for the inspiration of
the science in our scientific society to enhance the scientific
thinking and encouragement. we should be ready to offer all the
support for such a sci fi activity for our society. Hope some one
will come forward to think about it.
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/50
also Posted at
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/astronomyclubindia/message/1552
Sent: Saturday, December 06, 2003 9:09 PM
Subject: Dear Science and Astronomy friends, Time to Be ready to
celebrate Christmas on Mars.
Sent: Friday, April 25, 2003 11:45 PM
3) C) MARS Gravitation field (not the MARS - G )
Distance from the Sun = 227.9 mn Km. MARS G = 0.38 (Earth G
=1) Mars Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass
Sun mass = 3084112 Mars mass.
For that let us take square root of 3084112= 1756, from the Sun 1756
d and 1d from the MARS = 1757 d,
Now let us divide the Distance from the Sun 227.9 mn Km / 1757 =
129709 km = 1d,
If we stay at distance from the Mars at 1 d =129709 km and 1756 d
from the Sun – Sun gravitation will be reduced by 1756 x1756=3083636,
mean will be equal to that of the Mars at that point in the space.
Looking at the Mars data though Mars G is only = 0.38 (Earth G =1)
and Mars Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass, the gravitational field is wider
than the expected (nearly half of that of the Earth, (Mars at 1 d
=129709 km – as for the Earth 1d =260173 km).
That is how the Mars has comparative more influence on gravity at
that place in space. And starts dragging objects and accelerating
quite earlier than we think and more time gives more speed of probes
to wards the mars surface – and speed is gained more than we think
(speed = gt) towards the Mars.
Try to swap the place of the Mars and earth and re calculate all
data. And see what happens to their gravitational field area. Which
one shrinks and which one swells up and how much? What will be the
effects on the speeds for descents?
So we need to plan more deceleration on the descents of the probes.
Even space shuttle retrograde propellers could reduce the speed of
entry to save from friction heat in the case of damaged surface.
We should keep in mind that Astronauts travelling to ISS never feel
the acceleration of Earth G but Deceleration of the Earth G. those
orbits are well below the Gravitational field limit of the Earth.
E.G. lower orbits from 300 to 800 and geosichronising orbits to 36000
Km. But those all orbits are still well below the Gravitational field
limit of the Earth, Higher the orbit slower the circular speed of the
Body in the orbit. ranging from 90 minutes to a day for a single
circle.
If the body travel from OUTSIDE of Earth gravitation files of Earth
towards the Earth and if Enters the Earth G Field - it feels the
acceleration of earth G depending on the enter angle to the Earth G
sphere. and accordingly bends the path of the travel. May pass in the
field or divert the path in the space. .
E.G. satellites orbiting earth at about 36000 Km is about six times
above the earth centre and the G falls to about 1/6 X 1/6 = 1/36 so G
=980/36 CM = only 27.22 CM, while body at the height of Earth G
boundary at 260 000 km it has G of less than a 1/2CM and tends to
ZERO if the body just slides the Earth G sphere - means may not enter
at all to the earth G filed and NO EARTH G is applicable to that
body.
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
NEW:
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Grou
p_Of_INDIA_2004.html
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/Welcome_to_the_Board_of_"_Kutch_Scie
nce_Foundation_".html
HOME: http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science
Group of India & kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.
Dear Science and Astronomy Friends,
Its Very sad to know that Begal 2 is not working properly, but not unexpectedly.
as chances of success are just ranging from 1/3 to 1/2 ONLY. let us know tonight
to attempt to revive the Mars BEGAL 2 probe.
This time the BEGAL 2 system was prepared for an IMPERIAL system so no one just
blame any mistakes of Imperial to metric conversion errors just to hide their
own mistakes of the understanding mars gravitation and Wrong calculations. Nor
will blame any one putting wrong programmes or signs - as that's all wrong as
all programmes and modules are practically ground tested before sending. BUT I
thing time will tell them to understand those own mistakes. Let us see what is
happening in 24 hours or so and on 1st of JANUARY NASA probe landing on MARS
with metric system based (system may be any thing - should not make any
difference but is some thing lands on surface at 1.5 times faster speed than
expected it does make more difference - and no other things to be blamed to
cover up just own mistakes - but need to correct them. in the future).
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/31
also posted at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/astronomyclubindia/message/999
Sent: Friday, April 25, 2003 11:49 PM
Subject: Will there be any Congestion on the mars in Christmas traffic?
Dear space - science friends,
Will there be any Congestion on the mars in Christmas traffic?
There have been many news of traffic congestion on the Mars around the
Christmas. But will there be any such traffic congestion on the Mars? Three Mars
missions are programmed in this year. And news goes on the spread just as
humours of the congestion on the Mars.
News spread and our sites and news media just copy those news and paste as such
as if that is the reality! No one thinks of the real aspects and facts remain
undisclosed.
We are expert in copying. no doubt we are the expert in that field. not only the
news but even whole of the films and so many more. We need to understand and
Forward our own thoughts and evaluate the reality on our way. Thinks of Four
dimensions of the space. - three dimensions of the space and a time factor for
the space travel. any two or three mars crafts of meter of size can not make any
congestion on the Mars Surface at all. and there is fourth factor of the time -
each one is not expected at the same time to make any congestion.
Reality mars area and gravitation. infect there are many reasons to have
multiple mars mission in short interval of time. (same time - area). mars has
nearly same surface LAND area as that of the earth land area(1/3 of total
surface of the earth) and for such a big surface area, three small modules will
be like a LOST on The MARS rather than a congestion on the MARS. We do remember
last failure and crash land and disputes. there was a calculation error of the
gravitational acceleration on the mars and so crash landed (over speed of
landing resulting the damage of the function of the last mission). argue was
that the system failed because of the Metric and imperial system mistakes. So
miss-judgement of the gravitation of mars resulted in accelerated landing
resulted in failure of the mission. Actually that was more complicated than that
was disputed for.
Comparison with Earth, Moon and Sun gravitation with that of Mars. Suns
gravitation is nearly equal in comparison to MOON and Earth as those both are
nearly Equidistance from the Sun. When we think of landing acceleration and
MARS-g for the Mars, we need to see back to SUN as well. As sun is approximately
1.5 (1.5AU) time further from the mars, sun's gravitation is reduced by
1/(1.5x1.5) = 1/2.25 = 0.44 and that make MARS to enhance its own gravitation to
accelerate the landing probe on the MARS surface.
Which was not the problem with Moon landing calculations. and here we do not
have any option. we learned from previous failure and we need to correct this
time.
Chances of Success are 50 -50 according to the probe BEEGAL2 designer, so
instead of the single we should plan multiple mission at the appropriate time
(EK SE DO BHALA), else schedule for next mission will be pushed back for our
Mars expedition mission. and there are chances that any one can miss the target
mission (we failed last one and if still if we miss one of three , still there
will be two to communicate or help each other). And there is also a competition
of successful Mars Mission. NASA and ESA all are trying to make first success of
their mission to the Mars. More than two missions are essential for these
reasons and also multiple functions can be carried out instead of the repeated
missions which may waste time.
If any case any one fails, still the two working probes can communicate via
earth station. may help each other to find the cause of any failure. even track
each other. and if it happened so that will be a miracle to find and trace the
faulty probe on SUCH A BIG SURFACE AREA OF THE MARS. and I am sure there will
not be any congestion but that will be like a mission of the "lost on the Mars".
and if it happened that way a BIG Sci fi movie will be on the way for that "lost
on the Mars". and we are always ready to copy it again as we copy on the news.
Trace the other and Communication among the working probes is also not an easy
task. searching for the companion will be a big job for each other. a single
message will take at least 4 minutes (Approximate 73,000,000 km / 3, 00,000 km
/s speed of message= 243 seconds) to reach on the Mars (only one way message
transmission). and to see other partner and if found, send pictures back to
earth is a really tough job, time consuming and lot of patience will require
handling it rather than a congestion issue on the MARS.
Finding probes and Mars Obiter? could be easier if the Mars orbital is left in
the ORBIT around the Mars to make the communication and tracking device
assistance. (as was the case in the Moon landing - Lunar landing Module and
Lunar orbital - Returning Craft)
Science Fiction & films - if any exiting thing happed, that will give rise to
the next big movie of Mars expedition and Sci fi film. but that depend what will
happen. Hope our film industry will follow their steps behind them. Needs step
ahead for such an action, what might happen rather that what has happened, for
the inspiration of the science in our scientific society to enhance the
scientific thinking and encouragement. we should be ready to offer all the
support for such a sci fi activity for our society. Hope some one will come
forward to think about it.
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/50
also Posted at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/astronomyclubindia/message/1552
Sent: Saturday, December 06, 2003 9:09 PM
Subject: Dear Science and Astronomy friends, Time to Be ready to celebrate
Christmas on Mars.
Sent: Friday, April 25, 2003 11:45 PM
3) C) MARS Gravitation field (not the MARS - G )
Distance from the Sun = 227.9 mn Km. MARS G = 0.38 (Earth G =1)
Mars Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass
Sun mass = 3084112 Mars mass.
For that let us take square root of 3084112= 1756, from the Sun 1756 d and 1d
from the MARS = 1757 d,
Now let us divide the Distance from the Sun 227.9 mn Km / 1757 = 129709 km =
1d,
If we stay at distance from the Mars at 1 d =129709 km and 1756 d from the Sun
- Sun gravitation will be reduced by 1756 x1756=3083636, mean will be equal to
that of the Mars at that point in the space.
Looking at the Mars data though Mars G is only = 0.38 (Earth G =1) and Mars
Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass, the gravitational field is wider than the expected
(nearly half of that of the Earth, (Mars at 1 d =129709 km - as for the Earth
1d =260173 km).
That is how the Mars has comparative more influence on gravity at that place in
space. And starts dragging objects and accelerating quite earlier than we think
and more time gives more speed of probes to wards the mars surface - and speed
is gained more than we think (speed = gt) towards the Mars.
Try to swap the place of the Mars and earth and re calculate all data. And see
what happens to their gravitational field area. Which one shrinks and which one
swells up and how much? What will be the effects on the speeds for descents?
So we need to plan more deceleration on the descents of the probes. Even space
shuttle retrograde propellers could reduce the speed of entry to save from
friction heat in the case of damaged surface.
We should keep in mind that Astronauts travelling to ISS never feel the
acceleration of Earth G but Deceleration of the Earth G. those orbits are well
below the Gravitational field limit of the Earth. E.G. lower orbits from 300 to
800 and geosichronising orbits to 36000 Km. But those all orbits are still well
below the Gravitational field limit of the Earth, Higher the orbit slower the
circular speed of the Body in the orbit. ranging from 90 minutes to a day for a
single circle.
If the body travel from OUTSIDE of Earth gravitation files of Earth towards the
Earth and if Enters the Earth G Field - it feels the acceleration of earth G
depending on the enter angle to the Earth G sphere. and accordingly bends the
path of the travel. May pass in the field or divert the path in the space. .
E.G. satellites orbiting earth at about 36000 Km is about six times above the
earth centre and the G falls to about 1/6 X 1/6 = 1/36 so G =980/36 CM = only
27.22 CM, while body at the height of Earth G boundary at 260 000 km it has G of
less than a 1/2CM and tends to ZERO if the body just slides the Earth G sphere -
means may not enter at all to the earth G filed and NO EARTH G is applicable to
that body.
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
NEW:
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
_2004.htmlhttp://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/Welcome_to_the_Board_of_"_Kutch_Science_Founda\
tion_".html
HOME: http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of India
& kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
From: KutchScience
"MARS LANDING BEGAL2:1" ( Welcome to My Room ) Dr. BHUDIA: we will come on Live
on this "MARS LANDING BEGAL2:1" 25DEC2003 marry Christmas
DR. BHUDIA says: "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004:1" ( Welcome to My Room ) Dr. BHUDIA:
we will come on Live on this "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004:1" on 8 th June 2004
Dear space - science friends,
3) C) MARS Gravitation field (not the MARS - G )
Distance from the Sun = 227.9 mn Km. MARS G = 0.38 (Earth G =1)
Mars Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass
Sun mass = 3084112 Mars mass.
For that let us take square root of 3084112= 1756, from the Sun 1756 d and 1d
from the MARS = 1757 d,
Now let us divide the Distance from the Sun 227.9 mn Km / 1757 = 129709 km =
1d,
If we stay at distance from the Mars at 1 d =129709 km and 1756 d from the Sun
- Sun gravitation will be reduced by 1756 x1756=3083636, mean will be equal to
that of the Mars at that point in the space.
Looking at the Mars data though Mars G is only = 0.38 (Earth G =1) and Mars
Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass, the gravitational field is wider than the expected
(nearly half of that of the Earth, (Mars at 1 d =129709 km - as for the Earth
1d =260173 km).
That is how the Mars has comparative more influence on gravity at that place in
space. And starts dragging objects and accelerating quite earlier than we think
and more time gives more speed of probes to wards the mars surface - and speed
is gained more than we think (speed = gt) towards the Mars.
Try to swap the place of the Mars and earth and re calculate all data. And see
what happens to their gravitational field area. Which one shrinks and which one
swells up and how much? What will be the effects on the speeds for descents?
So we need to plan more deceleration on the descents of the probes. Even space
shuttle retrograde propellers could reduce the speed of entry to save from
friction heat in the case of damaged surface.
We should keep in mind that Astronauts travelling to ISS never feel the
acceleration of Earth G but Deceleration of the Earth G. those orbits are well
below the Gravitational field limit of the Earth. E.G. lower orbits from 300 to
800 and geosichronising orbits to 36000 Km. But those all orbits are still well
below the Gravitational field limit of the Earth, Higher the orbit slower the
circular speed of the Body in the orbit. ranging from 90 minutes to a day for a
single circle.
If the body travel from OUTSIDE of Earth gravitation files of Earth towards the
Earth and if Enters the Earth G Field - it feels the acceleration of earth G
depending on the enter angle to the Earth G sphere. and accordingly bends the
path of the travel. May pass in the field or divert the path in the space. .
E.G. satellites orbiting earth at about 36000 Km is about six times above the
earth centre and the G falls to about 1/6 X 1/6 = 1/36 so G =980/36 CM = only
27.22 CM, while body at the height of Earth G boundary at 260 000 km it has G of
less than a 1/2CM and tends to ZERO if the body just slides the Earth G sphere -
means may not enter at all to the earth G filed and NO EARTH G is applicable to
that body.
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
NEW:
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
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Dear Science and Astronomy friends,
Now a days two bright planets are seen in droad day lights.
1) Information about Jupiter for 21 Dec 2003 07:00:18 (Magnitude: -2.1)
(Julian day number 2452994.56271)
Local Information
Apparent topocentric coordinates for the epoch of date:
Right ascension: 11h 19m 52.41s
Declination: +5° 34' 39.4"
Constellation: Leo
Altitude: 70° 26' 34"
Azimuth: 228° 50' 2"
Rise: 23h 48m 54s
Transit: 6h 1m 46s
Set: 12h 10m 53s
Star atlas chart numbers:
Herald-Bobroff Astroatlas, Chart C-48
Millennium Star Atlas, Charts 753-754 (Vol II)
Sky Atlas 2000.0, Chart 13
Uranometria 2000 Chart 191, Vol 1
Geocentric Information
Apparent geocentric coordinates for the epoch of date:
Right ascension: 11h 19m 52.441s
Declination: +5° 34' 39.77"
True distance: 5.1408734 AU (769 million km)
Horizontal parallax: 1.71"
Heliocentric Information
Ecliptic coordinates for the epoch of date:
Ecliptic longitude: 158° 16' 10.0"
Ecliptic latitude: +1° 6' 8.2"
Radius vector: 5.4018270 AU (808 million km)
Physical Information
Magnitude: -2.1
Phase: 0.992
Phase angle: 10.3°
Elongation: 100.2°
Equatorial diameter: 38.30"
Polar diameter: 35.81"
Light time: 0h 42m 45.3s
Central meridian longitudes:
System I: 23.0°
System II: 99.4°
Position angle of the north pole: 25.2°
Mass: 1.8988e+027 kg (317.8 x Earth)
Mean equatorial radius: 71492 km (11.21 x Earth)
Maximum angular diameter: 46.9"
Minimum geocentric distance: 4.203 AU
Geometric flattening: 0.064874
Sidereal rotation period (System III): 0d 9h 55m 30s
Mean density: 1.33 g/cm^3
Geometric albedo: 0.52
Satellite Information
Name X Y State
Io (I) 2.5614 -0.1418
Europa (II) -8.7126 0.1343
Ganymede (III) 15.0015 0.0224
Callisto (IV) 16.5772 0.4898
2) Information about Venus for 21 Dec 2003 18:00:18 (Magnitude: -4.0)
(Julian day number 2452995.02104)
Local Information
Apparent topocentric coordinates for the epoch of date:
Right ascension: 20h 11m 39.97s
Declination: -21° 51' 21.3"
Constellation: Capricornus
Altitude: 28° 27' 23"
Azimuth: 230° 43' 3"
Rise: 9h 20m 19s
Transit: 14h 51m 26s
Set: 20h 22m 45s
Star atlas chart numbers:
Herald-Bobroff Astroatlas, Chart C-60
Millennium Star Atlas, Charts 1385-1386 (Vol III)
Sky Atlas 2000.0, Chart 23
Uranometria 2000 Chart 343, Vol 2
Geocentric Information
Apparent geocentric coordinates for the epoch of date:
Right ascension: 20h 11m 40.292s
Declination: -21° 51' 17.86"
True distance: 1.3617730 AU (204 million km)
Horizontal parallax: 6.46"
Heliocentric Information
Ecliptic coordinates for the epoch of date:
Ecliptic longitude: 344° 43' 52.1"
Ecliptic latitude: -3° 23' 33.8"
Radius vector: 0.7273937 AU (109 million km)
Physical Information Magnitude: -4.0
Phase: 0.857
Phase angle: 44.4°
Elongation: 31.1°
Diameter: 12.25"
Light time: 0h 11m 19.6s
Position angle of the bright limb: 260.5°
Mass: 4.8690e+024 kg (0.815 x Earth)
Mean equatorial radius: 6051.8 km (0.9488 x Earth)
Maximum angular diameter: 60.2"
Minimum geocentric distance: 0.277 AU
Geometric flattening: 0
Sidereal rotation period: 243d 0h 26m 56s (retrograde)
Mean density: 5.24 g/cm^3
Geometric albedo: 0.65
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
NEW:
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
_2004.htmlhttp://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/Welcome_to_the_Board_of_"_Kutch_Science_Founda\
tion_".html
HOME: http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of India
& kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Sent: Friday, December 19, 2003 7:02 PM
Subject: "MARS LANDING BEGAL2" & "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004"
From: KutchScience
"MARS LANDING BEGAL2:1" ( Welcome to My Room ) Dr. BHUDIA: we will come on Live
on this "MARS LANDING BEGAL2:1" 25DEC2003 marry Christmas
DR. BHUDIA says: "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004:1" ( Welcome to My Room ) Dr. BHUDIA:
we will come on Live on this "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004:1" on 8 th June 2004
Dear space - science friends,
Gravitational fields can shrink or swell - with the influence of the gravitation
of other powerful objects - body in the space.
Let us start with some simple examples to understand the gravitational fields
and shrinking and bulging of the fields.
1) A) Sun and Jupiter and its gravitational comparisons.
Sun and Jupiter has nearly the same specific gravity of the matter of the Sun
and Jupiter - so we choose them for easy comparison.
Sun has approximate 1000 Jupiter mass. So Sun can generate 1000 times
gravitation than that of Jupiter. But gravitation is also inversely proportional
to the distance.
So if go square root of 1000 = 31.62 times far from Sun - suns gravitation force
is reduced to 1/1000 at that point in the space.
Now if we remain 1d from Jupiter and 31.62d from Sun and find that place the
gravitations of both will be neutral for each other. Let us find that place. Let
us divide the Distance of Sun and a Jupiter by 31.62+1= 32.62d, So 778, 000, 000
/ 32.62 = 2,38, 000 00 Km, so d = 23800000 km is the distance where Jupiter
satellites (last satellite - 23700000 Km SINOPE ) can go round the Jupiter. Any
thing beyond that will be dragged by sun gravitation. No satellite can exist
beyond this limit for Jupiter at that place. (If place is swapped for Saturn
than Jupiter gravitational field will swell up nearly 4 times)
1) B) Now let us find how big the gravitational field of the Saturn is!
Sun has approximate 3473 Saturn mass. So Sun can generate 3473 times gravitation
than that of Saturn. But gravitation is also inversely proportional to the
distance.
So if go square root of 3473 = 58.93, times far from Sun - suns gravitation
force is reduced to 1/3473 at that point in the space.
Now if we remain at 1d from Saturn and 58.93 d from Sun and find that place, the
gravitations of both will be neutralised for each other. Let us find that place.
Let us divide the Distance of Sun and a Jupiter by 58.93+1= 59.93d, So 1427,
000, 000 / 59.93 = 2,38, 000 00 Km, so d = 23800000 km is the distance where
Saturn satellites can go round the Jupiter. (But the last satellite -129,52,
000 Km , so many more need to find beyond these satellites).
Surprisingly! Looking at the Data below and both gravitational fields above of
Jupiter and Saturn Both have the nearly same area though the actual gravitation
of Saturn is less than the that of the Earth G and Mass of Saturn is much less
than that of Jupiter. The reason as the distance of Saturn from the Sun is
nearly twice than that of Jupiter from the Sun, so the gravitation of sun
reduces near Saturn about Ľ of that is at the place near the Jupiter.
2) A) Comparison of the Jupiter and Saturn in relation to their
gravitational fields and power:
Jupiter Distance from the Sun= 778.3 mn Km
Saturn Distance from the Sun= 1427 mn Km
Jupiter Mass = 318 Earth Mass
Saturn Mass = 95 Earth Mass
Jupiter Gravitation = ??? Find Out (Earth G =1)
Saturn Gravitation = ?? FindOut (Earth G =1)
Q 1:- As Saturn has the Mass of ONLY 0.3 Mass of Jupiter - does Saturn has
gravitational field of 0.3 of that of Jupiter? No because Last satellite of
Saturn is furtherer than that Distance. Nearly at half distance 129,52,000Km
Q 2:- G of Saturn is less that that of the Earth G but why satellites of Saturn
are beyond that limits? Because Saturn's bigger Gravitational field (nearly
equal to that of Jupiter) extending big as that of Jupiter-23800000 km.
JUPITER: As Jupiter Mass is 318 times that of Earth and Ratio of the radius of
the Jupiter and Earth is = 71492/6378= 11.209.
Jupiter G is proportional to Mass and inverse of square of radius ratio -
distance will be as follows.
11.21 x 11.21= 125.64
318/125.64 = 2.53 Earth G - SO Jupiter Gravitation is about approximates to 2.5
times that of our Earth.
Similarly find out Saturn gravitation will be about 0.93 G Earth - nearly to
Earth.
3) *) Similarly Earth and Moon Gravitational calculation can be done by
school Maths, and if you can, see those gravitational fields of the Earth and
the Moon are separated with a gape of dominant sun gravitation in between as in
the case of interplanetary gravitation of the sun between to planetary orbits.
When ever some one forgets to consider such minute calculations - of the
shrinking - and widening of gravitational fields because of other power of
gravitation or EM G , it fails the mission, it can be any one even NASA.
3) A)
Let Us check that with simple maths checks for the Earth & our Moon. And next
door neighbour Mars.
Earth Distance from the Sun= 149.6 mn Km Mars
Distance from the Sun= 175.6 mn Km
Eath Mass = 1 Mars
Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass
Earth Gravitation = 1 = 9.8/ s.s (Earth G =1) Mars
Gravitation = .38 (Earth G =1)
EARTH Gravitation field (not the Earth G )
Mass of the Sun is about 330 000 times that of the Earth so gravitation is
proportional to Mass = 330 000 time that of the Earth.
So let us go far from Sun and close to the Earth at distance "d" again. And find
that mathematical d for our Earth and Moon.
For that let us take square root of 330 000 = 574 d from the Sun and 1d from the
earth = 575 d,
Now let us divide the Distance from the Sun 149.6 mn Km / 575 = 260173 km = 1d,
If we stay at distance from the earth at 1 d =260173km and 574 d from the sun -
sun gravitation will be reduced by 574x574= 330 000, mean will be equal to that
of the earth at that point in the space.
Here any thing passing inside 260173 km from the earth will be diverted towards
the Earth but rest will go towards the Sun.
3) B) Similarly MOON Gravitation field (not the Moon G )
Mass of the Sun is about 27083333 times that of the MOON so gravitation is
proportional to Mass = 27083333time that of the Moon.
So let us go far from Sun and close to the Moon at distance "d" again. And find
that mathematical d for our MOON.
For that let us take square root of 27083333= 5204 d from the Sun and 1d from
the Moon = 5205 d,
Now let us divide the Distance from the Sun 149.6 mn Km / 5205 = 28741 km = 1d,
If we stay at distance from the Moon at 1 d =28741km and 5204 d from the sun -
Sun gravitation will be reduced by 5204x5204=27081616, mean will be nearly equal
to that of the Moon at that point in the space.
But that leaves an Empty gape e.g. Moon distance from the Earth = 384400 Km is
much larger than the sum of two fields of the gravitation of Earth and the Moon
(Moon at 1d =28741km + Earth at 1d =260173km = 288914 Km).
Difference id Gape between two gravitational field = Moon distance from the
Earth = 384400 Km - 288914 Km = 95486 Km which is without the gravitation of
Earth or Moon, so is under the influence of sun gravitation as said before. So
the two gravitational fields of Earth and the Moon are not bound to each other
but each one separately bound to the gravitation of Sun.
If so what will happen to the meteor or asteroid that pass in between (without
entering any one of gravitational fields of the Earth or Moon) the gravitation
of the Earth and that of our Moon. That will be dragged by the sun gravitation
to wards the Sun. And if so the question rises if the moon is not bound to the
earth gravitation and under the influence of the sun gravitation then, should
it be considered as satellite of earth or the twin planetary system in the earth
orbit?
IS MOON is the planet as out tradition has accepted may be that true - proven by
maths and also Origin of Moon fro the earth is disputed and nor the chemical
composition is not same as that of the Earth!
Soon new theories will be on the way to as new theories are already on the way
for the Universe - Multiverse-parallel uni-multiverse, string theory of the
strings of the energy created the UNI-Multiverse. As in VEDA the SHAKTI created
the Brahmands
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/45http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/elegant/everything.htmlhttp://www.channel4.com/science/microsites/S/science/space/stringtheory.html
3) C) MARS Gravitation field (not the MARS - G )
Distance from the Sun = 227.9 mn Km. MARS G = 0.38 (Earth G =1)
Mars Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass
Sun mass = 3084112 Mars mass.
For that let us take square root of 3084112= 1756, from the Sun 1756 d and 1d
from the MARS = 1757 d,
Now let us divide the Distance from the Sun 227.9 mn Km / 1757 = 129709 km =
1d,
If we stay at distance from the Mars at 1 d =129709 km and 1756 d from the sun
- sun gravitation will be reduced by 1756 x1756=3083636, mean will be equal to
that of the Mars at that point in the space.
Looking at the Mars data though Mars G is only = 0.38 (Earth G =1) and Mars
Mass = 0.107 Earth Mass, the gravitational field is wider than the expected
(nearly half of that of the Earth, (Mars at 1 d =129709 km - as for the Earth
1d =260173 km).
That is how the Mars has comparative more influence on gravity at that place in
space. And starts dragging objects and accelerating quite earlier than we think
and more time gives more speed of probes to wards the mars surface - and speed
is gained more than we think (speed = gt) towards the Mars.
Try to swap the place of the Mars and earth and re calculate all data. And see
what happens to their gravitational field area. Which one shrinks and which one
swells up and how much? What will be the effects on the speeds for descents?
So we need to plan more deceleration on the descents of the probes. Even space
shuttle retrograde propellers could reduce the speed of entry to save from
friction heat in the case of damaged surface.
More advanced and formulated astronomical science study (Matter in the Universe)
are available at
Planetary and Space Sciences Research Institute
The Open University, http://www.openuniversity.com
Milton Keynes
MK7 6AA, UK,
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
NEW:
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
_2004.htmlhttp://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/Welcome_to_the_Board_of_"_Kutch_Science_Founda\
tion_".html
HOME: http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of India
& kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Sent: Tuesday, December 09, 2003 12:39 PM
Subject: RE: "MARS LANDING BEGAL2" & "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004 &"
Dear Science and Astronomy Friends, Subject: Re: Time to Be ready to
celebrate Christmas on Mars.
http://mars.esa.int/export/SPECIALS/Mars_Express/SEMA2YTZJND_0.htmlhttp://www.cord.edu/dept/physics/p128/lecture_27.html#topic3 Gravitational
Fields
The phrase "gravitational field" is often used in discussing gravity but what
exactly does it mean? As we have seen we can calculate an acceleration due to
gravity at any point near or above the surface of a planet. But we can do more.
We can calculate the quantity g at every point in space where g is defined as
gravitational force on a mass placed at that point divided by the mass. This g
does not depend on the mass placed at the point. It is a vector that is defined
for every point in space. This more broadly defined g is called the
gravitational field strength. The force on any mass placed at a given point is
just F = mg where g is the gravitational field strength at that point. You might
imagine the universe filled with little arrows. Each arrow points in the
direction of g at that point and has a length corresponding to the magnitude of
g at that point. This giant collection of arrows is the gravitational field.
"MARS LANDING BEGAL2" & "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004"
"MARS LANDING BEGAL2:1" ( Welcome to My Room ) Dr. BHUDIA: we will come on Live
on this "MARS LANDING BEGAL2:1" 25DEC2003 marry Christmas
DR. BHUDIA says: "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004:1" ( Welcome to My Room ) Dr. BHUDIA:
we will come on Live on this "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004:1" on 8 th June 2004
WE Need to understand the gravitation – Force and the field of the force in
distance from the planetary body. In general gravitation is described as a
gravitational force at the surface of the planetary body. e. g. Gravitational
force of earth is 9.8m/s.s – at the surface of the Earth.
Gravitational fields can shrink or swell – with the influence of the gravitation
of other powerful objects – body in the space.
Let us start with some simple examples to understand the gravitational fields
and shrinking and bulging of the fields.
1) A)
Sun and Jupiter and its gravitational comparisons.
Sun and Jupiter has nearly the same specific gravity of the matter of the Sun
and Jupiter – so we choose them for easy comparison.
Sun has approximate 1000 Jupiter mass. So Sun can generate 1000 times
gravitation than that of Jupiter. But gravitation is also inversely proportional
to the distance.
So if go square root of 1000 = 31.62 times far from Sun – suns gravitation force
is reduced to 1/1000 at that point in the space.
Now if we remain 1d from Jupiter and 31.62d from Sun and find that place the
gravitations of both will be neutral for each other. Let us find that place. Let
us divide the Distance of Sun and a Jupiter by 31.62+1= 32.62d, So 778, 000, 000
/ 32.62 = 2,38, 000 00 Km, so d = 23800000 km is the distance where Jupiter
satellites (last satellite – 23700000 Km SINOPE ) can go round the Jupiter. Any
thing beyond that will be dragged by sun gravitation. No satellite can exist
beyond this limit for Jupiter at that place. (If place is swapped for Saturn
than Jupiter gravitational field will swell up nearly 4 times)
1) B)
Now let us find how big the gravitational field of the Saturn is! Try not to
depend on others and nets information - all net information is not correct nor
reliable. but try to learn yourself and evaluate by calculating your self - that
is first step to learn.
Sun has approximate 3473 Saturn mass. So Sun can generate 3473 times gravitation
than that of Saturn. But gravitation is also inversely proportional to the
distance. THIS WILL be on next time after your calculation figures ( NO just
copy ditto of data ) are arrived for Saturn.
ALSO what will happen to the meteor or asteroid that pass in between (without
entering any one of gravitational fields of the Earth or Moon) the gravitation
of the Earth and that of our Moon. That will be dragged by the sun gravitation
to wards the Sun. And if so the question rises if the moon is not bound to the
earth gravitation and under the influence of the sun gravitation then, should
it be considered as satellite of earth or the twin planetary system in the earth
orbit?
IS MOON is the planet as out tradition has accepted may be that true – proven by
maths and also Origin of Moon fro the earth is disputed and nor the chemical
composition is not same as that of the Earth!
Soon new theories will be on the way to as new theories are already on the way
for the Universe – Multiverse–parallel uni-multiverse, string theory of the
strings of the energy created the UNI-Multiverse. As in VEDA the SHAKTI created
the Brahmands
http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindia/message/45http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/elegant/everything.htmlhttp://www.channel4.com/science/microsites/S/science/space/stringtheory.html
More advanced and formulated astronomical science study (Matter in the Universe)
are available at
Planetary and Space Sciences Research Institute
The Open University, http://www.openuniversity.com
Milton Keynes
MK7 6AA, UK,
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
President:"Kutch Science Foundation".
Founder :"Kutch Amateurs Astronomers Club - Bhuj - Kutch".
Life Member:"kutch Itihaas Parishad".
kutchscience@..., kutchscience@...,
Just click on web page: http://uk.geocities.com/wildlifeofkutch/
NEW:
http://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/WelCOME_to_the_Board_of_Science_Group_Of_INDIA\
_2004.htmlhttp://www.gujaratplus.com/mypage/Welcome_to_the_Board_of_"_Kutch_Science_Founda\
tion_".html
HOME: http://www.geocities.com/kutchsciencehttp://profiles.yahoo.com/kutchscience2000http://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/scienceclubofindiahttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kutchsciencehttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/kachchhhttp://in.groups.yahoo.com/group/bhuj
Do visit our ABOVE Clubs/Groups of Science club of India, Science Group of India
& kutch science foundation and ALSO JOIN US.
[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
"MARS LANDING BEGAL2" & "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004"
Dr. BHUDIA: "MARS LANDING BEGAL2:1" ( Welcome to My Room ) Dr.
BHUDIA: we will come on Live on this "MARS LANDING BEGAL2:1"
25DEC2003 marry Christmas
We will be Live on the Net on 25 Dec2003 - for MARS LANDING
BEGAL2
DR. BHUDIA says: "VENUS TRANSIT
JUNE2004:1" ( Welcome to My Room ) Dr. BHUDIA: we will come on Live
on this "VENUS TRANSIT JUNE2004:1" on 8 th June 2004
Dear Science and Astronomy friends,
Time to Be ready to celebrate Christmas on Mars.
http://mars.esa.int/export/SPECIALS/Mars_Express/SEMA2YTZJND_0.html
From: KutchScience
Sent: Friday, April 25, 2003 11:45 PM
Reality mars area and gravitation. infect there are many reasons to have
multiple mars mission in short interval of time. (same time - area). mars has
nearly same surface LAND area as that of the earth land area(1/3 of total
surface of the earth) and for such a big surface area, three small modules will
be like a LOST on The MARS rather than a congestion on the MARS. We do remember
last failure and crash land and disputes. there was a calculation error of the
gravitational acceleration on the mars and so crash landed (over speed of
landing resulting the damage of the function of the last mission). argue was
that the system failed because of the Metric and imperial system mistakes. So
miss-judgement of the gravitation of mars resulted in accelerated landing
resulted in failure of the mission. Actually that was more complicated than that
was disputed for.
Comparison with Earth, Moon and Sun gravitation with that of Mars. Suns
gravitation is nearly equal in comparison to MOON and Earth as those both are
nearly Equidistance from the Sun. When we think of landing acceleration and
MARS-g for the Mars, we need to see back to SUN as well. As sun is approximately
1.5 (1.5AU) time further from the mars, sun's gravitation is reduced by
1/(1.5x1.5) = 1/2.25 = 0.44 and that make MARS to enhance its own gravitation to
accelerate the landing probe on the MARS surface.
Which was not the problem with Moon landing calculations. and here we do not
have any option. we learned from previous failure and we need to correct this
time.
Chances of Success are 50 -50 according to the probe BEEGAL2 designer, so
instead of the single we should plan multiple mission at the appropriate time
(EK SE DO BHALA), else schedule for next mission will be pushed back for our
Mars expedition mission. and there are chances that any one can miss the target
mission (we failed last one and if still if we miss one of three , still there
will be two to communicate or help each other). And there is also a competition
of successful Mars Mission. NASA and ESA all are trying to make first success of
their mission to the Mars. More than two missions are essential for these
reasons and also multiple functions can be carried out instead of the repeated
missions which may waste time.
If any case any one fails, still the two working probes can communicate via
earth station. may help each other to find the cause of any failure. even track
each other. and if it happened so that will be a miracle to find and trace the
faulty probe on SUCH A BIG SURFACE AREA OF THE MARS. and I am sure there will
not be any congestion but that will be like a mission of the "lost on the Mars".
and if it happened that way a BIG Sci fi movie will be on the way for that "lost
on the Mars". and we are always ready to copy it again as we copy on the news.
Trace the other and Communication among the working probes is also not an easy
task. searching for the companion will be a big job for each other. a single
message will take at least 4 minutes (Approximate 73,000,000 km / 3, 00,000 km
/s speed of message= 243 seconds) to reach on the Mars (only one way message
transmission). and to see other partner and if found, send pictures back to
earth is a really tough job, time consuming and lot of patience will require
handling it rather than a congestion issue on the MARS.
Finding probes and Mars Obiter? could be easier if the Mars orbital is left in
the ORBIT around the Mars to make the communication and tracking device
assistance. (as was the case in the Moon landing - Lunar landing Module and
Lunar orbital - Returning Craft)
From Yours : Dr. BHUDIA.- Science Group Of INDIA.
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